冰雪路面防滑轮胎花纹夹缝的设计方法

采用花纹夹缝的设计方法开发205/55R16 91Q冬季无内胎轿车子午线轮胎。结构设计：外直径630.2mm,断面宽226mm,行驶面宽度172mm,胎圈着合直径404.4mm,胎圈着合宽度190mm,胎面中间花纹筋设有短细纹沟槽,胎肩花纹位置设有长细纹沟槽,花纹沟槽壁全部配上锯齿状花纹沟,胎肩轮廓设计成棱角状,同时设置磨耗标示指示块和花纹磨损指示块。施工设计：采用2层胎面设计,胎面胶采用低硬度配方,基部胶采用低生热配方,采用二步法成型机成型、B型硫化机硫化。成品性能试验结果表明,成品轮胎的外缘尺寸、强度、脱圈阻力及高速、耐久和低气压性能均符合设计和相应标准要求,雪地制动、雪地操控和冰地制动性能良好。     

双层胎面技术在低硬度雪地轮胎开发中的应用

采用双层胎面技术开发低硬度205/55R16 91H F9雪地轮胎,并与传统单层胎面雪地轮胎进行对比。双层胎面雪地轮胎的上层胎面胶采用低硬度雪地轮胎配方,下层胎面胶兼顾上层胎面胶和底部胶的刚性过渡,硬度较高;成型参数与单层胎面雪地轮胎相近,只在胎面定型压力上有轻微差异,胎面总宽度稍小。成品轮胎性能试验结果表明:与单层胎面雪地轮胎相比,双层胎面雪地轮胎的充气外缘尺寸不变,耐久和高速性能显著提高,滚动阻力降低。     

正新推出Victra Z4S超高性能轮胎

英国《轮胎与配件》2007年8期130页报道:正新国际美国公司推出Victra Z4S超高性能轮胎。该公司称这款新型轮胎在干、湿和冰雪路面上的操纵性能和牵引性能良好。新型轮胎坚固的中央条形花纹块提供了高速稳定性能;白炭黑胎面胶保证了燃油经济性和干、湿路面牵引性能;增强钢丝带束层提供了高速稳定性能和长胎面寿命;复合雪蚀花纹沟槽和最佳刀槽花纹提供了冰雪路面的牵引性能;4条深而宽的周向主花纹沟有利于排水;5段式胎面花纹块和二合一式花纹沟设计使轮胎行驶时噪声低;V型单向沟槽提供了干、湿路面的牵引性能,硬胎圈三角胶提供了转向性能、…     

Delinte系列M/T，A/T和H/T轮胎产品

正美国《现代轮胎经销商》(www.moderntiredealer.com)2015年11月5日报道:森麒麟轮胎美洲公司在2015年全球轮胎展上展示了其Delinte Bandit系列轻型载重轮胎产品——DX-9 M/T,DX-10A/T和DX-11 H/T。(1)DX-9 Bandit M/T轮胎。该泥浆地形轮胎的特点是具有优化的越野胎面。胎面上花纹块与沟槽的比例最佳,使轮胎在极端越野条件下能有效排出泥浆。此外,不同形状的胎肩花纹块赋予     

普利司通高性能越野轮胎

由于在轮胎的胎侧采用了目前世界最流行的空心凸白字的标识文字，让人一眼就看到DUELERA／T所属的品牌BRIDGESTONE硕大的LOGO，这不但使行驶在街头或者乡村的越野车成为普利司通的最佳广告代言人，而且这种外观设计使轮胎安装到车体上能够起到画龙点睛的功效。DUELERA／T693是一种高性能的多功能越野轮胎，具有全天候、多种路面行驶的优秀性能。胎面设计采用了通过不同方向的三种沟槽与H型胎面花纹的完美结合，使轮胎无论在良好路面、恶劣路面还是积雪路面上行驶都能发挥出令人称心如意的操控性能和抓地性能。DUELERA／T采用了螺旋缠绕尼龙冠带层，满足高速性、耐久性、均匀性和平衡性的总体均衡。对于车身重量大的越野车来说，在湿滑路面上行驶制动性和操纵性至关重要，而DUELERA／T由于融合了多能驰技术，令其湿地性能得到了切实的提高，保证了行驶的安全。     

冬季轮胎新品介绍

英国《轮胎与配件》2007年9期66页报道：中国台湾南港轮胎股份有限公司推出的全新冬季轮胎产品——SonarPolarFox（PF-1）无镶钉冬季轮胎如图1所示。这款轮胎胎面花纹采用带有三维刀槽花纹的单向胎面花纹结构,在降低胎面花纹块刚性的同时可以提高轮胎在冰路面条件下的性能,胎面中央部位的箭头式花纹及曲折花纹沟槽进一步提高了轮胎在冰雪路面上的牵引性能。     

胎面花纹对轿车轮胎室内性能的影响

以205/55R16 91V轿车轮胎为研究对象,通过在原胎面花纹的基础上增加横向沟槽设计并进行钢片雕刻,研究胎面花纹对轮胎外缘尺寸、静负荷性能、滚动阻力和室内噪声的影响。结果表明：胎面花纹变化对轮胎的外缘尺寸没有影响,对轮胎的静负荷性能、滚动阻力和室内噪声有较大影响;与原花纹轮胎相比,增加横向沟槽花纹轮胎的接地面积和滚动阻力增大,室内噪声降低。     

225/65R17102H公路型轮胎的设计

介绍225/65R17 102H公路型轮胎的设计。胎面花纹设计：采用胎面花纹块精确比例、胎面花纹沟边、胎面花纹深浅钢片、5种单元节距以及宽大的块状肩部花纹设计;结构设计：采用宽大的接地面、加深沟槽和加强的胎体材料设计。通过轮胎有限元仿真分析,轮胎的接地压力分布均匀,接地形状方正。成品轮胎的胎圈强度、高速性能和耐久性能均满足国家标准要求,实车评价其在噪声、乘坐舒适性以及干湿地操控性能方面表现优异。     

具有越野综合性能轮胎的设计

采用独特的胎面块状花纹设计、胎冠与胎肩花纹块互锁式设计、花纹块边缘阶梯状咬合式设计、贯通式排泥大沟槽设计、沟底保护胶条及胶片设计以及胎侧和肩部防撞设计,配合优化的胎面弧度等,开发一款具有越野综合性能的轮胎,使轮胎在具有良好方形接地形状的基础上,拥有抗撞击、抗撕裂、排泥、排石子性能。成品轮胎性能试验结果表明,轮胎的脱圈阻力、耐久性能和高速性能符合相关标准要求;接地形状良好,接地压力分布均匀;乘坐舒适性以及干湿地操控性能均良好。     

版块二:新工艺、新产品

横滨推出一款冬季轮胎——IceGuard iG5 1v横滨轮胎公司前不久宣布,推出一款全新冬季轮胎——IceGuard iG5 1v。该款轮胎专为美国市场轻卡、SUV和CUV车辆开发设计。其胎肩部位Z型花纹设计有助于提高轮胎在雪地的抓着性能,以及轮胎在湿滑路面的排水性能;胎面部位的花纹块设计有助于提高轮胎的牵引性能;三     

Preparation and properties of poly(Nε,Nε-dicarboxymethyl-l-lysine)

A new ampholytic homopolypeptide, $\text{poly}\text{(N}{}^{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\text{,N}{}^{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\text{-}\text{dicarboxy-methyl-}\text{l}\text{-lysine}\text{)}$, which has one tertiary amino and two carboxyl groups in the side chain has been derived from a hydrochloride salt of poly(L-lysine). The polymer in aqueous solution seems to be in the coil form with locally extended structure (LES) at neutral pH. In both the acidic and alkaline regions, the molar ellipticity of the polymer changes as a result of change in net charge on the side chain. The conformational changes may be from the coil with LES to other coiled forms. 5–7 M NaClO₄ and 80% aqueous methanol induce the α-helix in the polymer at neutral pH. Divalent cations, Cu²⁺ and Ca²⁺, do not induce any remarkably ordered structures such as α-helix or β-structure in the polymer in aqueous solution at any pH. Ultraviolet absorption studies show an absorption peak of the polymer-Cu²⁺ complex near 240 nm. Dependence of the peak intensity on pH at various q values ($\text{q =}\text{[}\text{Cu}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}\text{]}\text{[}\text{residue}\text{]}$) indicates the two steps of the complex formation. At q less than 0.64, the formation is described only with the first step. An average coordination number for Cu²⁺ at the first step was calculated to be about 2 by the method of Mandel and Leyte. The association constant of Cu²⁺ with the residue at the step was determined from the absorption data to be far smaller than that for the Cu²⁺-EDTA complex. The second step of the formation occurs in the case of large q but the absorption data for the second step cannot be obtained exactly due to precipitation.     

Wet Milling of Fe/Al/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al/Al2O3 Powder Mixtures

Wet milling of Al₂O₃-aluminide alloy (3A) precursor powders in acetone has been investigated by milling Fe/Al/Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures. The influence of the milling process on the physical and chemical properties of the milled powders has been studied. Particle refinement and homogenization were found not to play a dominant role, whereas plastic deformation of the metal particles leads to the formation of dislocations and a highly disarranged polycrystalline structure. Although no chemical reactions among the powder components in Fe₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures were observed, the formation of a nanocrystalline, ordered intermetallic FeAl phase in Fe/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures caused by mechanical alloying was detected. Chemical reactions of Fe and Al particle surfaces with the atmosphere and the milling media lead to the formation of highly porous hydroxides on the particle surfaces. Hence the specific surface area of the powders increases, while the powder density decreases during milling. The fraction of Fe oxidized during milling was determined to be 0.13. The fraction of Al oxidized during milling strongly depends on the metal content of the powder mixture. It ranges between 0.4 and 0.8.     

Sintering of Si3N4-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering kinetics of the system Si₃N4-Y2O₃-Al₂O3 were determined from measurements of the linear shrinkage of pressed disks sintered isothermally at 1500° to 1700°C. Amorphous and crystalline Si₃N₄ were studied with additions of 4 to 17 wt% Y₂O₃ and 4 wt% A1₂O₃. Sintering occurs by a liquid-phase mechanism in which the kinetics exhibit the three stages predicted by Kingery's model. However, the rates during the second stage of the process are higher for all compositions than predicted by the model. X-ray data show the presence of several transient phases which, with sufficient heating, disappear leaving mixtures of β ' -Si₃N₄ and glass or β '-Si₃N₄, α '-Si₃N₄, and glass. The compositions and amounts of the residual glassy phases are estimated.     

Participation of lewis base on vinyl chloride polymerization with Al(C2H5)3CCl4 catalyst system

The polymerization of vinyl chloride has been investigated using an $\text{Al}\text{(}\text{C}{}_2\text{H}{}_5\text{)}{}_3\text{CCl}{}_4$ catalyst system in the presence of various Lewis bases. Effective Lewis bases are γ-butyrolactone, diglyme and diethylenetriamine which are multidentate. The rate of polymerization is dependent not only on the basicity of the Lewis base used but also on a coordination number of one. The latter is the predominant factor. For the effect of polymeric amines, a tentative hypothesis is discussed.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ti0.33Ta0.33Nb0.33C and Ti0.33Ta0.33Nb0.33CxN1-x Whiskers

Ta_0.33Ti_0.33Nb_0.33C and Ta_0.33Ti_0.33Nb_0.33C _x N_{1− x} whiskers were synthesized via a carbothermal vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism in the temperature range 900°-1450°C in Ar or N₂. The optimum temperature was 1250°C. Whiskers were obtained in a yield of 70-90 vol%. The whiskers were 0.5–1 µm in diameter and 10–30 µm in length. The starting materials that produced the highest whisker yield were: TiO₂, Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, C, Ni, and NaCl. C was added to reduce the oxides, and Ni to catalyze whisker growth. NaCl was used as a source of Cl for vapor-phase transportation of Ta and Nb oxochlorides and Ti chlorides to the catalyst. The catalyst metal was recycled several times during the synthesis and was transported as NiCl₂( g ) according to thermodynamic calculations. The rate of formation and the chemical composition of the whiskers depended on the synthesis temperature, the choice of catalyst, and the atmosphere. At low temperatures, the whiskers were enriched in Nb and Ta, whereas the Ti content increased with increased synthesis temperature.