大风沙地区铝合金接触网零部件表面处理的优选

目的提高铝合金接触网零部件表面耐磨损性能,以增加其在大风沙地区的使用寿命。方法对接触网零件切割进行试样制备。在硅酸盐体系电解液中,采用20 k W直流脉冲微弧氧化设备对试样表面进行微弧氧化处理,电解液为硅酸盐,氧化时间为30 min。同时制备阳极氧化处理的平行试样。通过硬度测试、摩擦磨损试验以及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试,分别评价两种表面处理方式的表面硬度、耐磨性能,利用中性盐雾试验来评价其耐腐蚀性能,并通过扫描电子显微镜来观察两种膜层的差异。结果通过对铝合金接触网进行阳极氧化和微弧氧化处理能明显提高表面耐磨性。阳极氧化膜层硬度为350.3HV,微弧氧化膜层硬度约为阳极氧化膜硬度的4倍,达到1510.8HV。经过HT-600高温摩擦磨损试验机30 min的磨损试验,铝合金基体质量损失2 mg,阳极氧化膜质量损失0.8 mg,而微弧氧化膜的质量损失只有0.15 mg左右,且微弧氧化膜层表现出了更好的耐腐蚀性能。结论微弧氧化膜层能表现出更加优异的耐磨及耐腐蚀性能,因此微弧氧化更适合大风沙地区铝合金零件的表面处理。     

阳极化处理对复合材料用导电铝箔网层耐蚀性的影响

为了提高铝箔网的耐腐蚀性能，采用磷酸阳极化方法对铝箔网表面进行处理．通过对磷酸阳极化后铝箔网的电化学极化腐蚀测试，优化铝箔网磷酸阳极化工艺；并对铝箔网及铝箔网导电层复合材料的耐环境腐蚀性能进行分析．结果表明：磷酸阳极化处理后铝箔网表面生成了一层疏松多孔的阳极氧化膜，使铝箔网的耐腐蚀性能得到提高；铝箔网／碳纤维层压板（C...     

对于提高奥氏体不锈钢离子氮化表面腐蚀性能的措施

离子氮化已经非常成功地应用在奥氏体不锈钢的表面强化方面,以提高其耐磨性与摩擦学性能。然而由于氮化铬在氮化层中沉淀析出,在许多受环境严重腐蚀的应用场合,使传统的离子氮化耐腐蚀性能恶化,这是无法接受的。最近几年,作者企图提高奥氏体不锈钢离子氮化的耐腐蚀性能,以获得既耐磨又耐腐蚀的表面。为此,进行了两方面的探索即传统的高温氮化后紧接着表面钝化处理,以及低温氮化处理。前者产生一种较厚且耐磨的亚表面氮化层和耐腐蚀的表面钝化膜。而低温氮化处理可产生一层薄且硬的无沉淀析出的非常耐腐蚀的氮化物层。本文讲述了针对奥氏体不锈钢进行各种氮化处理的最新试验结果,并讨论了其显微组织、动力学、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能。     

对于提高臭氏体不锈钢离子氯化表面腐蚀性能的措施

离子氮化已经非常成功地应用在奥氏体不锈钢的表面强化方面,以提高其耐磨性与摩擦学性能。然而由于氮化铬在氮化层中沉淀折出,在许多受环境严重腐蚀的应用场合,使传统的离子氮化耐腐蚀性能恶化,这是无法接受的。最近几年,作者企图提高奥氏体不锈钢离子氮化的耐腐蚀性能,以获得既耐磨又耐腐蚀的表面。为此,进行了两方面的探索即传统的高温氮化后紧接着表面钝化处理,以及低温氮化处理。前者产生一种较厚且耐磨的亚表面氮化层和耐腐蚀的表面钝化膜。而低温氮化处理可产生一层薄且硬的无沉淀折出的非常耐腐蚀的氰化物层。本文讲述了针对奥氏体不锈钢进行各种氮化处理的最新试验结果,并讨论了其显微组织、动力学、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能。     

Mg-Mn-Ce镁合金表面超疏水复合膜层的制备及耐腐蚀性能

采用微弧氧化技术和有机镀膜技术相结合的复合处理方法实现Mg-Mn-Ce镁合金表面改性,获得超疏水复合膜层,研究微弧氧化膜的表面特征、有机镀膜电化学反应过程、复合膜层的润湿特性和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:镁合金经微弧氧化处理后由于微弧氧化膜表面呈微纳多孔结构,表现为超亲水特性,其蒸馏水的静态接触角接近0°;在微弧氧化膜上经有机镀膜后,其形成的有机薄膜的静态接触角高达173.3°,表现出优良的超疏水特性。镁合金经微弧氧化处理后具有良好的耐腐蚀性能,经有机镀膜超疏水复合处理后,耐腐蚀性能得到进一步提高。复合膜层在3.5%NaCl溶液中,与基体相比动电位极化腐蚀电流密度减小了3个数量级、而电化学阻抗提高了3个数量级,耐腐蚀性能明显改善。微弧氧化与有机镀膜相结合的复合处理使镁合金表面在实现超亲水-超疏水功能转换的同时显著提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性能。     

湿法超声机械镀锌技术研究

目的改进滚筒式机械镀锌设备对零件尺寸的限制,实现较大尺寸零件的机械镀锌。方法提出一种新的机械镀锌工艺,即用超声振动系统为冲击介质提供动力,冲击锌粉颗粒到工件表面,形成镀锌层。观察镀锌层的微观表面形貌和断面形貌,测试镀锌层的结合强度,利用中性盐雾试验评判镀锌层的耐腐蚀性能。结果在工件表面获得了一定厚度的镀锌层,镀层表面细腻、均匀、平整,无凹凸不平结构。镀层是由锌粉颗粒镶嵌、填充而成的致密堆积体,与基体的结合强度高,耐腐蚀性能好。结论湿法超声机械镀锌工艺可以对较大尺寸零件进行机械镀锌。     

TC4激光气体渗氮层及其耐腐蚀性能

采用激光气体渗氮工艺可以在TC4钛合金表面生成一层高硬度、高耐磨性的氮化层。主要分析了激光气体渗氮后试样表面宏观状态的变化、渗氮层组织以及渗氮层耐腐蚀性能的变化。通过激光气体渗氮处理后,试样表面粗糙度增加;渗氮层自腐蚀电位相对于TC4钛合金的自腐蚀电位正移了0. 042 4 V,表面耐腐蚀性能增强。     

室温水溶液渗硫

渗硫是改善机械零件耐磨性，提高零件使用寿命的一种表面处理方法。但是传统渗硫工艺存在以下弊端：①药品易老化，虽有施行活化处理的尝试，但效果并不理想；②渗硫后的零件易生锈，特别是潮湿季节，渗硫工件放置几小时后，表面便覆盖一层锈迹，影响零件的美观与使用寿命...     

铝合金彩色瓷质阳极氧化新工艺

研究了在铝合金瓷质阳极氧化膜层表面进行染色、封闭一步处理的新工艺.通过对这种方法得到的瓷质阳极氧化膜层进行耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐候等性能试验,发现经过瓷质氧化后表面,进行染色封闭一步处理的膜层具有色泽正、染色牢固、表面装饰效果好的特点;同时这种瓷质彩色膜层还具有良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀和耐候性能.     

离子硬化工艺在316L不锈钢阀内件中的应用

对316L奥氏体不锈钢进行离子渗氮(PN)和离子碳氮共渗(PNC)处理,利用光学显微镜、显微硬度计、电化学工作站、粗糙度检测仪和三坐标测量仪对试样渗层厚度、显微硬度、耐腐蚀性、表面粗糙度和变形量进行讨论分析。结果表明:316L钢经离子碳氮共渗处理后的渗层硬度分布较好,可提高耐腐蚀性能。离子碳氮共渗技术可应用于阀内件(包括球芯和阀座)的表面硬化处理,在保证零件尺寸配合公差的条件下,大幅提高阀内件的表面硬度。     

钢表面离子束改性类金刚石膜层性能

离子束沉积类金刚石膜是钢表面改性的一项新技术。类金刚石改性膜层显微硬度和表面电阻率在特定轰击能量下出现峰值 ;双离子束轰击混合界面可以提高膜层显微硬度 ,并使峰值向低能量方向偏移 ,而且大大增强膜基结合强度。在大气环境中 ,改性膜层对钢的摩擦系数达到 0 0 80～ 0 1 80 ,在摩擦过程中起减摩作用。另一方面 ,类金刚石膜层显著提高钢的耐磨性 ,试验表明 ,40Cr钢表面镀膜后其磨损量是镀膜前的 1 /2 74。类金刚石膜由于使 2Cr1 3不锈钢在 3 5%NaCl溶液中的自然电位Ecorr和点蚀击穿电位Eb 增大 ,因而明显增强钢的抗点蚀能力。     

退火温度对磁控溅射TiN/TiCN薄膜残余应力、结构及耐蚀性能的影响

采用反应磁控溅射在AZ31合金上制备了TiN/TiCN薄膜,并对沉积后的薄膜进行真空去应力退火。分别采用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)、掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)和电化学工作站对退火前后的薄膜进行表面化学成分、形貌结构、残余应力以及耐蚀性能分析。结果表明:薄膜由FCC结构的TiCN和TiN组成。退火后,薄膜的晶粒尺寸和结晶度增大,内部残余应力显著下降,电化学腐蚀区域的Ti、C、N元素含量下降,250 ℃退火薄膜的耐蚀性能与沉积态薄膜相当,300 ℃退火后薄膜的耐蚀性能下降。     

AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜的腐蚀行为研究

利用双向全波脉冲电源对AZ91D镁合金在硅酸盐体系中进行了微弧氧化处理,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试、极化曲线分析并结合XRD和SEM等分析方法对微弧氧化处理的镁合金腐蚀行为进行了研究.结果表明,微弧氧化膜表面分布着几微米的微孔,微弧氧化膜中主要含有MgF2,Mg2SiO4和Al2O3.AZ91D镁合金经过微弧氧化处理之后,耐蚀性能明显提高,自腐蚀电流密度降低3个数量级,自腐蚀电位高出约300 mV,阻抗值高出3个数量级,研制的微弧氧化膜对镁合金具有很好的防腐保护性能.     

Corrosion Resistance of Ti-O Film Modified 316L Stainless Steel Coronary Stents In Vitro

This article dealt with improving corrosion resistance of stent modified using Ti-O film. Ti-O films of various thicknesses were grown on the surface of 316L stainless steel (SS) stents by metal vacuum arc source deposition technology, and the phase composition, the thickness and the adhesion between films and substance were investigated by micro-x-ray diffraction (Micro-XRD), surface profilometer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) separately. The corrosion resistance of modified stent was assessed by polarization test in phosphate buffered solution (37 ± 1 °C). The result shows that the Ti-O films were very smooth and uniform. There were not any cracks and delaminations after dilation by angioplasty, the adhesion between Ti-O film and stent is satisfactory. The open circuit potential (OCP) of the Ti-O film modified stents was higher than that of the bare stents; it shows that the electrochemical stability of modified stents was more than bare stents. The polarization test result indicates that the passivation stability and anti-breakdown performance of Ti-O film stents had better than bare stents, and no pitting was observed on the surface of both modified stents, but the local film striations were found on the stent surface of the thicker film, which indicated that the Ti-O film stents with certain thickness has good corrosion resistance.     

Effect of Al Film on the Electromagnetic Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix CompositeEI北大核心CSCD

Metallic thin films have many properties that bulk metals do not possess, such as high impedance. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to high impedance surface in the design of antennas and absorbers. Metallic thin films used in composite materials can realize the perfect matching of electromagnetic wave in different materials. The use of metallic thin films in electromagnetic functional materials results in significant increase of the absorbing intensity and operating bandwidth. But it usually needs to pay a huge amount of manpower, material resources and a longer period of time to design excellent electromagnetic functional materials with metallic films. So it is greatly significant to understand clearly the electromagnetic influence of metallic film for designing excellent performance materials and saving costs by simulation software. Al film is a typical non-magnetic metal film. In this work, the electromagnetic reflectivity of Al films and glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite had been studied. High frequency electromagnetic field calculation software FEKO was employed to calculate the reflection coefficient of the composites. The effect of composites' real part of permittivity epsilon(r), dielectric loss tangent tan delta(epsilon), permeability mu(r) and magnetic loss tangent tan delta(mu) on microwave reflectivity had been discussed. The equivalent electromagnetic parameters of glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite had been obtained through a comparison between simulation and experimental results. Due to resonance phenomena of the embedded Al film in the glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite with certain thickness, there is an optimum resistance value of Al film that makes the composite structure have minimum reflection. Through the calculation of Al film and glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite with different structure, the thickness relationship between Al films in calculation and Al films prepared by magnetron sputtering had been obtained. According to the theory of transmission line, the resistance of resonance is analyzed by MATLAB. This method is also applicable to the resistance solution of the homogeneous metal films at any position in the composite or frequency selective surfaces. The equivalent electromagnetic parameters of Al film and glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite in simulation had been ascertained, and the simulation results agree well with the experimental results.     

气相沉积 Ti / TiN 多层薄膜的力学及耐腐蚀性能研究

目的研究多层薄膜的界面对薄膜性能的影响。方法通过直流磁控溅射法在45#钢表面制备Ti N及Ti/Ti N多层薄膜,采用扫描电镜和XRD衍射分析仪对薄膜表面形貌及相结构进行观察和分析,使用纳米压痕仪、电子薄膜应力分布测试仪对Ti N及Ti/Ti多层薄膜的力学性能以及残余应力大小进行研究,并运用电化学设备对Ti N及不同调制周期的Ti/Ti多层薄膜的耐腐蚀性能进行研究。结果制备的Ti N及Ti/Ti N多层薄膜表面光滑且结构致密,Ti N晶粒细小且为非晶相;薄膜力学性能良好,内部均存在残余压应力。随着调制周期的减小,弹性模量和硬度先减小后增大,内部残余应力逐渐减小且分布不均匀程度逐渐增大。薄膜在H_2SO_4中的腐蚀试验表明:当Ti/Ti N多层薄膜调制周期为1μm时,多层薄膜的耐腐蚀性能不如Ti N薄膜,随着Ti/Ti N多层薄膜随调制周期的减小,多层薄膜的耐腐蚀性能逐渐升高;当调制周期为0.5μm时,Ti/Ti N多层薄膜的耐蚀性能已超过Ti N薄膜。结论 Ti/Ti N多层薄膜界面的增多有助于减小薄膜的残余应力,并且可提高薄膜的耐蚀性能。     

阳极氧化法制备TiO2膜在模拟深海热液区的耐腐蚀性能

以恒压阳极氧化方法在钛基体上制备TiO₂氧化膜,使用水热釜模拟深海热液区的条件研究其耐腐蚀性能。采用XRD、SEM、接触角测定仪对氧化膜以及腐蚀试样产物进行晶型、表面结构、化学成分和亲疏水性能测定,使用动电位扫描方法对其进行极化曲线测试。结果表明,钛试样和阳极氧化钛试样在模拟深海环境条件下,经过腐蚀反应在表面都生成了一层非致密的TiO₂ 膜,对基体并不能起到保护作用,而阳极氧化生成的致密TiO₂ 膜对基体能够起到很好的保护作用。经腐蚀后钛试样表面有TiH₂相的形成,腐蚀电位负移0.45 V。而阳极氧化钛试样表面没有TiH₂相的形成,且腐蚀电位负移较小,表现出良好的耐腐蚀性能。     

Corrosion behaviour of polycrystalline Nb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript> thin films and its size effects

This study examines the effect of film thickness ranging from 230 to 404 nm on the corrosion resistance of Nb₂O₅ thin films grown by chemical solution deposition. The films were characterized to obtain the relationships between the deposition parameters and the most relevant physical properties (structural, surface morphology and corrosion resistance). From X-ray diffraction and XPS analyses we can conclude that the films were stoichiometric Nb₂O₅ and crystalline. The internal strain and morphology of the film changes as the number of layers increases indicating a thickness dependent grain size. The surface roughness, corrosion resistance were also affected by the film thickness. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that the thicker film have higher passive and charge transfer resistance than the control samples. These results coating layer of Nb₂O₅ improves the corrosion resistance on an API 5L X80 steel alloy due to the formation of a film on the surface.     

冷轧钢表面硅烷膜的制备及耐蚀性能研究

采用浸涂技术,在冷轧钢板(CRS)表面制备3-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷(APDMS)自组装膜。利用扫描电镜观察了该膜的形貌,运用极化曲线和交流阻抗图谱等电化学方法考察了APDMS膜在3.50%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能。研究表明:硅烷、乙醇、去离子水的体积比为4∶9∶87,溶液pH为11.0,水解温度40℃,水解时间30h为最佳水解工艺条件;在该条件下形成的硅烷膜耐蚀性能十分优越。     

太阳能高反射薄膜制备技术对薄膜性能的影响

采用磁过滤阴极真空弧沉积(FCVAD)与磁控溅射(MS)两种技术在玻璃上制备厚度分别为75 nm和165 nm的Glass/Al高反射薄膜,利用Lambda 950分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、附着力测试仪、摩擦试验机和加速老化试验箱分别表征薄膜的反射率、表面形貌、粗糙度、附着力、耐摩擦和耐老化性能,通过薄膜性能评估分析两种技术制备高反射膜性能的差异。结果表明:在双方优化工艺下,FCVAD制备的薄膜表面形貌和附着力优于MS薄膜;FCVAD制备的75 nm和165 nm薄膜反射率比同厚度MS薄膜高出3.3%~4.2%;75 nm厚的薄膜方均根粗糙度明显小于同厚度的MS薄膜;FCVAD制备的75 nm薄膜老化后反射率仅下降1.2%,而MS同厚度薄膜反射率下降了3.3%~4%。说明FCVAD在制备高反射膜方面比磁控溅射更有优势。