硫酸烧渣中铁浸取条件的研究及应用

以硫酸烧渣、废酸为原料制取铁系化工产品。通过硫酸烧渣的活化焙烧及硫酸浓度、固液比、浸取时间等关键工艺条件的研究，得到最佳浸取条件：即烧渣与活化剂质量配比4：1，固液比0．25～0．30g／mL，反应时间40～50min，酸度50％～60％。渣中铁浸取率达到95％以上，浸取液可以直接用于制备铁系产品。     

酒糟-硫酸浸取锰矿尾矿中锰制备硫酸锰工艺

以酒糟及锰矿尾矿为原料，对酒糟-硫酸直接浸取锰矿尾矿中的锰制备硫酸锰的工艺进行了研究，并用正交实验法对酒糟-硫酸浸锰的工艺条件进行了探讨。结果表明，浓硫酸用量对锰的浸出率影响最大，其最佳工艺条件为：V（酸）：m（矿）=4：5（mL/g），m（尾矿）：m（酒糟）=（15～25）：1，液固质量比为5：1，浸取时间为3—3．5h，浸取温度为80～85℃。按该工艺条件浸取锰矿尾矿中锰，锰的浸出率可达96％以上。采用酒糟-硫酸直接浸取锰矿尾矿中锰的工艺，对资源利用和环境保护具有重要意义。     

煤矸石中铝的浸取实验研究

本文研究了影响煤矸石中铝的浸取的主要因素，实验表明，焙烧温度、焙烧时间、酸的浓度、酸浸时间、浸取温度对煤矸石中铝的浸取率有明显影响，提出了硫酸法浸取铝的最佳条件：焙烧温度750℃，焙烧时间3．5小时，硫酸的浓度为2O％，酸浸温度为90℃，最佳酸浸时间为1小时。     

微波辅助乙醇浸提甘草废渣黄酮的研究

采用微波辅助乙醇浸取工艺从甘草废渣中提取总黄酮。研究了各种因素对黄酮提取率的影响。实验结果确定最佳工艺条件为：预泡时间1h,固液比1：18,微波功率420W,乙醇浓度70％（wt）,微波时间50s,微波次数1次。在此条件下,最大黄酮提取率为4．0807％。     

常压酸浸铁闪锌矿制取硫酸锌工艺研究

运用正交设计优化试验法，研究了常压浓硫酸浸取铁闪锌矿制取硫酸锌的工艺条件，发现温度为１５０－１８０℃，硫酸浓度为４０－６０％，浸取时间为２小时，锌浸取率达９０％以上。     

双酸法提取硫铁矿烧渣中铁

应用硫酸-盐酸混酸浸出回收硫铁矿烧渣中的铁,探讨了主要因素对铁浸取率的影响,确定了最佳浸取条件。结果表明,各因素对铁浸取率影响的显著性为:硫酸浓度>盐酸用量>浸取时间>硫酸过量系数;提高反应体系温度,增加盐酸用量均能提高铁的浸取率,而硫酸浓度、反应时间以及硫酸过量系数对铁浸取率存在最佳值。在反应体系沸腾温度为118~125℃,浸取时间为3 h,硫酸浓度为50%~60%,盐酸用量为0.25ml·(g烧渣)^-1,硫酸过量系数为1.2的条件下,硫酸烧渣中铁的浸取率达到93.1%,明显高于单一酸的浸取率,提高了铁的资源综合利用率。     

富锰渣中湿法浸取锰工艺

对富锰渣湿法浸取硫酸锰的工艺进行了研究,在分析富锰渣性质及浸取机理的基础上,先通过单因素实验确定浸取温度、浸取时间、硫酸浓度各自的最适条件,然后利用响应面法对富锰渣湿法浸取硫酸锰工艺的浸取条件进行优化。方差分析结果显示浸取温度为95℃、硫酸浓度为21%、浸取时间为3小时的条件下,浸取效果最佳,锰的浸出率可达到96.75%。     

高炉瓦斯泥中有价金属锌和铋的回收利用

以高炉炼铁瓦斯泥为原料，采用湿法浸取回收其中的有价金属锌、铋以制备氧化锌和氯氧化铋。考察了一些主要因素对锌、铋浸取过程的影响，确定了浸取的最佳工艺条件。锌浸取过程最佳工艺条件：浸取温度50℃，氨水质量浓度0．1406g／mL，碳酸氢铵质量浓度0．0998g／mL，液固比3mL／g，浸取时间120min。铋浸取过程最佳工艺条件：浸取温度50℃，硫酸质量浓度0．1292g／mL，氯化钠质量浓度0．0361g／mL，液固比8．2mL／g，浸取时间60min。在此条件下，锌、铋的收率分别为70．0％和72．0％，产品氧化锌、氯氧化铋的质量分数分别达98％和92％以上。开发出一种从钢铁冶金企业瓦斯泥中回收利用有价金属锌和铋的二次资源综合利用的方法。     

金莲花有效药用成分提取研究

采用微波辅助水提法从金莲花中提取有效药用成分总黄酮。通过单因素和正交法实验研究了各种因素对黄酮提取率的影响。实验结果确定最佳工艺条件为：微波功率560w、辐照时间40s、固液比1：40、辐照次数2次,最大黄酮提取率为24．19％。     

微波辐照对铁粉酸溶的影响

文章通过实验研究了微波辐照对铁粉在硫酸溶液中溶解过程的影响。实验结果表明,铁粉经过微波辐照预处理,对于后续的酸溶过程有显著的促进作用;铁粉在微波辐照下在硫酸溶液中的溶解速度随着微波输出功率的增大而增加。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。