功能强大的微处理器监控电路MAX791

ＭＡＸ７９１是ＭＡＸＩＭ公司生产的一种功能强大的微处理器监控电路，在微处理器系统中加入该电路可以大大提高系统运行的可靠性。本文对该电路的性能、特点及其在微处理器监控、电源电压监测中的应用做了介绍。     

微处理器指令综合算法研究

指令是计算机软件与硬件的接口，指令集定义的好坏，直接影响到系统的整体性能，笔者给出一种自动生成指令集的方法，特别适用于流水线微处理器的指令的设计。     

多微处理器系统中的一种新的通信机制

本文对共享存储器的多微处理器系统与消息传递的多微自理器系统进行了比较，提出了存储信箱的通用机制，并用此通信机制构造了一个多ｉ８６０微处理器系统模型，并对此系统模型进行了性能分析。     

32位微处理器在工业实时显控系统中的应用

提出了一种基于32位微处理器MC68331的工业实时显控系统设计方案.实现了主微处理器和显控系统微处理器进行异步串行通信时抗干扰性能优良的电平转换电路设计,利用MC68331内部的SIM(系统集成模块)及GPT(通用定时器)模块配置外围扩展系统,最大限度地节省了硬件资源,降低了成本.     

一种用于遥测系统的复位电路

一种用于遥测系统的复位电路张玉良煤科总院常州自动化研究所（常州２１３０１５）当含有微处理器的工作站出现程序跑飞或数据混乱等情况不能正常工作时，只要给微处理器一个硬复位信号，微处理器重新引导，即可使工作站恢复正常工作。本文介绍一种可用于遥测系统的复位电...     

无人驾驶飞机机载传感器数字化研究与应用

综述了几种不同型号的无人驾驶飞机机动数字式大气数据传感器测量系统的应用研究，着重介绍了一种小型数字式高度－空速测量系统的实现方法．该系统由小型硅压用传感器和微处理器组成，可以满足研制中的小型无人机机载数字式自动驾驶仪的要求．这种测量系统体积小、重量轻、性能价格比高，可望在其它低成本无人驾驶飞行器上得到广泛应用．     

PIC单片机在煤层气发动机上的应用

随着现今电子控制技术的发展，对发动机ECU要求也越来越高，要达到控制要求，首先要考虑的是微处理器的性能，但又要兼顾经济性，所以选择一种适合发动机控制要求并有好的综合性能的微处理器是十分有意义的。     

多核、多线程处理器的低功耗设计技术研究

随着微处理器设计技术和半导体制造工艺的进步，芯片的规模和复杂度急剧增大，超高的功耗密度对系统稳定性造成很大影响，功耗壁垒已经成为提升微处理器性能的最大障碍。本文介绍了低功耗设计的基本原理、研究内容、设计方法，分析了CMP和SMT体系结构的功耗需求和特性，讨论了不同的功耗优化策略在两种体系结构下的适用程度以及对性能造成的影响。针对多核、多线程体系结构，着重从系统级、结构级和电路级等不同抽象层次对典型的功耗优化技术做了讨论。最后，展望了未来微处理器低功耗设计技术的发展趋势。     

微处理器系统总线及其发展

系统总线必须为各个厂家生产的外围设备提供一种标准、稳定的接口，而且它在很大程度上决定着系统的性能。要满足兼容性、相互操作性、技术独立性和吞吐量这些往往相互矛盾的设计目标，一定要认真考虑总线参数和设计方案。本文对7种微处理器系统总线进行了实例研究。这7种系统总线是：ISA、EISA、MicroChannel、VME、NuBus、FutureBus和PCI。文中讨论了总线协议、吞吐量、同步和异步总线设计、即插即用及多处理机支持，并展望了微处理器系统总线的未来发展。     

面向高性能业务应用的基于剖视信息的系统能耗优化

当前,很多部门使用高性能计算机周期性地进行业务性的数值计算。维护这些业务系统的主要代价是每天消耗的大量电能,降低能量消耗能够极大地降低维护业务系统的成本。高性能业务系统的核心是微处理器,当前,微处理器普遍支持动态电压调节技术。该技术通过降低微处理器的电压和频率减小微处理器的能耗,但是一般会导致系统性能的下降。提出了一种面向高性能业务应用的能量优化技术。该技术利用系统支持的多个频率层次,建立性能约束下的能量优化模型,优化业务应用的能耗。根据程序信息获取方式的差别,提出了SEOM 和 CEOM 两种能量优化模型,SEOM模型的程序信息可以直接测试获取,CEOM的程序信息采用编译器插桩方法获取。使用典型平台对能耗优化效果进行了验证,最多可节省12%的能耗。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.