2-（1，6-二溴-2-萘氧甲基）-5-芳基-1，3，4-噁二唑类化合物的合成与表征

以碳酸钠作缚酸剂，1，6-二溴-2-萘氧乙酰肼（2）与芳酰氯反应制得N，N＇-二酰基肼，后者在voch作用下，脱水环化成2-（1，6-二溴-2-萘氧甲基）-5-芳基-1，3，4-噁二唑类化合物。其结构经元素分析、IR、1^HNMB和MS表征。     

1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4'-硝基苯基偶氮)苯的合成及表征

以对硝基苯胺、亚硝酸钠、2,5-二甲基苯酚和正溴丁烷为原料,采用重氮-偶合反应方法,合成了一种含偶氮基团的非线性生色团有机分子:1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4'-硝基苯基偶氮)苯.分别用FTIR、UV-vis和XRD对其化学结构和性能进行了分析和表征.红外光谱图中2 930、2 860 cm-1处出现的-C4H9特征吸收峰和紫外光谱中400 nm左右出现的峰是-N=N-特征吸收峰,表明1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4'-硝基苯基偶氮)苯已成功合成.X射线衍射测试结果表明1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4'-硝基苯基偶氮)苯为液晶分子.该生色团分子的成功合成为研究高性能聚合物光折变材料体系提供了良好助剂.     

1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4′-硝基苯基偶氮)苯的合成及表征

以对硝基苯胺、亚硝酸钠、2,5-二甲基苯酚和正溴丁烷为原料,采用重氮-偶合反应方法,合成了一种含偶氮基团的非线性生色团有机分子:1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4′-硝基苯基偶氮)苯。分别用FTIR、UV-vis和XRD对其化学结构和性能进行了分析和表征。红外光谱图中2 930、2 860 cm-1处出现的—C4H9特征吸收峰和紫外光谱中400 nm左右出现的峰是—N N—特征吸收峰,表明1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4′-硝基苯基偶氮)苯已成功合成。X射线衍射测试结果表明1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-(4′-硝基苯基偶氮)苯为液晶分子。该生色团分子的成功合成为研究高性能聚合物光折变材料体系提供了良好助剂。     

3,5-二溴邻苯二胺的合成

对气相色谱法分析痕量硒最近已有评述。所用的试剂有4-硝基邻苯二胺、2,3-二氨基萘及1,4-二溴-2,3-二氨基萘、3,5-二溴邻苯二胺、4-三氟甲基邻苯二胺等。从前人对这些试剂与Se(Ⅳ)作用所生成的相应的苯并硒二唑(piazsetenol)的气相色谱性能的研究结果来看,其中3,5-二溴邻苯二胺与Se(IV)作用所生成的4,6-二溴苯并硒二唑在备有电子捕获检测器的气相色谱仪上灵敏度最高,稳定性能好。1,4-二溴-2,3-二氨基萘虽然灵敏度高,但应用酸度范围较窄,而2,3-二氨基萘则稳定性较差,灵敏度也较低。4-硝基邻苯二胺和与之可比拟的4-三氟甲基邻苯     

1-正-丁氧基-2，5-二甲基-4（4’-硝基苯基偶氮）苯的合成及表征

聚合物光折变材料是将光电功能和电光功能有机结合而呈现光折变效应的一种多功能组分材料。国内研究以偶氮分子作为非线性光生色团分子的聚合物光折变材料逐渐增多，但对1-正-丁氧基-2,5-二甲基-4-（4’-硝基苯基偶氮）苯非线性光生色团分子的制备及其表征鲜见报道。     

三唑酮原药中主要杂质的GC-MS定性研究

通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)的方法对三唑酮原药中的杂质进行了定性研究。从质谱图推断出杂质的可能结构，合成出了杂质标样。由保留时间及质谱图确认了三唑酮原药中的三个主要杂质为Ⅰ：1-(4-溴苯氧基)-3，3-二甲基-1-(1H-1，2，4-三氮唑-1-烷基)-2-丁酮；Ⅱ：1-(2，4-二氯苯氧基)-3，3-二甲基-1-(1H-1，2，4-三氮唑-1-烷基)-2-丁酮；Ⅲ：1，1-二(4-氯苯氧基)-3，3-二甲基-2-丁酮。     

8种新型7-胺基取代的1，4-二氢-3H-2，3-苯并噁嗪-3-甲酸乙酯衍生物的合成

1，4-二氢-3H-2，3-苯并噁嗪-3-甲酸乙酯经过硝化、还原和重氮化溴代得到了7-溴-1，4-二氢-3H-2，3-苯并噁嗪-3-甲酸乙酯（C）。以Pd（OAc）2／R（＋）BINAP（2，2＇-二苯膦-1，1’-联萘）为催化体系，C与苯胺、N-甲基苯胺、对氟苯胺、对乙氧基苯胺、环己胺、吗啡、四氢吡咯及六氢吡啶等8种有机胺类化合物（Amine1～8），在氮气保护下，以碳酸铯为碱于干燥的甲苯中100℃反应16～24h，生成了相应的8种新的7-胺基取代的1，4-二氢-3H-2，3-苯并噁嗪-3-甲酸乙酯类化合物（D1—8），反应收率分别为83％、85％、71％、90％、72％、63％、75％和83％。通过^1HNMR、质谱和元素分析对这些化合物的结构进行了表征。     

溴锑阻燃体系对PTT结构与性能的影响

采用十溴二苯乙烷、十溴二苯醚和三（三溴苯氧基）三嗪分别与三氧化二锑复配，经双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制备阻燃聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯（PTT）复合材料，研究了阻燃剂的种类和用量对PTT结构性能的影响。结果表明，三（三溴苯氧基）三嗪的阻燃效果最好，其用量为9％（质量分数，下同）即可使PTT达到阻燃UL94V0，且在PTT基体中分散均匀，对力学性能影响最小；十溴二苯乙烷和十溴二苯醚用量为12％时达到阻燃UL94 V0，两者以填料状态分散于PTT中，对PTT、结晶有成核作用，但力学性能降幅较大，十溴二苯醚与PTT相容性优于十溴二苯乙烷，分散性和力学性能高于后者。     

3-异丙基-6-溴苯并异噁唑及其衍生物的合成和研究

通过以2-氟-4-溴苯甲酸和N,O-二甲基盐酸羟胺等为原料,采用新的合成路线,经四步反应合成新型化合物3-异丙基-6-溴苯并异噁唑及其衍生物,反应产物经1H NMR、LC-MS、HPLC鉴定,总收率为40.9%,纯度为98%,该研究拓宽了苯并异噁唑化合物的研究领域,对于开发新的抗菌剂具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。     

5-氨基-2-（对氨基苯）苯并噁唑的合成

以2，4-二氨基苯酚盐酸盐和对氨基苯甲酸为原料合成了5-氨基-2-（对氨基苯）苯并噁唑。反应过程中，首次加入SnCl2作为还原剂，抑止了2，4-二氨基苯酚盐酸盐的氧化，有效地提高了反应产率。同时研究了一种有效的提纯5-氨基-2-（对氨基苯）苯并噁唑的方法。与其他方法相比，该方法操作过程简便，产率较高，产物可作为聚合反应的单体原料。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.