Partial purification and characterisation of banana [Musa (AAA Group) 'Gros Michel'] polyphenol oxidase

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) from pulp of banana [Musa (AAA Group) 'Gros Michel'] was extracted and precipitated with 80% saturated ammonium sulphate followed by conventional column chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 HR and fast protein liquid chromatography on Mono Q column. The lyophilised PPO obtained from Sephacryl S-200 HR column was used for characterisation and inhibition studies. The partially purified PPO obtained from the Mono Q column exhibited at least three isoenzymes. The banana PPO had optimum pH for activity at 7 and it was stable around the same pH. Only 48% of initial enzyme activity was lost after heating at 70 °C for 30 min. The enzyme was completely inhibited by 2 m m sodium metabisulphite, 2 m m l -cysteine, 4 m m ascorbic acid, and 100 m m 4-hexylresorcinol. The K _m and V _max of banana PPO for dopamine were 2.08 m m and 0.124 m m  min⁻¹ respectively.     

多酚氧化酶及超氧化物歧化酶与花生霉变的关系

探讨多酚氧化酶(PPO)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力变化与花生霉变进程的关系,为食品质量检测及食品的储藏安全提供理论依据。分别采用邻苯二酚显色法和邻苯三酚自氧化法测定PPO及SOD的酶活力。结果表明,PPO及SOD酶活均随着花生霉变进程变化而变化,呈现出特定的规律性。安全可食阶段的花生PPO酶活最高,而SOD酶活则最低。当花生微量长霉时,PPO酶活减少率为38.42%,而SOD酶活增加率则超过500%。这些数据可以作为花生是否霉变的评判依据。     

基于黄鲫蛋白肽制备南美白对虾多酚氧化酶抑制剂的研究

目的 以黄鲫蛋白肽(Half-fin anchovy hydrolysate peptides,HAHp)为基料复配抗坏血酸和茶多酚制备南美白对虾多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol oxidase,PPO)复合生物抑制剂(Composite biological inhibitor,CBI)。方法 以南美白对虾PPO抑制率为检测指标,分别研究HAHp、抗坏血酸、茶多酚、柠檬酸和EDTA-2Na单独抑制PPO活性,选取HAHp、抗坏血酸和茶多酚进行三因素三水平正交优化实验优化CBI配方组成,通过酶促动力学研究CBI对南美白对虾PPO的抑制模式。结果 HAHp、抗坏血酸、茶多酚、柠檬酸和EDTA-2Na对南美白对虾PPO都有一定的抑制作用,且有一定的剂量依赖性,但单一抑制剂对PPO的抑制作用有限。HAHp与天然抗氧化剂抗坏血酸和茶多酚复配,经(L9 33)正交试验优化CBI的最佳配方含有0.7%HAHp、0.02%抗坏血酸和0.20%茶多酚。经测定CBI对南美白对虾PPO抑制率达到94.71±0.46%,酶促动力学结果表明CBI是一种混合型抑制剂,通过降低南美白对虾PPO对底物亲和力实现抑制PPO活力。结论 以HAHp为基料复配抗坏血酸和茶多酚制备的CBI能够有效地抑制南美白对虾PPO活性,有望开发成一种防虾黑变的天然抑制剂,为南美白对虾天然保鲜剂的研究奠定了理论基础。