初始几何缺陷对仓壁柱承钢筒仓稳定性能的影响

仓筒壁直接支承于支柱是小型钢筒仓的一种简单、经济的支承方式。薄壳结构通常对初始几何缺陷十分敏感。引入周向轴对称焊缝凹陷和特征值屈曲模态两种缺陷形式,通过几何非线性分析,研究初始缺陷对轴压下仓壁柱承筒仓稳定性能的影响。研究表明,周向焊缝凹陷会显著降低结构的屈曲荷载,且与焊缝位置密切相关,而特征值模态缺陷只有在支柱接近仓顶时才会显著影响其屈曲强度。     

仓壁柱承钢筒仓结构行为的研究

仓筒壁直接支承于支柱是小型钢筒仓一种简单、经济的支承方式。采用数值分析方法,包括线性应力分析、线性特征值屈曲分析及几何非线性分析,对这类仓壁柱承钢筒仓的结构行为、特别对其稳定性能进行了系统研究。分析了仓筒径厚比、支柱伸入仓筒的高度、支柱宽度等几何参数对结构性能的影响。研究表明,支柱伸入高度是影响仓壁柱承筒仓屈曲强度的主要因素,屈曲模态也与之密切相关。为提高仓壁柱承筒仓的承载能力,支柱应尽可能地延伸至仓筒的顶部,这种支柱伸至仓顶檐梁的构造可用于大中型筒仓结构。     

钢塔架在风荷载作用下的受力与变形

本文利用有限元计算程序，对高层建筑上安装的钢塔架在风荷载作用下的受力及变形进行了有限元计算，计算模型中采用了杆单元，梁单元以及边界凶等三种单元形式，通过对计算结果分析，找出该结构存在的设计隐患，为此，对原结构形式进行了改进，收到了良好的较果。     

往复荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟

准确预测地震荷载下钢筋混凝土柱的受力性能,对评估震后混凝土框架结构及桥梁结构的安全性和震害损失具有重要意义。由于复杂的材料性能和受力行为,地震作用下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的准确计算目前仍需主要借助数值模拟,并且对数值模型中混凝土和钢筋材料的滞回本构关系提出了更高的精度要求。该文基于纤维分析模型,采用更加完善的反复荷载下钢筋和混凝土的本构,编制了可精确分析钢筋混凝土杆系结构及构件在往复荷载下受力性能的计算程序,并对不同轴压比和不同配筋率的2根压弯柱试件进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

化爆荷载作用下波纹钢集装箱结构受力分析

民用集装箱以其轻质高强，标准化程度高，使用方便等优点在和平时期具有广泛的用途，在战争时期若对其进行合理的结构加固，它可作为一种非常理想且资源极广的人员掩蔽部。通过建立集装箱主要构件－正交异性波纹钢板的材料模型。     

往复何荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟

准确预测地震荷载下钢筋混凝土柱的受力性能,对评估震后混凝土框架结构及桥梁结构的安全性和震害损失具有重要意义.由于复杂的材料性能和受力行为,地震作用下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的准确计算目前仍需主要借助数值模拟,并且对数值模型中混凝土和钢筋材料的滞回本构关系提出了更高的精度要求.该文基于纤维分析模型,采用更加完善的反复荷载下钢筋和混凝土的本构,编制了可精确分析钢筋混凝土杆系结构及构件在往复荷载下受力性能的计算程序,并对不同轴压比和不同配筋率的2根压弯柱试件进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好.     

长期风荷载作用下冷却塔失效分析的数学模型

本文基于广义样条子域法，在合理构造冷却域计算模型的基础上，建立了研究长期风荷载作用下冷却失效机理分析的数学模型。该模型采用矩阵逆摄动法考虑长期风荷载作用下冷却塔的失效过程。并通过引入一个“区域失效系数”来判断各区域的失效程度，为冷却塔在长期风荷载作用下的失峁机理分析奠定了理论基础。     

压弯剪作用下钢筋混凝土柱荷载-变形分析

为研究不同破坏模式下钢筋混凝土柱的受力机理及性能,该文提出能够考虑压弯剪相互作用的钢筋混凝土柱荷载-变形分析模型。以修正压力场理论及传统纤维截面分析法为基础,将柱受力过程分为弯曲控制及剪切控制两个阶段,分别对控制截面受拉区和受压区进行分析,同时考虑了纵筋受压屈曲及P-Δ效应的影响,进而得到柱水平受剪承载力及其变形。最后,为验证模型的有效性,对所收集的拟静力试验柱进行了模拟。结果表明,压弯剪作用下钢筋混凝柱会表现出弯曲、弯剪及剪切三种不同的破坏模式,其荷载-变形性能差异较大,采用该文所提模型所得计算曲线与试验结果吻合较好,该模型能够被用于钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能分析。     

钢梁—钢筋混凝土桩节点在低周反复荷载作用下受力性能的试验研究

近年来，随着我国高层建筑的飞速发展，建筑结构弛呈出百花齐放的局面。作为百花当中的一枝，钢－砼组合结构体系在建筑结构和道桥结构中被大量使用。对于钢梁－砼板的受力性能研究，国内外已进行了很多并已见请诸于规范。     

关于高耸钢塔架风荷载的探讨

通过对山顶上高38．5m的三钢管钢塔架的设计，比较风荷载取值在新旧规范中的差异，阐述了高耸结构风荷载下的受力特点，并给出其内力差别。     

受轴压黏弹性层合圆柱壳的极值点蠕变失稳

基于Donnell薄壳理论, 采用准弹性方法, 分析了含初始几何缺陷黏弹性层合圆柱壳极值点形式的延迟失稳特征。由轴向缩短量的突然增加定义失稳临界时间, 对玻璃纤维/环氧树脂层合圆柱壳进行了数值计算。结果表明: 圆柱壳存在临界时间趋于无穷的持久临界荷载; 表征延迟失稳程度的瞬时弹性临界荷载与持久临界荷载之差值随着初始几何缺陷的增加而减小; 边界条件、 铺设方式对延迟失稳的影响机制可通过对应弹性层合圆柱壳的缺陷敏感性分析来考察。      

风荷载下单层柱面网壳的动力稳定

以一单层柱面网壳为例,利用Budiansky-Roth准则研究空间结构在风荷载下的动力稳定性。介绍了Budiansky-Roth准则,通过风洞试验获得单层柱面网壳上的风荷载并研究其动力稳定性,讨论了初始几何缺陷、风向角和风压系数的影响,并将动力失稳分析结果与我国规范和阵风响应因子法（GRF法）计算动力响应导致结构破坏的方法作了比较。研究结果表明,空间结构进行风荷载下的稳定性设计时有必要研究其在风荷载下的动力稳定性。     

Performance‐based design sensitivity analysis of steel moment frames under earthquake loading

A performance‐based design sensitivity analysis procedure for inelastic steel moment frameworks under equivalent static earthquake loading is presented in this paper. Analytical formulations defining the sensitivity of displacements to modifications in member sizes are derived based on a load‐control pushover analysis procedure. Material non‐linearity under bending moment is alone accounted. Although the formulations were derived based on continuous design variables, they are readily extended to the case of discrete design variables. A 3‐storey moment frame example illustrates the applicability and accuracy of the developed methodology. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An experimental investigation into the buckling and post-buckling of CFRP shells under combined axial and torsion loading

The results of an experimental study of the buckling and post-buckling behaviour of four unstiffened thin-walled CFRP cylindrical shells are presented. The test equipment allows axial and torsion loading, applied separately and in combination, using a position control mode, and includes a laser scanning system for the measurement in situ of the geometric imperfection as well as of the progressive change in deformations. The results identify the effect of laminate orientation, show that the buckling loads are essentially independent of load sequence and demonstrate that the shells are able to sustain load in the post-buckling field without any damage. The measured data are fundamental for the development and validation of analytical and numerical models and contribute to the definition of applicable strength design criteria of composite cylindrical shells in the post-buckling field, with the final aim of a larger structure weight saving.     

Buckling of thin‐walled cylindrical shells under axial compression

Lightweight thin‐walled cylindrical shells subjected to external loads are prone to buckling rather than strength failure. The buckling of an axially compressed shell is studied using analytical, numerical and semi‐empirical models. An analytical model is developed using the classical shell small deflection theory. A semi‐empirical model is obtained by employing experimental correction factors based on the available test data in the theoretical model. Numerical model is built using ANSYS finite element analysis code for the same shell. The comparison reveals that the analytical and numerical linear model results match closely with each other but are higher than the empirical values. To investigate this discrepancy, non‐linear buckling analyses with large deflection effect and geometric imperfections are carried out. These analyses show that the effects of non‐linearity and geometric imperfections are responsible for the mismatch between theoretical and experimental results. The effect of shell thickness, radius and length variation on buckling load and buckling mode has also been studied. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于有限振动信号的某移动天线有限元风荷载动力反应分析

提出了一种现场实测的有限振动信号与结构有限元模型模拟分析相结合的方法来获得结构（天线）在实际风荷载作用下的动力反应,即首先测试结构在脉动风荷载作用下的有限振动信号,如：加速度时程和频谱曲线,然后通过结构运动方程模拟出脉动风荷载时程并施加到结构有限元模型中,通过有限元计算求出模拟风荷载与实际风荷载之间的修正系数k,最后把修正后的风荷载时程再次施加到有限元模型中进而得出结构在实际脉动风荷载作用下的内力。通过比较,有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,为结构在脉动风荷载作用下的全过程反应分析提供了一种简便方法。     

Nonlinear Response of Imperfect Eccentrically Stiffened Ceramic-Metal-Ceramic Sigmoid Functionally Graded Material (S-FGM) Thin Circular Cylindrical Shells Surrounded on Elastic Foundations Under Uniform Radial Load

This article researches nonlinear response of imperfect eccentrically stiffened symmetric FGM thin circular cylindrical shells with ceramic-metal-ceramic layers, which are symmetric through the middle surface by Sigmoid-law distribution (S-FGM) and have stiffeners surrounded on elastic foundations under uniform radial load. The Donnell classical shell theory, stress function, and Galerkin method are used for investigation of the nonlinear stability of the S-FGM shell. The obtained results show the effects of the stiffeners, elastic foundations, mechanical load, and material parameters on the nonlinear buckling response of symmetric S-FGM circular cylindrical shells.     

Specification of design wind loads in India

Codes in current use in India for specifying design wind loads for structures are analysed, and shown to be inconsistent with available data on extremes. Thus, it is found that while the National Building Code specifies the highest wind loads on the east coast and western Gujarat, the observed extreme winds are highest in the eastern Gangetic valley. As the consequences of under-specification can be serious, a careful re-examination of the code seems called for. It is argued that although the available data on extremes may not be complete, they provide a more rational basis for formulating a building code; as wind loads become more important in construction engineering a serious effort at generating and analysing the required meteorological data seems highly worthwhile. However, procedures followed elsewhere for predicting extreme winds and the nature of gusts need to be validated for the country. In addition there is also a need to study certain meteorological phenomena peculiar to the Indian subcontinent like the duststorms and the nor’westers of north India. The work reported here was carried out under a project “Design, Fabrication and Testing of a 10,000 litres/hour Windpump”, financed and administered by the Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. An erratum to this article is available at .     

直筒-锥段型钢结构冷却塔平均风荷载及静风响应分析

作为一种新颖的典型风敏感结构,直筒-锥段型钢结构冷却塔的动力特性和风致受力性能亟待研究。以国内拟建的某超大型钢结构冷却塔(189 m)为例,基于有限元方法分别建立主筒、主筒+加强桁架、主筒+加强桁架+附属桁架(铰接)、主筒+加强桁架+附属桁架(固接)四种钢结构冷却塔模型,并对比分析其动力特性及传力路径;然后基于计算流体动力学(CFD)技术进行直筒-锥段型冷却塔表面平均风荷载数值模拟,有分别加载规范和数值模拟风压对四种模型进行风致响应分析,对比研究增设加强桁架、附属桁架及与主筒和地面不同连接方式对直筒-锥段型钢结构冷却塔动力特性和静风响应的影响。主要研究结论可为我国此类超大型钢结构冷却塔的结构选型和抗风设计提供依据。