随机载波PWM控制对PMSM谐波抑制的研究

在三相逆变器驱动的永磁同步电机运行过程中,相电流谐波会使永磁同步电机的定子、转子的损耗增大.在严重的电流谐波的影响下,电动机振动和噪声增大,严重影响永磁同步电机的正常运行.针对上述影响,本文引入一种随机载波频率PWM技术,通过随机化载波频率,生成随机频率的PWM波,经逆变器后,对相电流进行适当滤波后控制永磁同步电机,来抑制在控制永磁同步电机运行过程中的相电流和转速谐波,提升永磁同步电机的控制性能.通过与传统的PWM控制方案对比,在仿真和实验结果中发现,随机载波PWM方案对相电流和电机转速的谐波抑制有良好的效果.     

逆变器载波PWM方法的研究

多电平逆变器具有输出容量大、输出电压高、电流谐波含量小等优点,广泛应用于高速动车组、中高压变频调速、电力系统有源滤波等方面。文章对三电平二极管中点箝位式逆变器的中点电位平衡问题进行了分析,讨论了几种常用的载波PWM方法,并在此基础上提出了一种新的将相位偏移、注入零序分量相结合的PWM法。仿真结果证明新方法有良好的中点电位控制能力及输出电压谐波特性。     

采用SIT高频脉冲宽度调制(PWM)逆变器的3kVA不间断电源(UPS)

我们采用并联的SIT(静电感应晶体管)研制了一种用于UPS的3kVA(100V,30A)高频PWM逆变器。这种逆变器充分利用了功率SIT的特性,即大功率输出、大的安全工作区(SOA)、高速开启和负的电流温度系数。为了改进UPS的输入功率因数和减小输入电流中的高次谐波,我们还研制了一种把输入交变电流全波整流之后不经滤波直接向逆变器供电的电源系统。     

三相SPWM逆变器的谐波分析及其抑制策略

对三相电压型SPWM逆变器输出电压和电流谐波及其产生规律进行了讨论。并提出了一种新的易于工程实现的谐波抑制策略,该方法通过正确选择载波频率和在正弦调制波上叠加一个三次波使之成为鞍形波,产生相应的SPWM波形来控制逆变器开关器件的通断从而改善输出波形。数学分析表明有利于降低输出电压波形畸变系数（THD）、改善谐波电流损耗和转矩特性,仿真结果证明了这些措施的有效性和实用性。     

三相电压型PWM整流器的双闭环控制研究

传统三相PWM整流方式采用传统二极管或相控可控硅实现,但这种整流方式电压利用率低、损耗大,同时也会对电网引入大量谐波分量。因此建立三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型,利用Park变换将静止坐标系转换为同步旋转坐标系,并对d、q轴分量进行电压前馈解耦,对解耦后的电压电流分量采用双闭环的控制策略。同时推导和分析了工程化典型Ⅱ型系统的电流内环PI参数设计,研究结果表明：采用典型Ⅱ型系统设计,直流侧输出电流的动态响应速度快、抗扰动能力强。然后利用仿真软件MATLAB进行原理性验证,比较不同类型系统设计的电流波形,验证了设计和分析的正确性。     

六相全桥逆变器驱动PMSM的简化模型预测电流控制

全桥逆变器电机驱动或称开绕组结构虽然兼具相间电气隔离、容错性能好及器件开关频率低等优点,但存在逆变器输出电压矢量多、冗余严重且控制约束等问题。文中以共直流母线供电的六相全桥逆变器驱动六相永磁同步电机为研究对象,提出了一种基于二级矢量优化的简化模型预测电流控制算法,在实现电机定子基波电流有效跟踪控制的同时有效抑制了定子电流的谐波及零序分量。文中基于矢量空间解耦理论对六相全桥逆变器的输出电压矢量进行了分层分析,以定子基波电流控制、谐波及零序电流抑制为准则对逆变器输出的729个电压矢量进行二级优化,得到候选的12个电压矢量,以此为基础设计了模型预测电流控制算法。实验结果表明,该简化模型预测电流控制方法具有良好的动静态性能,能在基波电流控制的同时有效抑制谐波及零序电流分量,可为多相电机驱动系统研究提供一定的理论支撑。     

基于三次谐波注入的级联多电平逆变器

本文详细分析了调制波变换技术和三次谐波注入多电平逆变器的原理,以及三次谐波注入后逆变器的调制信与输入直流电压的关系。并且,分析了在级联多电平逆变器开环PWM控制下,一般SPWM与三次谐波注入的不同。提出三次谐波注入法能够在不影响负载电流电压的情况下实现载波调制的优化控制,提高电压利用率。在Matlab/Simulink环境下通过仿真,证实了理论的正确性。     

单相400Hz逆变电源设计研究

研究了基于数字信号处理(DSP)的单相电压型脉宽调制(PWM)逆变电源的实现方案,给出了逆变电源的系统框图,利用状态空间平均法建立了逆变器数学模型,使用输出电压和滤波电感电流瞬时值作为双闭环反馈的控制策略,利用Simulink建立逆变电源的仿真模型。仿真结果表明,基于双环控制的逆变器动态响应快,鲁棒性强,能够产生较好的稳态输出电压及较低的总谐波畸变率。     

一种单相串联混合电力有源滤波器的研究

文中对串联混合电力滤波器抑制谐波的原理进行了分析。为了检测单项系统的谐波电流,提出一种基于虚拟三相法和瞬时无功理论的谐波检测方法,并且对串联滤波逆变器的直流侧电压的控制进行了讨论。仿真结果证明了其有效性。     

并联混合滤波器中连接电感的仿真研究

虽然有源滤波器中PWM变流器的滤波效果相对于无源滤波来说比较明显,但是它本身也会产生特定次数的谐波。为了避免这种影响,使滤波效果更加优化,文章针对特定次数的谐波加入了无源滤波装置,并采用并联混合滤波方式对谐波进行了抑制,同时对该设计方案进行了相应的仿真分析。     

Research on the filtering characteristic of single phase series hybrid active power filter based on fundamental magnetic flux compensation

In this article, the PWM inverter works as a controlled fundamental current source in the single phase series hybrid active power filter (APF) based on fundamental magnetic flux compensation (FMFC). The series transformer can exhibit the self-impedance of primary winding to harmonic current, which forces harmonic current to flow into passive power filter. With the influence of harmonic current, the voltage of primary winding of transformer is a harmonic voltage, which makes the inverter output currents have a certain harmonic component, and it degrades the filtering characteristics. On the basis of PWM inverter, the mathematical model of series hybrid APF is established, and the filtering characteristics of single phase APF are analysed in detail. Three methods are gained to improve filtering characteristics: reasonably designing the inverter output filter inductance, increasing series transformer ratio and adopting voltage feed-forward control. Experimental results show that the proposed APF has greater validity.     

A new injection method for AC harmonic elimination by active powerfilter

An injection method for an active filter which eliminates the harmonics present in AC lines by injecting PWM harmonic compensating current is proposed. In the proposed method, the active filter produces a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) current that cancels the existing harmonics up to any order completely. To generate such PWM current, both inverter and DC current source is needed. The current source can be replaced by a large inductor without any external power source. This can be achieved by providing the inverter with rectifying capability because the inverter has the same circuit structure as the rectifier. Therefore, the proposed model of PWM injection current includes not only the harmonic components to suppress the existing harmonics up to any order, but also the fundamental one, to raise the inductor current to any desired value. The characteristics of the injection method are investigated through a digital computer simulation. Feasibility is proved by the experimental results     

Improved control strategy on single-phase current-fed interactive inverter

The single-phase PWM current-fed inverter has some feasible advantages for utility-interactive systems. In particular, it is more suitable for the non-isolated type of utility-interactive system topology that is widely used for residential photovoltaic power generation systems in Japan. But, this sort of inverter has a significant disadvantage. The output current of the inverter includes large harmonic components when its smoothing reactor is not large enough to eliminate its current ripple component. This paper presents a new control strategy to reduce sufficiently the harmonic component of the single-phase current-fed PWM inverter, even when the ripple current in the smoothing reactor is large. The principle of the proposed control strategy for this inverter system is described and its simulation results are evaluated.     

PWM电机驱动系统的谐波抑制

针对如何提高电机运行的平稳性和减少因谐波所带来的振动和噪声,设计了一种安装在PWM逆变器输出端的RLC滤波器,经过优化的RLC滤波器使电机端的高次谐波含量明显降低,电压、电流脉动现象得到了较好地抑制,并在Matlab/Simulink平台上进行仿真实验,验证了文中所设计滤波器的有效性和可靠性。     

A robust hysteresis current-controlled PWM inverter for linear PMSMdriven magnetic suspended positioning system

Hysteresis current-controlled pulsewidth modulation (PWM) is very robust but it possesses nonconstant switching frequency, and it is difficult to use for high-performance position servo applications. This paper presents a robust hysteresis current-controlled PWM scheme for a magnetic suspended positioning system driven by an inverter-fed linear permanent-magnet synchronous motor having improved performance in these two areas. In the proposed control scheme, the conventional hysteresis PWM mechanism is augmented by a robust harmonic spectrum-shaping controller. The error signal, which represents the switching frequency deviated from the set one, is detected using a notching filter inverse model. Then, the current command is adjusted by a robust compensation signal. The hysteresis band can be equivalently varied to let the dominant harmonic frequency of inverter output be constant, wherein the frequency can easily be changed by tuning the center frequency of the notch filter. The gating signal of switches is not needed to be sensed for making the proposed control. The constant-frequency control performance yielded by the proposed controller is rather insensitive to the system disturbances and the neutral voltage variation due to isolated Y connection. Through applying the proposed PWM inverter, satisfactory position control requirements can be achieved by properly setting the dominant harmonic frequency according to the electromechanical model of the positioning system     

A novel prediction method of acoustic magnetic noise based oninduction motor's NHCC function

When an induction motor is driven by a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter, acoustic magnetic noise caused by harmonics of the induction motor input is a serious environmental problem. In this paper, a novel prediction method of acoustic magnetic noise is proposed. Acoustic magnetic noise emitted from an induction motor is considered as the function of harmonic components of induction motor current. The acoustic magnetic noise versus harmonic current characteristic (NHCC) function is defined. This NHCC function describes the response of acoustic magnetic noise to a single-frequency harmonic current. Based on the NHCC function, acoustic magnetic noise can be predicted very easily and accurately, simply by the calculation of harmonic components of the induction motor current. By making use of this method, the difficulties of the conventional prediction method, such as the complex calculations of magnetic force, mechanical resonant frequencies, and sound radiation efficiency can be avoided. This novel method can be used as a tool for environmental noise management and evaluation of low-acoustic magnetic noise characteristics of different inverter PWM control methods     

Microprocessor based robust digital control for UPS withthree-phase PWM inverter

This paper describes a novel method of robust (insensitive to system parameter variations and load current changes) and fast digital control for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) with a three-phase PWM inverter. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method by which characteristics better than those by conventional methods are obtained using an algorithm simpler than that of conventional methods. The experiments show that the purpose is achieved and the proposed method offers a total harmonic distortion of 0.6% of the output voltage waveform at a full nonlinear load. The analysis shows that the stability of the method is sufficient. Three features of the method are: (a) a capacitor current observer for stabilization and a disturbance observer for robustness are used to compensate the time lag by the computation and the disturbances, in a minor loop of the capacitor current through an inductor-capacitor filter of the inverter; (b) new models of the inverter and the disturbances are established to simplify these observers; and (c) the output voltage control loop can be designed easily and exactly because the minor loop realizes a rapid and robust control of the current     

A three-phase active power filter operating with fixed switchingfrequency for reactive power and current harmonic compensation

The performance and dynamic characteristics of a three-phase active power filter operating with fixed switching frequency is presented and analyzed in this paper. The proposed scheme employs a PWM voltage-source inverter and has two important characteristics. First, it operates with fixed switching frequency, and second, it can compensate the reactive power and the current harmonic components of nonlinear loads. Reactive power compensation is achieved without sensing and computing the reactive component of the load current, thus simplifying the control system. Current harmonic compensation is done in time domain. The principles of operation of the proposed active power filter along with the design criteria of the power and control circuit components are discussed in detail. Finally, experimental results obtained from a 5 kVA prototype confirm the feasibility and the features of the proposed system     

基于电流无差拍和PI复合控制的新能源并网技术

为了提高新能源整个并网系统的性能,在分析无差拍控制和PI控制的工作原理基础上,提出了基于电流无差拍和PI复合控制的PWM逆变的控制策略。通过Matlab/Simulink建模仿真三相并网系统,采用LCL滤波器滤波。当系统接三相对称纯阻性负载和整流性负载时,将系统逆变电压与电网电压、逆变电流与电网电压进行比较,以及对三相逆变电流进行谐波分析。仿真结果表明,该并网控制策略能较好地跟踪电网电压,波形畸变较小、动态响应快。