乙醇法提取黑胡椒油树脂的研究

设计正交试验研究乙醇法提取黑胡椒油树脂的工艺条件,考查了乙醇浓度、料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间以及原料粒度对黑胡椒油树脂提取率的影响。试验结果表明：在乙醇浓度为85％,原料粒度为80目,料液比为1：10（g／mL）,浸提时间为3．5h,浸提温度为65℃工艺条件下,黑胡椒油树脂提取率为10．32％。     

山竹壳中原花青素提取分级及抗氧化活性的研究

从提取溶剂及提取条件等方面对山竹壳中原花青素提取工艺进行优化研究。通过提取溶剂、提取温度、提取时间、料液比、乙醇溶液酸碱度5个单因素试验，采用响应面分析法，分析乙醇溶液酸碱度、浸提时间、浸提温度和料液比之间的交互作用以及对原花青素提取率的影响，建立数学模型，得出最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度的体积分数为60％，浸提温度60℃，浸提时间66min，料液比1：19，乙醇溶液的酸碱度为3．7，原花青素提取率质量分数为5．94％。同时采用不同有机溶剂分级山竹壳提取液，测定不同溶剂相自由基的清除率。     

元宝枫叶总黄酮的提取研究

用乙醇作为溶剂，采用常规浸提法及超声辅助法对元宝枫叶总黄酮的提取进行了对比研究。通过单因素及正交试验结果得到浸提法的优化条件为：溶剂为体积分数50％的乙醇溶液，料液比1g：25mL，提取时间1．5h，浸提温度70℃。按照此条件提取两次，第一次提取率94．16％，第二次1．36％；超声辅助法的优化条件为：溶剂为体积分数50％的乙醇溶液，料液比1g：15mL，提取时间0．5h，浸提温度60℃。按照此条件提取两次，第一次提取率为96．29％，第二次提取率为3．11％．     

竹叶叶绿素锌钠最佳制备工艺条件的确定

本文通过单因素实验和正交实验研究了叶绿素锌钠的最佳制备工艺条件，分别为：浸提次数均为两次，且每次两小时；5％氢氧化钠浸提液体积比1：4；提取温度62℃；混合溶剂体积比(95％乙醇：石油醚)为1：5，ZnSO4浓度为10％，VZnso4；皂化液为1：1，料液比为1：15，锌代环境酸性为pH0．72。．     

醇洗大豆浓缩蛋白副产物糖蜜中提取大豆异黄酮的研究

以醇洗大豆浓缩蛋白副产物糖蜜为原料,在对浸提溶剂单因素实验的基础上,优选丙酮作溶剂从糖蜜中提取大豆异黄酮。在对丙酮浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比单因素实验基础上,采用响应面分析法优化丙酮提取工艺条件,以大豆异黄酮提取率为响应值作响应面图。结果表明,丙酮浸提大豆异黄酮的最佳条件为浸提时间60min,浸提温度20℃,料液比1：3（m／V）,在此条件下大豆异黄酮的提取率达到90．3％,产品纯度达到23．5％。     

高梁黄酮的提取及其测定方法的建立

选用乙醇作为提取溶剂,对高粱中总黄酮进行提取,研究乙醇浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比对高梁黄酮提取率的影响．并通过单因素及正交试验,确定了高梁黄酮的最佳提取工艺：乙醇浓度为65％,80oC下浸提2h,料液比为6：100．此工艺下提取的高粱黄酮含量为0．54％．     

竹叶黄酮的提取和纯化工艺研究

本文对竹叶黄酮的提取和纯化工艺进行研究。实验表明：以浸提剂、固液比、浸提温度、浸提时间为主要考察因素，作L9(34)正交实验；确定了黄酮的最佳提取工艺为：以50％的乙醇溶液，按1：15的固液比。在80℃水浴的条件下浸提3小时。采用AB-8大孔吸附树脂为层析柱填充料，对竹叶黄酮的提取液进行了纯化，确定其吸附流速为2BV／h；用100ml蒸馏水能有效洗涤除去树脂同时吸附的糖、水溶性半纤维素等杂质。而以70％的乙醇溶液为洗脱液。在洗脱体积为100ml，洗脱流速为1BV／h的条件下，竹叶黄酮能较好的被洗脱。还通过样品的紫外吸收光谱以及黄酮与FeC13、浓H2SO4等试剂的特征反应对所得提取物进行了定性分析，确定了所得提取物为黄酮类物质。     

正交试验法优选坛紫菜多糖的提取工艺

目的：对常规法提取紫菜多糖的工艺进行优化；方法：L16（4^4）正交试验及方差分析；结果：影响紫菜多糖热水提取的主要因素为醇沉浓度，其次是浸提时间，再次是浸提温度和料液比；结论：常规法提取紫菜多糖的优选方案为浸提温度80℃、浸提时间1．5h、料液比1：20、醇沉浓度90％。     

大豆粕功能性成分提取条件的研究

综述了大豆中各种活性成分的研究进展，并在综合利用的基础上对从大豆粕中提取分离大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙的工艺条件进行了探讨。实验结果表明：以水为提取剂，料液比(质量浓度)1：10，在60～70℃下，浸提2～3h，异黄酮的回收率可达85％以上，蛋白质的提取率为2．55～3．07g／dL；采用95％过20目筛的细度即可得到满意的效果，异黄酮回收率可达90％，蛋白质收率2．95g／dL；异黄酮在大孔树脂和AB-8树脂吸附后，以质量分数20％～60％的乙醇为洗脱液，AB-8树脂的得率比大孔树脂高14.67％；收集水洗脱液可制取大豆低聚糖。     

光皮木瓜总酸浸提和测定

通过酸碱滴定法定量，研究了光皮木瓜总酸乙醇浸提工艺。在单因素实验基础上采用L9（3^4）正交试验设计，考察了浸提时间、浸提温度、料液比、乙醇浓度等因素对光皮木瓜总酸浸提率的影响。研究结果表明，在60％乙醇中浸提温度为40℃，浸提时间为40min，料液比1：8时效果最好，总酸量为2．36mmol·g^-1．     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press