一种快速的二相编码信号检测算法

相位编码信号雷达因为其抗干扰能力以及低截获概率特性而得到了广泛的应用。提出一种新的相位编码信号检测算法,实现了对相位编码信号的特征提取,根据频率构造正弦信号,利用相参检波实现二相编码信号的解码。该算法在信噪比为0 dB时仍然可以对编码信号进行准确的调制特征分析。     

未知相位信道下 Turbo码编码DPSK信号的联合迭代解调解码

本文提出了未知相位信道下Turbo码编码DPSK信号的联合迭代解调解码算法 .推导了未知相位信道的最大后验概率 (MAP)算法 ,推导表明该MAP算法同样可用前向、后向递推方程来有效实现 .其次 ,采用等效信道的方法将未知相位信道的Turbo码解码问题化为AWGN信道下Turbo码的解码问题 .最后 ,引进了联合迭代解调解码算法 ,可用于Turbo码的解调解码 .模拟表明本文算法可有效用于未知相位信道Turbo码的解码     

基于MSK和LT码的联合迭代译码算法

传统的简单级联编码调制系统在译码时会造成软信息损失.提出了一种基于MSK和LT码的联合软迭代译码算法,设计了算法的系统模型.利用LT码的软译码和MSK调制的SISO算法,进行联合软迭代译码,提高了编码调制系统的性能.仿真结果表明:在误码率为10-4时,提出的算法比传统的简单级联编码调制算法约有1.5 dB的编码增益.     

基于TTCM的联合编码调制算法

提出了一种具有高频带利用率和高重建质量的联合编码调制算法.采用Turbo码网格编码调制TTCM作为编码调制(CM)方案,按"最小化端到端失真"准则最优化设计信源解码器,直接利用TTCM解码输出的软判决值进行信源译码.仿真表明,相对于硬判决分离译码,本文算法将重建信号的信噪比提高了约2dB.     

一种基于APES算法的弱ADS-B信号参数估计方法

星基广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B)是能够用于广域范围内飞行目标监视的新一代监视技术,是ADS-B系统的重要发展方向。相对于一般的陆基ADS-B系统,星基ADS-B系统信号需要更长距离链路传输,因此系统接收端接收到的信号较弱,会对信号处理和解码造成严重的影响。针对星基ADS-B信号的特点,介绍了一种基于幅度和相位估计(APES)算法的弱ADS-B信号参数估计方法：首先对信号进行非相干解调并译码,找到信号的高置信度码位,之后利用高置信度码位处的信号集合对信号使用改进后的APES算法进行频率和相位估计,估计值可用于对信号重新相干解调从而提高信噪比和正确译码概率。为了提高算法效率,该方法先利用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对信号频率进行粗估计后,再使用APES算法进行精估计。仿真结果表明,在低信噪比和低采样率的情况下,算法达到了较高估计精度。     

未知相位信道下Turbo码编码DPSK信号的联合迭代解调码

本文提出了未知位信道下Turbo码编码DPSK信号的联合迭代解调解码算法。推导了未知相位信道的最大后验概率（MAP）算法，推导表明该MAP算法同样可用前向、后向递推方程来有效实现。其次，采用等效信道的方法将未知相位信道的Turbo码解码问题化为AWGN信道下Turbo码的解码问题。最后，引进了联合迭代解调解码算法，可用于Turbo码的解调解码。模拟表明本文算法可有效用于未知相应信道Turbo码的解码。     

基于LDPC码有效编码算法的编码调制系统

低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC码)的直接编码运算量较大,采用基于下三角矩阵的有效编码算法,通过重排列的顺序得到一个新的校验矩阵,以控制编码运算量为线性复杂度。编码后经过BPSK调制,采用对数域的BP译码算法进行解码。仿真结果表明,在AWGN信道下该系统有较好的误码率性能。     

MIMO传输系统中差分空时编码的能耗分析

Alamouti方案是为发射天线数为2的系统提供完全发射分集增益的一种空时分组码,该编码译码方案简单,在接收端采用最大释然译码算法,因而得到了广泛的应用.但是该编码方案需要在接收端恢复信道系数才能进行译码.所以许多有关空时编码的研究都是假设信道的状态在接收端是已知的.而基于正交的差分空时编码方案可以在接收端不知道信道状态信息下进行译码,因而可以简化译码电路.主要分析了在多入多出无线传输条件下基于正交的差分空时编码在发射端的能量消耗,并通过仿真比较了该差分空时编码与传统的Alamouti编码在一定的误码率条件下随着传输距离的不同发射端发射每比特信息所需要的能量.     

基于波前编码的大焦深弹载双色红外探测系统

波前编码技术通过在光学系统光瞳位置加入特殊的相位掩模板,对目标信号光波进行编码调制,并在图像处理端对该编码信号进行解码而恢复原图像,由于被编码调制后的波前对离焦等像差的不敏感度扩大了十数倍,能显著扩大光学系统焦深。因此,波前编码技术能在编码与解码之间解决恶劣力热条件或多色制导体制对弹载红外探测系统带来的离焦和对准误差。文中基于波前编码扩大焦深基本原理,对一长长双色红外光学系统进行了10倍焦深扩大的波前编码像差钝化设计。集成样机后,进行了波前编码成像实验。以小孔点靶编码像作为PSF解码10倍离焦位置处的十字靶和四条靶图像,十字靶和四条靶解码图像清晰可辨,证明波前编码技术对于系统像差或离焦像差的抑制是有效的。最后,对波前编码成像效果进行了分析:解码图像的水波纹是由于空间采样PSF不足导致的,可提取不同视场位置PSF,使用空间变化解码算法实现条纹消除;由于解码图像会在放大信号的同时放大噪声,因此,解码算法需要进一步研究噪声抑制算法,以期满足弹载高能量、高信噪比应用的要求。     

乘法运算的模拟网络编码中继方法

当前无线网络编码中继采用异或运算和叠加运算实现,该文提出一种基于乘法运算的网络编码中继方案。该方案中继节点对接收到的两个源节点信号直接相乘,然后放大转发,从而实现网络编码。与异或运算的网络编码相比,该方案采用模拟技术实现,降低了中继节点网络编码的复杂度;同时该方案将接收信号与本地信号相乘实现网络译码,译码算法比叠加运算的方案简单。理论分析表明该方案的分集增益与未经网络编码的中继系统相同;仿真结果表明,该方案与现有的网络编码中继协作方案性能相当。     

A two-stage decoder for pragmatic trellis-coded M-PSK modulationusing a symbol transformation

A two-stage decoding procedure for pragmatic trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is introduced. It applies a transformation from the received I-channel and Q-channel samples onto points in a two-dimensional (2-D) signal space that contains a coset constellation. For pragmatic TCM over M-PSK signal sets with ν coded bits per symbol, ν=1, 2, the signal points in the coset constellations represent cosets of a B/QPSK signal subset-associated with the coded bits-in the original M-PSK signal constellation. A conventional Viterbi decoder operates on the transformed symbols to estimate the coded bits. After reencoding these bits, the uncoded bits are estimated in a second stage, on a symbol-by-symbol basis, with decisions based on the location of the received symbols. In addition to requiring no changes in the Viterbi decoder core, it is shown that the proposed method results in savings of up to 40% in the memory required to store (or in the size of the logic required to compute) metrics and transformed symbols     

Semi-Iterative Analog Turbo Decoding

Based on multiple-slice turbo codes, a novel semi-iterative analog turbo decoding algorithm and its corresponding decoder architecture are presented. This work paves the way for integrating flexible analog decoders dealing with frame lengths over thousands of bits. The algorithm benefits from a partially continuous exchange of extrinsic information to improve decoding speed and correction performance. The proposed algorithm and architecture are applied to design an analog decoder for double-binary codes. Taking full advantage of multiple slice codes, the on-chip area is shown to be reduced by ten when compared to a conventional fully parallelized analog slice turbo decoder. The reconfigurable analog core area for frames of 40 bits up to 2432 bits is 37 nm² in a 0.25-mum BiCMOS process.     

Improved decoding of LDPC coded modulations

A coded modulation belief propagation (CMBP) decoder is proposed for decoding LDPC codes with multilevel modulations. The decoder takes into account statistical dependencies among bits originating in the same symbol, providing better performance than the marginal BP (MBP) decoder. Asymptotically it converges to MAP decoding. The CMBP decoder is based on a single-level coding (SLC) scheme and does not suffer from practical disadvantages of multi-level coding (MLC) schemes. Furthermore, the CMBP decoder can close the capacity gap of the bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) SLC scheme. The BICM capacity gap increases when the modulation size increases and in scenarios where gray mapping is not possible.     

基于Turbo-TCM与时空分组码的级联系统的次优译码算法

针对瑞利信道中存在的严重的多径衰落,本文实现了Turbo-TCM方案与时空分组码的级联系统,以期利用空间分集改善系统的误码率性能。针对级联系统的译码,本文给出了一种具有低译码时延的次优译码算法,该算法的特点是各模块独立译码,先算比特对数似然比再进行二进制Turbo码译码。最后通过计算机仿真给出了使用该次优译码算法的Turbo－TCM方案与时空分组码的级联系统的译码性能。仿真结果说明,当发射天线数目一定时,随着接收天线数目的增加,译码性能的增益随之增加而帧长对译码性能的影响则随之减小。     

Trellis-coded 8PSK with embedded QPSK

A coded eight-phase-shift-keying (C8PSK) method is described that is characterized by a quaternary phase-shift-keyed signal embedded in the modulated sequence. This method is a double-trellis-coded modification of the well-known C8PSK and is referred to as MC8PSK. Five coded bits are generated from four user bits in a single coding step and then mapped to an 8PSK symbol followed by a QPSK symbol. Given comparable decoder or receiver complexity, the coding gains of C8PSK and MC8PSK are comparable. Advantages of MC8PSK concern carrier synchronization. With C8PSK, problems with carrier phase tracking are encountered. With MC8PSK, these can be avoided, since carrier phase control can be based on the embedded QPSK. For some codes, error-free decoding is achievable in any locking condition of a QPSK-dependent PLL (phase locked loop), making synchronization and decoding especially simple. The partitioning of the channel symbol set, the associated bit mapping, and the code design are treated in order to describe MC8PSK. Aspects of receiver synchronization are discussed for C8PSK and for MC8PSK, focusing on QPSK phase-detection principles. The implementation of a four-state MC8PSK modem for an information rate of 2.048 Mb/s is described, and experimental results demonstrating the very robust carrier synchronization are presented     

A Simplified Decoding Algorithm Using Symbol Transformation for Turbo Pragmatic Trellis‐Coded Modulation

This paper presents the application of a turbo coding technique combined with a bandwidth efficient method known as trellis‐coded modulation. A transformation applied to the incoming I‐channel and Q‐channel symbols allows the use of an off‐the‐shelf binary/quadrature phase shift keying (B/QPSK) turbo decoder without any modifications. A conventional turbo decoder then operates on transformed symbols to estimate the coded bits. The uncoded bits are decoded based on the estimated coded bits and locations of the received symbols.     

FPGA implementation of low complexity LDPC iterative decoder

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, proposed by Gallager, emerged as a class of codes which can yield very good performance on the additive white Gaussian noise channel as well as on the binary symmetric channel. LDPC codes have gained lots of importance due to their capacity achieving property and excellent performance in the noisy channel. Belief propagation (BP) algorithm and its approximations, most notably min-sum, are popular iterative decoding algorithms used for LDPC and turbo codes. The trade-off between the hardware complexity and the decoding throughput is a critical factor in the implementation of the practical decoder. This article presents introduction to LDPC codes and its various decoding algorithms followed by realisation of LDPC decoder by using simplified message passing algorithm and partially parallel decoder architecture. Simplified message passing algorithm has been proposed for trade-off between low decoding complexity and decoder performance. It greatly reduces the routing and check node complexity of the decoder. Partially parallel decoder architecture possesses high speed and reduced complexity. The improved design of the decoder possesses a maximum symbol throughput of 92.95 Mbps and a maximum of 18 decoding iterations. The article presents implementation of 9216 bits, rate-1/2, (3, 6) LDPC decoder on Xilinx XC3D3400A device from Spartan-3A DSP family.     

Correction of extrinsic information for iterative decoding in a serially concatenated multiuser DS-CDMA system

The system under study is a coded asynchronous DS-CDMA system with orthogonal modulation in time-varying Rayleigh fading multipath channels. Information bits are convolutionally encoded, block interleaved, and mapped to M-ary orthogonal Walsh codes, where the last step is essentially a process of block coding. This paper aims at tackling the problem of joint iterative decoding of this serially concatenated inner block code and outer convolutional code and estimating frequency-selective fading channels in multiuser environments. The (logarithm) maximum a posteriori probability, (Log)-MAP criterion is used to derive the iterative decoding schemes. In our system, the soft output from inner block decoder is used as a priori information for the outer decoder. The soft output from outer convolutional decoder is used for two purposes. First, it may be fed back to the inner decoder as extrinsic information for the systematic bits of the Walsh codeword. Secondly, it is utilized for channel estimation and multiuser detection (MUD). We also show that the inner decoding can be accomplished without extrinsic information, and in some cases, e.g., when the system is heavily loaded, yields better performance than the decoding with unprocessed extrinsic information. This implies the need for correcting the extrinsic information obtained from outer decoder. Different schemes are examined and compared numerically, and it is shown that iterative decoding with properly corrected extrinsic information or with non-extrinsic/extrinsic adaptation enables the system to operate reliably in the presence of severe multiuser interference, especially when the inner decoding is assisted by decision directed channel estimation and interference cancellation techniques.     

映射信道信息的编码空时级联系统

传统的空时检测和卷积码级联译码方案将空时检测输出的信息仅作为编码的先验信息,这导致了信道译码过程中信息不能充分利用。通过将空时检测输出的先验信息映射为对应编码的信道信息,这使得信道译码器在译码过程中能够充分利用空时检测输出的所有信息,从而提高了译码性能。分析和仿真结果表明,所提的译码方案同传统方案相比,有效地降低了误比特率,使性能得到了较大的提高。