N=1超对称SU（8）大统一理论

为解决常规大统一ＳＵ（５），ＳＯ（１０）及ＳＵ（８）模型中的规范等级问题，笔者建立了Ｎ＝１超对称ＳＵ（８）大统一理论，通过引入Ｈｉｇｇｓ超场，构造超对称标量势Ｖｓｕｓｙ（Х），和具有ＳＵ（８）不变性的Ｄ－项和超势Ｐ（Х），超对称性破缺取决于ＶＳＵＳＹ是否为０．对于规范对称性，笔者希望三步破缺，通过调整参数可实现期望破缺方式，结果表明常规ＳＵ（８）理论中的好的破缺方式是超对称禁戒的允许破缺方式为ＳＵ     

石榴汁中花色素苷稳定性研究

天然石榴汁中花色素苷在ｐＨ＝３．５时始呈现玫瑰红色，且随ｐＨ的呈色行为符合Ｙ＝０．２１５５Ｘ０．５３５５的规律，最大吸收峰波长为５１５ｎｍ，其稳定性受氧化剂的作用而呈曲线下降趋势，与Ｙ＝０．２８０４ｅ０．５０３４ｘ拟合，受温度的作用而呈直线下降趋势，与表达式Ｙ＝０．２０５１－８．５６×１０－４Ｘ拟合，其中低温（６℃）下的分解速率常数为１．９×１０－３，高温（６３℃）下的分解速率常数为８．０×１０－３，金属离子Ｆｅ３＋、Ｃｕ２＋对石榴汁花色苷有破坏作用，而Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｋ＋以及甜味剂对其无影响。     

Li—Cu—Zr系微波铁氧体的磁性和铁磁共振的研究

做出了铁氧体Ｌｉ０．５ＣｕｘＺｒｘＦｅ２．５－２ｘＢｉ０．００３Ｏ４±（ｘ＝０、０．２、０．４、０．６、０．８）的Ｘ射线衍射图谱,测量了该样品的饱和磁矩σｓ及铁磁共振特性．结果表明Ｌｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｚｒ系材料有第二相ＺｒＯ２存在;用（Ｚｒ４＋Ｃｕ２＋）离子代换Ｆｅ３＋离子,可以有效地调节饱和磁化强度离子４πＭｓ,材料的铁磁共振谱的半宽度ΔＨ显著增大．     

AR(1)-MA(0)模型参数矩估计的渐近无偏性

ＡＲ（１）－ＭＡ（０）模型Ｘｔ＝θｔＸｔ－１＋ｅｔ,θｔ＝α＋εｔ,ＥＸｔｅｓ＝０,　ｔ＜ｓ,（１）其中｛ｅｔ｝,｛εｔ｝是相互独立的、ｉ．ｉ．ｄ的Ｇａｕｓｓ白噪声,Ｅε２ｔ＝δ２＜∞,Ｅｅ２ｔ＝σ２＜∞,α为常数．记λ＝Ｅθ２ｔ＝α２＋δ２,在已知ＡＲ（１）－ＭＡ（０）模型平稳解存在的条件下,由（１）式,得Ｒ（１）＝αＲ（０）,Ｒ（０）＝（α２＋δ２）Ｒ（０）＋σ２．若设Ｒ（ｖ）＝１ＮＮ－ｖｔ＝１ＸｔＸｔ＋ｖ　（ｖ＝０,１）,则在第二重模型噪声方差δ２已知的情况下,参数（α,σ２）矩估计为…     

二元函数的L＇Hospital法则

设Ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）在Ｒ２上有定义，若ｌｉｍ△Ｆ／△ｘ△存在（其中△ｘ△ｙ≠定，△Ｆ＝Ｆ（ｘ＋△ｘ，ｙ＋△ｙ）－Ｆ（ｘ，△ｘ，ｙ）－Ｆ（ｘ，ｙ＋△ｙ）＋Ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）），则称此极限为Ｆ在点（ｘ，ｙ）有面导数，记为Ｆｘｙ＇（ｘ，ｙ）。本文证明了（１）若Ｆｘｙ’（ｘ，ｙ）存在又在（ｘ，ｙ）的邻域内偏导数Ｆｘ存在，则二阶混合编导数Ｆｘｙ（ｘ，ｙ）存在且Ｆｘｙ＝（ｘ，ｙ）（２）若Ｆｘ和Ｆｘｙ存在且Ｆｘｙ在点（ｘ，ｙ）连续，Ｆｘｙ‘（ｘ，ｙ）存在且Ｆｘｙ’（ｘ，ｙ）＝Ｆｘｙ（ｘ，ｙ）；（３）（面导数中值公式）若Ｆ在矩形Ｔ上存在Ｆｘ和Ｆｘｙ’，则在Ｔ内有点（ξ，η）使△Ｆ＝Ｆｘｙ’（ξ，η）△ｘ△ｙ；（４）（广义中值公式）若在Ｔ上存在Ｆｘ，Ｇｘ及Ｆｘｙ’Ｇｘｙ’且Ｇｘｙ’≠０，则在Ｔ内有点（ξ，η）使△Ｆ／△Ｇ＝Ｆｘｙ’（ξ，η）；（５）（Ｌ’Ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌ法则）除（４）的条件外，若（ｘ，ｙ）→（ａ，ｂ）时Ｆ→０，Ｇ→０且存在（ａ，ｂ）的邻域，对其中任意点（ｘ，ｙ）有Ｆ（ｘ，ｂ）＋Ｆ（ａ，ｙ）－Ｆ（ａ，ｂ）＝Ｇ（ｘ，ｂ）＋Ｇ（ａ，ｙ）－Ｇ（ａ，ｂ）＝０，则ｌｉｍＦ／Ｇ＝ｌｉｍＦｘｙ＇／Ｇｘｙ＇（若右端极限存在）。     

对角形椭圆型方程组的解的Liouville型定理

考虑对角形椭圆型方程组ｘα（ａαβ（ｘ，ｕ，ｕ）ｕｉｘβ）＝ｆｉ（ｘ，ｕ，ｕ），ｉ＝１，２，…，Ｎ，对一种特殊情形证明其广义解的Ｌｉｏｕｖｉｌｅ型定理成立．     

棉仁蛋白粉的营养评价

通过对“乙醇一己烷混合溶剂浸出工艺”生产的棉仁蛋白粉化学成份分析表明，棉仁蛋白粉是一种高蛋白（５０．２％）、低纤维（５．０％）、低毒性（３８８ｐｐｍＦＧ）的蛋白质原料，富含Ｐｈｅ（３．１％）、Ａｒｇ（６．１％）、Ｍｅｔ＋Ｃｙｓ（２．１％），Ｌｙｓ为第一限制性氨基酸，ＡＬｙｓ（有效赖氨酸）仅为总Ｌｙｓ的７０％，棉仁蛋白粉低Ｃａ（０．１７％）、高Ｐ（１．０４％）、低Ｍｎ（１５ｐｐｍ），富含Ｆｅ（２６４ｐｐｍ）、Ｚｎ（８９ｐｐｍ）、Ｃｕ（３０ｐｐｍ）。采用Ｓｉｂｂａｌｄ法评定其生物学价值。ＴＡＡ表观消化率为７５％，ＣＰ、ＴＡＡ真消化率为８０％、８２％，ＴＭＥ、ＡＭＥ分别为１１．８８ＭＪ／Ｋｇ、９．２７ＭＪ／ｋｇ。可见，ＣＫＰＦ的生物学价值较高。     

拟共形映照的掩盖定理

得到了拟共形映照的几个掩盖定理,推广了有关文献中的结果,主要结果如下：设ｆ（ｚ）是｜ｚ｜≤１上的拟共形映照,ｆ（０）＝０,且存在常数β〉０,Ｍ≥０,使ｌｉｍ｜ｆ（ｚ）｜／｜ｚ｜＾β＝α,｛１０（β－１／Ｄ（ｒ））ｄｒ／ｒ≤Ｍ,其中Ｄ（ｒ）是ｆ（ｚ）的伸缩商。Ｄ（ｒ）＝１／２π２π０Ｄ（ｒｅｘｐ（ｉθ）ｄθ,则ｆ的像区域必包含圆盘｜ｗ｜〈（ａ／４）ｅ＾－Ｍ。     

黄刺玫色素及其稳定性研究

实验表明，黄刺玫色素的热稳定性、光稳定性、抗氧化性、抗还原性均较差，Ｆｅ２＋和Ｆｅ３＋使色素的吸光度下降，但Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋和Ｃｕ２＋对色素没有影响。经统计学分析，黄刺玫色素的光解与热降解速度符合一级动力学，其中前者的动力学方程为１ｇＯＤ＝－０．２８８３－０．０１８５τ，后者的动力学方程为１ｇＯＤ＝１ｇＯＤ０－τ·１０（－２．６４５＋０．０１３７Ｔ）。分析初步判定黄刺玫色素为花青素。     

高活性高酒精产率产酯酵母菌株的选育

本文通过测定选择Ａａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ１３００和Ｈａｎｓｅｎｕｌａａｒｏｍａｌａ１３１２做为亲本，利用细胞融合技术使其杂交获得成功。利用不可逆生化抑制剂碘乙酸（０．１％）处理Ｈ．ａｒｏｍａｌａ１３１２的原生质体４０分钟，使其１００％不能再生，与Ｓ．ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ１３００（ａ）融合后，在融合子中表达了Ｈ．ａｎｏｍａｌａ１３１２的性状，如同化ＫＮＯ＿３等。融合子ＦＳＨ－１２在１２Ｂｘ米曲汁发酵中酒精为６．２％（ｗ／ｖ），产乙酸乙酯０．４０９％（ｗ／ｖ），同化硝酸盐。在产孢培养基上不形成孢子。酒精的耐受力为１０．５％（ｖ／ｖ），在ｐＨ３时生长良好，并能产酯。经固态发酵实验，证明该融合子能够适应酒醅中的环境，因此，ＦＳＨ－１２具有一定的实用意义。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the