不同纺织品透气性标准方法

分别采用ASTM D737—2004、ISO 9237—1995和GB/T 5453—1997标准对不同织物的透气性进行测试,研究测试方法、织物材料、测试压强、测试面积和涂层整理对织物透气性的影响。结果表明,采用ASTM D737—2004和GB/T 5453—1997测试的结果呈现较高的相关性;麻、羊毛等天然纤维的透气性好于锦纶、涤纶等合成纤维;涂层整理会明显降低织物的透气性。     

织物透气性测试方法标准之比较

为了分析在测试不同纺织品时因采用不同的测试标准而产生的结果差异，比较了ISO9237、GB／T5453、ASTMD737和JISI．1096四项织物透气性测试标准，进行了10种纺织品的织物透气性试验并分析了透气率；试验结果表明，JISL1096的透气率（R3）与GB／T5453（ISO9237）透气率（R1）之间存在着...     

芳砜纶厨师服的拒水拒油整理

采用HS1100有机氟拒水拒油整理剂对芳砜纶厨师服面料进行整理.探讨了整理剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间等因素对厨师服面料整理效果的影响.优化确定了整理工艺条件:整理剂用量40 g/L,焙烘温度190 ℃,焙烘时间5 min;测试了整理织物风格、透气性能和耐水洗性能.结果表明,整理后的厨师服具有优良的拒水拒油效果,经5次标准水洗后,拒水等级仍可达10级,拒油等级达7～8级.     

试样面积对织物透气性测试结果的影响

根据标准GB/T 5453—1997中规定的参数分别测试了10种服用织物的透气性,测试结果表明:试样测试面积为20 cm2时的织物透气率大于试样测试面积为50 cm2时的透气率,并且随着织物透气率的增加,两者的差距呈现出增大的趋势;对于透气率较大的测试试样,测试时宜使用较小的试样测试面积,对于透气率小的试样,也可使用较大的试样测试面积。     

纺织产品透气性测试方法比较

分析比较了纺织产品透气性测试的3个方法GB/T 5453-1997、SN/T 2558.12-2016和GB/T24218.15-2018,结果显示3个测试方法的原理和设备基本一致,但适用范围等方面存在一定的差异,同时指出了测试方法的不足之处,建议增加涂料印花等产品的测试方法及评价。     

壳聚糖和黄芩甙对毛织物的抗菌整理

以壳聚糖和中草药黄芩甙提取物为整理剂对纯毛织物进行抗菌整理,采用浸轧法,利用单因素的分析方法,对不同质量浓度抗菌剂、不同焙烘温度、不同焙烘时间进行实验,并对整理后织物的抑菌性能进行测试分析,结果表明:整理后的织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌抗菌效果较好,抗菌率在92%以上,水洗20次后金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率仍在80%以上,并基本保留织物原有风格及服用性能.抗菌整理对白度和透气性影响不大.实验确定了最佳抗菌剂质量浓度为20～25 g/L,最佳焙烘温度为110℃.     

针织内衣舒适安全性研究

文章在总结目前针织内衣舒适安全性存在的问题的基础上,指出透气性、起球性、甲醛含量和耐汗渍色牢度为针织内衣舒适安全性的主要测试指标,并按照GB/T 5453—1997、GB/T 4802.3—2008、GB/T 2912.1—2009和GB/T 3922—2013进行了检测。结果表明,棉、粘胶纤维原料的针织内衣较化学纤维原料针织内衣的透气性好,甲醛含量低,但起球性和耐汗渍色牢度差。     

多元醇烷基磷酸酯织物整理剂的研制及其应用

以双三羟甲基丙烷和三氯氧磷以及乙二胺为原料,合成了织物抗静电整理剂双三羟甲基丙烷磷酸酯乙二胺盐,使用目标产物对棉、毛、锦纶、涤纶、涤/棉混纺等织物进行整理,探讨整理液浓度、焙烘温度、焙烘时间以及水洗次数对毛织物抗静电性能效果的影响,同时进行了阻燃测试。结果表明:抗静电剂质量浓度为300 g/L、焙烘温度为160℃、焙烘时间为120 s时,抗静电效果较好;同时整理后的织物经50次洗涤后抗静电性能仍保持良好。     

亚麻织物含磷阻燃整理

采用3-(二甲氧磷酰基)丙酰胺阻燃剂(3DPP)对亚麻织物进行阻燃整理,考察了阻燃剂用量、焙烘温度对阻燃性能的影响;研究了阻燃整理的耐洗性,并采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)及热失重同步分析仪(TG)进行分析。结果表明,亚麻织物单独3DPP阻燃整理,垂直燃烧性达到GB/T 5455—1997 B1级标准,但耐洗性不佳;采用3DPP分别复配JK(降解壳聚糖)及SJK(羧甲基降解壳聚糖)进行整理,4次水洗后整理织物的阻燃性能仍能达到B1级标准,且无毒无害,符合环保要求;3DPP复配SJK整理织物的阻燃效果最佳。     

二氯苯醚菊酯在棉织物上驱蚊整理的探讨

文中利用自制的二氯苯醚菊酯防蚊剂与黏合剂复配对纯棉织物进行驱蚊整理,探讨了黏合剂种类、黏合剂用量、焙烘时间及焙烘温度对水洗50次后驱蚊织物上二氯苯醚菊酯保留率的影响,并测试驱蚊织物未经水洗和经过50次水洗对白纹伊蚊的驱避率。结果表明,最佳驱蚊整理工艺条件为:二氯苯醚菊酯防蚊剂52 g/L,黏合剂DM-5129 70 g/L,140℃条件下焙烘90 s。在最佳整理工艺条件下,未经水洗的驱蚊织物对白纹伊蚊的驱避率达到72.41%,防蚊等级达到A级;50次水洗,整理对白纹伊蚊的驱避率为55.17%,防蚊等级B级,具有较好的耐洗性。     

纺织品服装洗后外观标准的比较

关于纺织品服装洗后外观的要求是洗涤标签标注内容的依据之一，不同的洗涤方法最后得到的洗后外观也不相同。文章介绍了国内外标准中具有代表性的洗涤方法与ASTM织物产品标准对洗后外观的要求，建议我国纺织品服装产品标准中增加对洗后外观指标的考核。     

棉织物环保型氟整理工艺

采用不含PFOS和PFOA的环保型含氟整理剂对织物进行自清洁整理技术,比较了环保型含氟整理剂、纳米三防整理剂与普通三防整理剂处理织物的拒水耐洗性、拒油耐洗性和透气性.结果表明,经新型自清洁整理的面料具有良好的防水性、防油性和透气性,耐50次水洗,且服用性能优异.     

织物勾丝性能测试方法的比较

从适用范围和原理、仪器设备、操作步骤和评级等方面分别进行阐述了中国、美国和日本织物勾丝性能的测试标准GB／T11047—1989、ASTM D 3929-2003和JISL 1058-2005，分析了其异同点。三种标准方法由于规定的勾丝转数不同，测试结果差异很大。若勾丝测试结果较好，则差异仅为0．5级；若勾丝测试结果较差，则差异可高达2．5级。     

聚乙烯针织物的热湿舒适性能

为研究织物结构参数对聚乙烯针织物热湿舒适性能的影响,选取3种规格的聚乙烯长丝织成双罗纹针织物,并选用涤纶、凉感涤纶长丝制备相同结构双罗纹织物作为对比试样,研究构成织物的原料种类、未充满系数、捻度对织物孔隙率、透气性、导热及导湿性能的影响。结果表明:在织物结构相同的情况下,构成织物的原料、未充满系数与织物透气、导湿、导热等热湿舒适性能显著相关;纱线捻度与织物的导热及导湿性能显著相关;与涤纶、凉感涤纶织物相比,聚乙烯长丝表面存在沟壑,结晶度、取向度较高,其织物具有优良的透气、导湿和导热性能,是制备凉爽舒适功能纺织品良好原材料。     

Total porosity,theoretical analysis,and prediction of the air permeability of woven fabrics

Air permeability is one of the most important properties of textile materials that ensure their comfort. For many materials for technical applications (filters, sails, vacuum cleaners, parachutes, etc.), this is one of the main properties that determine their quality. The air permeability of woven textile fabrics depends on many parameters of fabric. Thus, the determination of air permeability of woven fabric is highly complex and difficult. In this study, we attempted to establish a theoretical model for the porosity and predicted the air permeability of woven fabrics. A theoretical model was created to predict the total porosity and the air permeability of a fabric structure depending on the geometrical parameters such as pore size, warp density, weft density, fabric thickness, number of yarn, diameter of yarn, and fiber density. For the purpose, a theoretical model of porous systems on D’Arcy’s law was used, and the validity of the model was confirmed by experimental results using 100% cotton and 97/3 cotton/lycra woven fabrics. Since the amount of air passing through both the pores between yarns and the interstices in the fibers constituting the yarn structure was calculated, theoretical values of air permeability were obtained very close to the experimental values.     

Coolfibre织物的性能测试及优化设计

为了有效利用Coolfibre纤维的性能优势,开发Coolfibre织物,根据Coolfibre纤维(五叶形涤纶纤维)及长丝的结构、性能,开发了27种织物,通过测试这些织物的透气性、透湿性、吸湿保湿性、干燥性和强伸性,综合考虑织物的经久耐用和干爽舒适功能,应用模糊综合评价方法,优选出了比较理想的织物规格为:CF 167 dtex/C 18.2 tex 238/224平纹织物.     

Investigation on permeability and moisture management properties of different denim fabrics after repeated laundering

The physiological comfort determined by air permeability and moisture management properties of fabrics is influenced by various constructional parameters of the fabric which give woven fabric a porous structure. Evaporation of sweat during wear has the potential to cool the body besides restricting the additional weight of sweat being absorbed by the fabric. In this study, comfort characteristics of denim fabrics with different weft yarn of cotton, polyester and core spun Lycra have been discussed. Effect of enzyme washing and repeated laundering on air permeability, moisture management and drying rate has also been discussed. It was observed that air permeability and water vapour permeability of unwashed denim fabrics with cotton weft yarn are significantly higher than the fabric with polyester and Lycra cotton weft yarns. The wetting time is higher for cotton and Lycra cotton yarn fabrics. One-way transport index is highest for Lycra cotton weft fabrics and lowest for fabrics with polyester weft. Fabrics with polyester weft yarns show highest spreading rate, spreading radius and drying rate due to better wicking and hydrophobic nature of polyester fibres.     

Effect of structural parameters on thermal protective performance and comfort characteristic of fabrics

In an attempt to understand the influence of basic structural parameters of fabrics on thermal protection and comfort, present study mainly focuses on analyzing effect of fabric weaving pattern and fabric weight. Fabric samples of three basic weaving patterns (plain, twill, and satin) and three different weights were prepared. Air permeability of the developed fabric samples was measured. Thermal protective performance of fabrics against radiant heat and flame exposures of two different intensities were measured. Spectral transmission behavior of fabrics was also studied. It was observed that for same fabric weight, protective performance and air permeability of satin woven fabrics were better as compared to the fabrics of other patterns. Protective performance increased and air permeability decreased as fabric weight increased for each type of woven structure included in this study. A new structural parameter is proposed which primarily influences the protective performance of fabrics exposed to either radiant heat, flame, or combined convective/radiant heat exposure.     

Determination of silver release from antibacterial finished cotton and polyester fabrics into water

Silver compounds have extensive use among the antimicrobial agents in textiles. Silver particles are released into the water during washing processes in particular and they are released from the textile in time due to use. In this work, silver ion release from cotton and polyester antimicrobial fabrics which are the most widely used textiles have been studied. Two well-known silver-based commercial agents and silver-doped calcium phosphate powder-based antibacterial finishing agent which was developed in our previous work were applied to the fabric samples. The release of silver from the fabric samples during washing and incubation was determined by ICP-OES. The effects of fabric composition, time and laundering process on the silver release were studied. It was found that significant amount of silver was released from textile fabrics during washing due to the mechanical forces exerted on the fabrics. The total released silver varied from 73.43 to 92.27% for cotton fabrics and 76.49 to 89.70% for PES fabrics after 20 washing cycles. Results also showed that calcium phosphate can reduce the amount of silver release significantly. It was also found that even a smaller quantity of nanosilver particles was sufficient for strong antibacterial activity.     

Coolmax纤维含量对交织物舒适性能的影响

对5种Coolmax／棉交织织物的吸水性、透湿性、透气性进行了测试,建立了Coolmax纤维含量与织物经向、纬向芯吸高度,透湿量、透气率的回归方程。结果表明随着纬纱中Coolmax纤维含量的增加,Coolmax／棉交织织物的吸水性、透湿性和透气性越好。