CFRP 纤维布加固RC 柱的有限元分析模型

为了建立统一的碳纤维(CFRP) 布加固钢筋混凝土(RC) 柱的抗震性能的评价手段, 基于二维有限元分析研究探讨分析模型; 对3 个CFRP 布加固RC 柱进行了2D-FEA 参数模拟分析, 考察了现存的裂缝模型、材料本构关系、混凝土的压缩模型对分析结果的影响。通过分析比较得出, 混凝土使用Darwin-Pecknold 的等价一轴应变模型能很好地模拟CFRP 布加固的RC 柱的非线性特性及其强度; 而且修正Kent-Park 模型能够较好地模拟箍筋、CFRP 布对混凝土的横向约束作用, 同时Darwin 的破坏准则可以较好地评价二轴应力下混凝土的破坏过程。通过考察CFRP 布加固的RC 柱的荷载-变形关系、柱子反弯点和柱脚处混凝土、钢筋和CFRP 的应力-应变的发展, 进一步证实了CFRP 布对RC 柱的抗震加固十分有效。      

轴压作用下CFRP加固圆钢管混凝土短柱的承载力分析

对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）加固圆钢管混凝土（C-CFST）短柱的轴向承载力进行了理论研究。基于连续介质力学,考虑钢管与混凝土处于三向应力状态,CFRP处于环向受拉的应力状态,建立了CFRP-圆钢管混凝土（C-CFRP-CFST）短柱的理论分析模型。通过理论推导,得到了轴压作用下C-CFRP-CFST短柱的屈服承载力及极限承载力的理论计算公式,并将理论解与已有试验值做比对,证明了理论公式预测的精度。最后采用提出的理论公式对C-CFRP-CFST短柱的轴向承载性能进行了参数分析。研究表明:提高钢管屈服强度及混凝土立方抗压强度或减小钢管径厚比D_s/t_s,都会提高C-CFRP-CFST短柱的极限承载力及屈服承载力;增加CFRP层数和CFRP环向抗拉强度也会提高极限承载力,但CFRP层数对屈服承载力影响较小,CFRP的抗拉强度对屈服承载力没有影响。     

土与结构接触面土体软/硬化本构模型及数值实现

基于土与结构接触面变形特性分析,将接触面土体的剪切滑动面与单元体三维应力状态下的八面体面相对应,通过土的三维弹塑性本构模型在八面体面上的剪切应力-应变关系,建立了接触面土体剪切应力-应变关系;将接触面土体法向压缩变形与侧限压缩条件相对应,通过侧限压缩条件下的荷载变形关系,建立了接触面土体法向应力-应变关系;进一步将接触面土体切向与法向耦合,建立了接触面土体本构模型,模型只有4个材料参数,参数物理意义明确,可由等向压缩试验和常规三轴压缩试验确定。与接触面土体试验结果的对比分析表明,所建立的本构模型可较好地描述接触面土体切向软/硬化特性与法向变形规律。结合有限元软件ABAQUS,编制了FRIC模型子程序,通过模拟土与结构界面剪切滑移过程表明,编制的FRIC子程序可较好地模拟土与结构界面接触的非线性力学行为。     

混凝土材料的粘塑性损伤统一本构模型

发展了只适用于金属类材料的粘塑性统一本构理论,借助经典塑性理论的基本法则,建立了无屈服面和无破坏面的混凝土材料的粘塑性损伤统一本构模型。放弃了传统统一本构模型的静水压不影响非弹性变形和无非弹性体积膨胀的基本假设;发展了间断的经典塑性乘子,使其为连续函数,并提出了相应的构造方法,拓展定义了其物理意义。数值模拟显示,此本构模型能够模拟混凝土材料的率相关性质、在压缩载荷作用下的体积膨胀现象和由损伤引起的应力软化和刚度退化现象。     

钢筋混凝土轴压构件材料阻尼计算及应用公式

提出一种计算钢筋混凝土轴压构件材料阻尼的新方法，基于Lazan材料阻尼与应力关系的理论研究，利用Open SEES系统，采用Giuffre-Menegotto-Pinto钢材本构关系模型、Kent-Scott-Park混凝土本构模型及Karsan-Jirsa加卸载准则，计算钢筋混凝土构件在轴向重复荷载下的滞回曲线包围面积，从而得到钢筋混凝土材料单位体积损耗能量。结果表明，单位体积损耗能量随最大应力幅值的提高而增大，且随混凝土强度和配筋率增大而减小。通过SPSS统计分析软件回归建立了钢筋混凝土构件在轴向重复荷载下材料单位体积耗能与最大应力幅值的关系式，回归结果与计算结果吻合较好，为进一步了解钢筋混凝土材料性能及进行钢筋混凝土结构动力响应计算打下基础。     

高温下内配圆管的方钢管混凝土柱轴压力学性能

为了研究高温下内配圆管的方钢管混凝土柱力学性能,该文在修正高温下核心混凝土材料本构关系的基础上,建立钢管混凝土柱的非线性有限元模型,并利用相关试验实测数据对数值模型进行了验证。基于建立的有限元模型,对不同参数下外方内圆钢管混凝土柱的耐火性能进行分析,阐述了受火过程中圆钢管和混凝土轴向承载力的贡献变化规律,并对火灾下钢管混凝土柱的典型变形曲线进行分析。研究结果表明:钢管混凝土柱的耐火极限可比普通钢管混凝土提高2倍以上;随内钢管直径与外钢管边长比增大,耐火极限先增大后减小;圆钢管的约束效应系数增大,耐火极限明显提高。通过合理设计,复合钢管混凝土柱在不设置防火保护层的情况下,可满足抗火设计规范的耐火需求。     

硫酸盐环境中CFRP约束劣化混凝土柱的力学性能

为研究碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)加固经硫酸盐腐蚀劣化后混凝土柱的力学性能,构建CFRP约束劣化混凝土的力学模型,采用CFRP约束普通混凝土后腐蚀和CFRP约束劣化混凝土两种工况进行试验,在试验研究基础上,引入损伤率及强度保持率作为损伤的量化指标,建立两者之间的关系;通过对CFRP约束混凝土强度及应变规律的回归分析,建立适用于硫酸盐环境下CFRP约束劣化混凝土的极限强度、应变模型及应力-应变关系模型。结果表明:随侵蚀时间增长,两种工况下CFRP约束混凝土极限强度和应变的变化规律及劣化速度均不同。预劣化的混凝土柱虽然进行了表面处理,但内部已经存在损伤,在侵蚀环境中采用CFRP加固混凝土柱时,应该考虑混凝土初始损伤的影响。      

杨木静动态压缩本构模型研究

目的 以杨木为研究对象,研究其静动态压缩载荷作用下应力-应变曲线的变化特征,建立适合的本构模型,并对其进行描述。方法 对杨木试件进行静动态压缩加载试验,分析静动态压缩载荷作用下杨木应力-应变曲线的变化特征,构建适用于静动态压缩载荷作用下杨木的本构模型。结果 静态压缩加载杨木的应力-应变曲线分为线弹性阶段、屈服阶段和密实化阶段等3个部分,动态压缩加载杨木的应力-应变曲线分为线弹性阶段和屈服阶段等2个部分;静态压缩加载时,杨木轴向屈服应力最大,分别是径向和弦向的5.70倍和7.75倍;动态压缩加载时,当应变率从400 s-1增加到1000 s-1时,径向、弦向和轴向的屈服应力分别增加了1.51,1.59,3.12倍,杨木的屈服应力具有应变率敏感性;采用包含应变率影响的本构方程来描述杨木在静动态压缩载荷作用下的本构关系是比较合适的。结论 杨木是一种应变率敏感材料,静动态压缩载荷作用下杨木的应力-应变曲线均表现出多孔材料的特征,将多孔材料本构模型应用于木材是可行的。     

水饱和混凝土单轴压缩弹塑性损伤本构模型

多孔多相的饱和混凝土中,孔隙自由水对混凝土的力学特性有显著的影响。该文基于损伤力学基本原理建立了单轴压缩条件下水饱和混凝土的弹塑性损伤本构模型,并结合太沙基“有效应力原理”,认为材料的损伤是由本体有效应力和结构有效应力引起的,根据应力平衡条件得出了两种有效应力下的应力关系方程,并在此基础上建立了水饱和混凝土的单轴压缩损...     

钢管混凝土短柱力学性能研究-理论分析

根据国内外进行的不同围压下不同混凝土强度等级(C20~C130)三轴试验研究,建立了混凝土三轴强度准则、峰值应变准则和应力-应变全曲线,并且与混凝土单轴受压强度、峰值应变、应力-应变全曲线相协调。基于给定的混凝土和钢材三轴本构模型及相应假定的混凝土和钢材泊松比,应用连续介质力学对钢管混凝土短柱进行弹塑性分析,建立了钢管混凝土组合材料的组合弹性模量理论计算公式和应力-应变关系全曲线的理论表达式,其计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。研究成果可供钢管混凝土柱的非线性有限元全过程分析参考。     

Influence of concrete strength and confinement method on axial compressive behavior of FRP confined high- and ultra high-strength concrete

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of concrete compressive strength and confinement method on confined high and ultra high-strength concrete (HSC and UHSC) specimens. A total of 55 fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete specimens were tested under monotonic axial compression. All specimens were cylinders with 152 mm diameter and 305 mm height and confined by carbon FRP (CFRP). Three different concrete mixes were examined, with average compressive strengths of 35, 65 and 100 MPa. The effect of the confinement method was also examined with FRP-wrapped specimens compared to FRP tube-encased specimens. Axial and lateral behavior was recorded to observe the axial stress–strain relationship and lateral strain behavior for concentric compression. Ultimate axial and lateral conditions are tabulated and the complete stress–strain curves have been provided. The experimental results presented in this paper provide a performance comparison between FRP-confined conventional normal-strength concrete (NSC) and the lesser understood area of FRP-confined HSC and UHSC. The results of this experimental study clearly indicate that above a certain confinement threshold, FRP-confined HSC and UHSC exhibits highly ductile behavior, however for the same normalized confinement pressures, axial performance of FRP-confined concrete reduces as concrete strength increases. The results also indicate that ultimate conditions of FRP-wrapped specimens are similar to those confined by FRP tubes, however a performance difference is evident at the transition region. The performance of 10 existing stress–strain models were assessed against the experimental datasets and the performance of these models discussed. The results of this model assessment revealed the need for further development for stress–strain models developed specifically for FRP-confined HSC or UHSC.     

CFRP约束钢管-活性粉末混凝土短柱轴压性能

为研究圆碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)约束钢管-活性粉末混凝土(RPC)短柱的轴压性能,以CFRP粘贴层数和钢管壁厚为参数进行了12根CFRP约束钢管-RPC短柱、4根钢管-RPC短柱及4根钢管短柱的轴压力学性能试验。通过荷载-位移曲线分析了CFRP层数和钢管壁厚对试件极限荷载和变形能力的影响,探讨了提高系数、CFRP应变效率和延性系数等相关性能指标,最后通过提高系数关联套箍率提出了CFRP约束钢管-RPC短柱承载力模型。结果表明:CFRP约束能有效地增强钢管-RPC短柱的承载能力和变形能力。与CFRP约束钢管-混凝土相比,CFRP约束钢管-RPC表现出CFRP应变效率的下降,并且其延性不如CFRP约束钢管-混凝土。在钢管-RPC承载力的基础上提出了实用的CFRP约束钢管-RPC短柱轴压承载力计算模型。      

CFRP加固钢筋混凝土方柱抗震性能尺寸效应的细观分析

为研究CFRP加固钢筋混凝土方柱在地震作用下的破坏模式,该文考虑混凝土材料的非均质性、钢筋-混凝土间的粘结滑移作用,建立了CFRP加固钢筋混凝土方柱三维细观数值模型。在验证数值模型与试验结果吻合良好的基础上,扩展工况探讨了轴压比、CFRP体积配置率对CFRP加固钢筋混凝土方柱抗震性能及名义抗剪强度尺寸效应的影响。结果表明:一定轴压比范围内柱的承载力随轴压比增大而提高,但其延性会降低;该文工况中,CFRP加固钢筋混凝土柱的名义抗剪强度随试件尺寸增大呈降低趋势,存在着明显尺寸效应行为;在经典材料层次尺寸效应律基础上,提出了CFRP加固混凝土方柱名义抗剪强度尺寸效应理论公式(适用范围轴压比小于0.4),模拟结果证实了公式的合理性。     

圆CFRP-钢复合管约束混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

CFRP材料具有强度高、质量轻、耐腐蚀和耐久性好等特点,但在新建建筑中应用CFRP管混凝土柱施工复杂,成本高昂,而采用在薄壁钢管外缠绕CFRP布,用钢管作为CFRP布的施工模板,可大大简化施工过程,且能满足对柱子截面形状的要求,应用前景广阔。该文通过对圆CFRP-钢复合管约束混凝土短柱的轴压静力性能进行试验研究,对比并建议了圆CFRP-钢复合管约束混凝土短柱的轴压承载力计算方法,可供实际工程设计参考。     

Stress-strain behavior of concrete columns confined with hybrid composite materials

A new type of concrete columns was developed at the University of Alabama in Huntsville for new construction to achieve more durable and economical structures. The columns are made of concrete cores encased in a PVC tube reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). The PVC tubes are externally reinforced with continuous impregnated fibers in the form of hoops at different spacings. The PVC acts as formwork and a protective jacket, while the FRP hoops provide confinement to the concrete so that the ultimate compressive strength and ductility of concrete columns can be significantly increased. The volume of fibers used in this hybrid column system is very modest compared to other existing confinement methods such as FRP tubes and FRP jackets. This paper discusses the stress-strain behavior of these new composite concrete cylinders under axial compression loading. Test variables include the type of fiber, volume of fiber, and the spacing between the FRP hoops. A theoretical analysis was performed to predict the ultimate strength, failure strain and the entire stress-strain curve of concrete confined with PVC-FRP tubes. Test results show that the external confinement of concrete columns by PVC-FRP tubes results in enhancing compressive strength, ductility and energy absorption capacity. A comparison between experimental and analytical results indicates that the models provide satisfactory predictions of ultimate compressive strength, failure strain and stress-strain response.     

Influence of overlap configuration on compressive behavior of CFRP-confined normal- and high-strength concrete

This paper presents the findings of an experimental investigation on the effect of overlap configuration on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP)-confined normal- and high-strength concrete. A total of 33 specimens were prepared and tested under monotonic axial compression. All specimens were cylinders with 152 mm diameter and 305 mm height and confined by CFRP tubes. Two different concrete mixes were examined, with average compressive strengths of 52.0 and 84.7 MPa. The effect of overlap configuration was examined by manufacturing the specimens with different properties at the overlap region including overlap length, continuity and distribution. Axial and lateral behavior was recorded to observe the axial stress–strain relationship and hoop strain behavior for concentric compression. Ultimate axial and lateral conditions are tabulated and stress–strain curves have been provided. Detailed plots of hoop strain development and lateral confinement pressure at ultimate are presented. The results indicate that FRP overlap length has no significant influence on strain enhancement ratio (ε_cu/ε_co), but an increase in overlap length leads to a slight increase in strength enhancement ratio (f′_cc/f′_co), with these observations equally applicable to both continuously and discontinuously wrapped specimens. The results also indicate that continuity of the FRP sheet in the overlap region has some influence on the effectiveness of FRP confinement. Furthermore, it was observed that the distribution of FRP overlap regions for discontinuously wrapped specimens can influence the axial compressive behavior of these specimens in certain overlap configurations. Finally, it is found that the distribution of lateral confining pressure around specimen perimeter becomes less uniform for specimens with higher concrete strengths and those manufactured with overlap regions that are not evenly distributed.     

复合加固圆形短木柱轴心受压应力-应变关系

内嵌钢筋外包CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced polymer)布复合加固方法可以有效提升古建木柱的承压和变形能力,加固效果显著。为了建立复合加固木柱轴心受压应力-应变模型,同时考虑内嵌钢筋数量以及CFRP布加固量等因素的影响,该文完成了42根复合加固木柱的轴心受压试验。试验结果表明:复合加固方法能够提高木柱的受压承载力、改善木柱的延性;由于木材存在有不可避免的初始缺陷,木柱的破坏主要发生于初始缺陷较为集中的区域。相同测点处,木材、CFRP布和钢筋的荷载-应变曲线分布相近,表明木材与CFRP布和钢筋黏结性能良好,三者能够协调变形、共同工作。基于既有的相关研究,通过对试验数据的拟合分析,给出了复合加固木柱轴心受压峰值应力和峰值应变的计算公式,进而提出了三折线型和多项式型复合加固木柱的轴心受压本构模型。考虑到木材材质的离散性,加固木柱的模型计算曲线与试验曲线基本吻合,验证了所得应力-应变模型的可靠性。     

钢管高强混凝土轴压短柱承载力性能的试验研究

本文报导了２１个钢管混凝土轴压短柱的试验研究,其中１８个钢管高强混凝土试件,３个普通钢管混凝土试件。试验的主要参数是套箍系数。研究结果表明,当套箍系数较小时,钢管径向变形对钢管高强混凝土极限承载力有影响。     

新型碳纤维增强复合材料-钢复合管海水海砂混凝土圆柱轴压试验

为研究原状海水海砂混凝土在复合管混凝土中的应用可行性,提出一种新型由内外壁纤维增强复合材料(FRP)和夹心钢管复合的碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-钢复合管海水海砂混凝土柱结构。对12个新型CFRP-钢复合管海水海砂混凝土圆柱试件进行了轴压试验,研究了CFRP层数和核心混凝土强度等级变化对其轴压性能的影响。试验结果表明,内外壁CFRP的包裹能够有效地提高结构承载力和变形能力;CFRP-钢复合管海水海砂普通混凝土圆柱破坏形态为混凝土压溃,而CFRP-钢复合管海水海砂高强混凝土圆柱破坏形态为剪切破坏;结构的极限应力与CFRP层数、混凝土强度呈正相关,而极限应变随着CFRP层数增加而提高,却随着混凝土强度提高而减小;核心混凝土和钢管对极限应力的贡献随着CFRP层数增加基本不变,且当包裹两层及以上CFRP时,CFRP对试件极限应力的贡献占主导地位。