反应火焰喷涂Mo-FeB-Fe系金属陶瓷涂层的制备及性能

以Mo粉、FeB合金粉、Fe粉为原料,将混合粉末在900℃下真空热处理2h,破碎,过75μm筛制备喷涂喂料;采用反应火焰喷涂技术在Q235钢表面制备Mo2FeB2金属陶瓷涂层。将反应热喷涂制备的涂层在真空炉中1000℃下热处理5h,测试涂层的性能。结果表明：在室温球磨15h后粉体中有Fe2B生成,在900℃下烧结后破碎的喷涂粉末中有部分三元硼化物（Mo2FeB2）生成;涂层由占主体的Mo2FeB2和α-Fe相和少量Fe2O3、FeO相及气孔组成。在涂层和基体的结合面处,存在由高硬度涂层到低硬度钢基体的过渡区;涂层和基体的结合强度为32.73MPa,抗热震次数可以达到43次左右,耐磨性比钢基体提高5.28倍;涂层经过1000℃真空扩散热处理后,具有更加优异的力学性能。     

Atmospheric plasma deposition of glass coatings on aluminum

The deposition and properties of glass coatings on aluminum was investigated using atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The plasma, generated with radio frequency power at 27.12 MHz, was fed helium, oxygen and two types of silicon precursors, hexamethyldisilazane and tetraethylorthosilicate. After deposition, the coatings were analyzed for composition, adhesion and dielectric strength. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the glass coatings contained approximately 25% silicon, 50% oxygen and 25% carbon. Scratch tests indicated that the coatings were strongly adherent to the substrates. The glass coatings achieved DC dielectric strengths in between 50 and 250 V for a thickness range of 0.5 to 1.3 μm. The maximum breakdown voltage measured was 400 V. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that breakdown occurred at cracks and other defects in the coatings. These defects appeared to form around areas of surface roughness and contamination.     

Corrosion stability of epoxy coatings on aluminum pretreated by vinyltriethoxysilane

The electrochemical and transport properties and adhesion of epoxy coatings electrodeposited on aluminum pretreated by vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) were investigated during exposure to 3% NaCl. The VTES films were deposited on aluminum surface from 2% and 5% vinyltriethoxysilane solution. The electrochemical results showed that the pretreatment based on VTES film deposited from 5% solution provides enhanced barrier properties and excellent corrosion protection. The values of diffusion coefficient of water through epoxy coating on this substrate and water content inside the epoxy coating were the smallest, indicating the low porosity of the coating. In addition, the good adhesion was maintained throughout the whole investigated time period.     

Mesoscopic Monte Carlo simulations of microstructure and conductivity of ZrO2–glass composites

Zirconia-based refractories are ceramics that serve as furnaces for the production of high-quality speciality glasses. These materials are obtained by cooling a melt composed of different oxides and oxide precursors. The microstructure of these refractories consists of monoclinic zirconia embedded in a three-dimensional interconnected amorphous phase. Using mesoscopic Monte Carlo simulations, the present paper addresses the effect of the amount of amorphous phase and temperature on the microstructure of the material. The simulated microstructures resemble those obtained using tomography experiments. A theoretical model describing the electrical behavior of the material as a function of temperature and composition is also reported. In this model, the conductivity of the ZrO₂ particles is assumed to be constant, but the overall conductivity of the sample depends on its tortuosity τ. Comparison with experimental data suggests that the present model provides a realistic picture of the electrical behavior of zirconia-based ceramics and leads to quantitative predictions.     

铝基表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-TiO2-Ta涂层的制备及防腐性能

采用等离子喷涂技术在铝基表面构建Al₂O₃-TiO₂涂层和Al₂O₃-TiO₂-Ta涂层。由于钽元素的引入,Al₂O₃-TiO₂-Ta涂层表面形貌更均匀、致密。同时钽金属具有极强的耐酸碱特性,因此,Al₂O₃-TiO₂-Ta涂层相对于Al₂O₃-TiO₂涂层具有更强的耐腐蚀性。Tafel曲线结果显示,Al₂O₃-TiO₂涂层使得基体的腐蚀电位仅正移了99.6 mV,Al₂O₃-TiO₂-Ta涂层使得铝基体腐蚀电位正移了208.9 mV。因此,由于耐蚀性极强的Ta金属的掺入,Al₂O₃-TiO₂涂层的防腐性得到了极大的增强,Al₂O₃-TiO₂-Ta涂层有效地防止铝合金腐蚀。     

Degradation of basalt fibre and glass fibre/epoxy resin composites in seawater

Epoxy resins reinforced, respectively, by basalt fibres and glass fibres were treated with a seawater solution for different periods of time. Both the mass gain ratio and the strength maintenance ratio of the composites were examined after the treatment. The fracture surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The tensile and bending strengths of the seawater treated samples showed a decreasing trend with treating time. In general, the anti-seawater corrosion property of the basalt fibre reinforced composites was almost the same as that of the glass fibre reinforced ones. Based on the experimental results, possible corrosion mechanisms were explored, indicating that an effective lowering of the Fe²⁺ content in the basalt fibre could lead to a higher stability for the basalt fibre reinforced composites in a seawater environment.     

Influence of AlN addition on thermal and mechanical properties of cordierite-based glass/ceramic composites

Cordierite-based glass/ceramic composites doped with different volume fractions of AlN particles were successfully prepared by hot-pressing process. Thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were also investigated. Results show that the thermal conductivity, the flexural strength and fracture toughness of cordierite-based glass/AlN composites increase with increasing AlN content. The thermal conductivity of the composite doped with 50 vol.% AlN reaches 6.5 W/m K. By incorporation of 40 vol.% AlN, the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites increase 81 and 139% compared to the unreinforced cordierite-based glass matrix, respectively. XRD analysis indicated that no chemical reaction occurred between cordierite-based glass and AlN. The main strengthening and toughening mechanisms is load transfer and crack deflection.     

Filiform corrosion attack on pretreated aluminum alloy with tailored surface of epoxy coating

In the study, on the basis of material analysis of 6016 aluminum alloy widely used in Europe automotive industry, the influences of surface pretreatment on filiform corrosion and adhesion of epoxy coating/aluminum alloy interface were investigated, and the effect of rolling direction and coating property on filiform corrosion was also examined. The alloy surfaces were pretreated with etching solution, and then, respectively, with Aminopropyl silane solution, Aminopropyl phosphonate solution, and hexamethyldisiloxane plasma.The results showed that the susceptibility of pretreated surface to filiform corrosion was basically consistent with the distribution of intermetallic particles, and that water permeation and the tensility of coating were necessary for filament to grow. HMDSO plasma pretreatment could not only efficiently cover the matrix of 6016 aluminum alloy and cathodic intermetallic particles containing Al, Si, Mn, and Fe, but also apparently promote the adhesion of epoxy coating/aluminum alloy, as a result, the specimens with plasma pretreatment exhibited the superior performance in the filiform corrosion and peeling tests, so it was suitable to apply for the pretreatment of aluminum alloy in automotive industry.     

Carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composite: Correlation between state of nanotube dispersion and Zener tunneling parameters

Carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composites with different levels of nanotube dispersion in the polymer matrix were prepared. The effects of nanotube dispersion on tunneling conductive behavior of such composites were investigated. The composites with homogeneous nanotube dispersion were found to exhibit larger static electrical conductivity and smaller percolation threshold than those with poorer nanotube dispersion. In addition, uniformly dispersed nanotubes induced strong Zener effect under the application of an electric field. The static conductivity and Zener tunneling parameters were shown to be good indicators for the state of nanotube dispersion.     

Microstructure and wear properties of aluminum/aluminum-silicon composite coatings prepared by cold spraying

Composite coatings containing aluminum and aluminum-11.6 wt.% silicon eutectic alloy phases of varying compositions were fabricated using cold spraying. Coating contained a uniform distribution of the two phases. The hardness of the coatings increased as the volume fraction of Al-Si in the coating increased. The length to width ratio of the splats was found to be larger for Al particles compared to Al-Si particles. Dry sliding ball-on-plate wear tests indicated that the wear volume loss was similar for the Al and Al/Al-Si composite coatings in spite of the increase in microhardness. This discrepancy is explained by the inter-splat delamination mechanism. The coefficient of friction of aluminum coating reduced on Al-Si addition.     

铝合金表面电弧喷涂铝涂层工艺与性能

采用电弧喷涂工艺在6061铝合金基体表面喷涂高纯铝涂层,利用金相显微镜对涂层的组织进行观察,分析了基体与涂层的结合方式,测量了涂层的孔隙率.并采用质量分数为5%的NaCl溶液浸泡试验、盐雾试验和电化学试验,检验了涂层的耐腐蚀性.结果表明,利用电弧喷涂技术可以在6061铝合金基体表面形成均匀、致密、孔隙率低、结合良好的高纯铝涂层;高纯铝涂层耐腐蚀性较好,对铝合金基体起到了保护作用,涂层经过封孔工艺处理后保护作用更好.     

Preparation and corrosion resistance of short basalt fiber/7075 aluminum composite

Aiming at the problem of poor corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy drill pipe materials in an alkaline environment, an innovative short basalt fiber/aluminum composite is prepared by vacuum hot-press sintering technique. Also, the corrosion behavior of the composites is investigated by hydrogen evolution and electrochemical tests. The results show that the corrosion resistance of 7075 aluminum alloy is significantly improved after adding 1.0 wt% short basalt fiber. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the main component of basalt fiber, SiO₂, reacts with the aluminum matrix to produce a large amount of Al₂O₃. Meanwhile, Si atoms diffuse into the metal melt. This reaction improves the strength and density of the oxide film of the composite material, thereby improving its corrosion resistance.     

Effect of the spraying process on the microstructure and tribological properties of bronze-alumina composite coatings

In the present paper, aluminum bronze-alumina composite coatings have been applied on mild steel substrate using conventional plasma spray and a new route based on cold spray techniques. The microstructure, phase distribution, microhardness, adhesion strength and tribological behavior of the composite coatings, consisting of alumina reinforcing phase distributed in a bronze matrix, were studied. Ball-on-disk dry sliding wear tests, Rubber Wheel tests and Erosion tests were conducted to examine the tribological behavior of the composite coatings. The tribological properties of the bronze coatings were improved by the addition of alumina. Friction coefficient of coatings depends strongly on the reinforcing particles content and spraying process. Wear mechanisms of the composite coatings, such as ploughing and particle delamination, were considered. In the case of abrasive wear test, the wear rate was greatly reduced due to the reinforcing ceramic particles. Relationships between size and volume fraction of the ceramic reinforcement Al₂O₃ and the wear rate are discussed. On the other hand, erosion wear behavior of coatings with higher bronze content showed the best results.     

镁合金表面铝涂层研究新进展

对镁合金表面沉积铝涂层这一镁合金表面处理的新技术进行了总结,分析了传统镁合金表面处理的优缺点以及在镁合金表面沉积铝涂层的优势.最新的在镁合金表面沉积铝涂层的工艺主要有铝粉埋覆扩散法、铝粉刷涂埋覆扩散法、火焰喷涂热扩散法、电弧喷涂热压法、动态金属喷镀法.在对以上沉积原理的分析和理解的基础上,详细阐述了镁合金表面铝涂层的耐蚀机理,并指出了该技术的应用前景和制约其发展的主要因素.     

Development of electrically conductive plasma sprayed coatings on glass ceramic substrates

The production of functional coatings on glass or glass ceramic substrates is of outstanding interest in modern product development due to the specific thermophysical properties of glasses, like low or even negative CTE, low heat conductivity and high dimensional stability. Atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) is an adequate technology for the deposition of a wide variety of materials on glasses and opens new application fields for thermal spraying technology in engineering and consumer industries.Metals are the frequent solution to produce electrically conductive layers in thermal spraying operations. Concerning applications with glass ceramic as a substrate, an intermediate oxide ceramic coating is applied before depositing the metallic layer, so that the distribution of residual stresses in the composite caused during and after the deposition process due to the mismatch in the materials thermophysical properties is minimized. However, the electrical properties required for the developed coatings presented in this paper can be fulfilled using other spraying materials, like mixed phases of oxide ceramics and metal powders, or pure ceramic materials. In this way, mono-layer electrically conductive systems which ensure the required stability and adhesion of the coating can be developed, reducing as well production time and costs.In the proposed approach, the three systems, metal oxide layer-composites, ceramic-metal mixed layers and ceramic mono-layers as conductive coatings on glass ceramics were thermally sprayed with APS. The coatings were characterized in terms of residual stress distribution and electrical conductivity. The influence of the process parameters on the coating electrical and mechanical properties was analyzed using the design of experiments (DOE) methodology.     

Coatability and characterization of fly ash deposited on mild steel by detonation spraying

Recently, considerable emphasis has been placed on the processing of low-grade ore minerals through thermal spray techniques. In the present investigation, the suitability of detonation spray system for coating fly ash onto a mild steel substrate has been demonstrated. Resultant coatings are 2–3 times harder than the substrate material and also exhibit a 3-fold reduction in coefficient of friction under sliding wear conditions. However, these coatings exhibit poor sliding wear resistance.     

深冷处理对Al2O3陶瓷颗粒纤维增强铝基复合材料的影响

采用预制件挤压铸造制备出Al2O3颗粒纤维双相增强Al基复合材料，采用X衍射仪和扫描电镜研究深冷处理对其显微组织及性能的影响。结果表明：复合材料经深冷处理后虽然硬度下降，但其抗拉强度提高，并表现出某些脆性断裂的特征。这与深冷处理前后Si相的变化有关。     

镁合金表面电弧喷涂铝涂层在氯离子中的腐蚀行为

采用电弧喷涂技术在镁合金AZ91基材表面制备铝涂层.通过5(质量分数,%)NaCl溶液浸泡试验和盐雾试验,考察了镁合金表面铝涂层在氯离子中的耐蚀性能及其腐蚀行为.利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析技术对涂层形貌、显微组织结构和相组成进行了研究.结果表明,封孔处理后的试样耐蚀性能有较大提高,未封孔的涂层试样腐蚀比原始镁合金更严重.     

Electrochemical characterization and CFD simulation of flow-assisted corrosion of aluminum alloy in ethylene glycol-water solution

An impingement jet system was used to study flow-assisted corrosion (FAC) of 3003 aluminum (Al) alloy in ethylene glycol-water solutions that simulates the automotive coolant by corrosion potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The effects of solution pH and fluid impact angle on Al FAC were determined. An increase of solution pH enhances the activity of Al due to dissolution of Al oxide film in alkaline environment. Moreover, Al activity decreases with the increasing fluid impact angle to the specimen. A CFD simulation shows that, with the increase of impact angle, the electrode area under high-velocity flow field decreases and that under low-velocity flow field increases. Consequently, the shear stress generated on electrode surface and the resultant mechanical effect on electrode activity decreases. Therefore, the electrode is more stable than that impacted at a smaller impact angle. There is an essential role of fluid hydrodynamics in corrosion of Al electrode, which is confirmed by corrosion potential and EIS measurements as well as CFD analysis.     

Preparation and characterization of Ce-silane-ZrO2 composite coatings on 1060 aluminum

In order to improve the property of traditional Ce-based conversion coatings, Ce-silane-ZrO₂ composite coatings were successfully prepared on 1060 aluminum. The microstructure, chemical element composition and corrosion resistance of Ce-based conversion coatings and Ce-silane-ZrO₂ composite coatings were investigated by SEM, AFM, XPS and EIS analyses. Stacking structure of the composite coating can be observed. The inner layer of the composite coatings mainly consists of oxide and hydroxide of Ce(III), and the silane network is composed of the outer layer together with a small amount of Ce(IV) hydroxide. By adding silane and ZrO₂ nanoparticles into Ce-based conversion coatings, the porosity and the micro cracks of the coatings decrease apparently accompanying with the improvement of the corrosion resistance.