Modeling and analyzing rheological behavior of sour lemon juice concentrate using image processing methods

In this study, temperature-concentration related rheological behavior of sour lemon juice concentrate (SLJC) were investigated. Lemons were squeezed, and lemon juices were obtained. SLJC samples were produced by two methods: atmospheric and vacuum conditions. The rheological properties of SLJC at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50°C for each 31, 36, 41, 46, 51 °Bx were measured with rheometer. Firstly, it was determined that the SLJC showed Newtonian flow behavior at measured concentrations and temperatures. Then, viscosity of SLJC produced under vacuum conditions was determined higher than SLJC produced under atmospheric conditions. This difference was calculated statistically significant (p < .05). Furthermore, activation energy values of samples produced under atmospheric and vacuum conditions ranged between 13.6–24.0 kJ/mol and 9.0–17.9 kJ/mol, respectively. Finally, temperature-concentration dependent viscosity variations were modeled by surface equations, and the data predicted were transformed into images to provide visual analysis. It was determined by images that the viscosity change is proportional to concentration while inversely proportional to temperature. Ascorbic acid value was found higher under vacuum conditions than atmospheric conditions. In contrast, the HMF value was detected in low quantities under vacuum conditions.     

柠檬皮渣膳食纤维制备工艺研究

以柠檬皮渣为原料,分别采用水和95%的乙醇为溶剂在不同温度下制备柠檬膳食纤维,并测定其膳食纤维组成和理化特性。结果表明：柠檬膳食纤维制备的工艺条件采用水在室温下处理1min,并进行冷冻干燥,可以得到总黄酮含量、VC含量和持油力较好的产品;柠檬膳食纤维制备的工艺条件采用乙醇在60℃处理90min,并进行冷冻干燥,可以得到SDF/IDF（可溶性膳食纤维/不溶性膳食纤维）比值合理、持水力、粘度、白度都较好的产品。     

脐橙分选包装表面损伤识别算法设计研究

研究提出了一种改进的计算机视觉识别技术与图像融合算法,并建立脐橙表面损伤识别系统,检测中从图像采集卡获得数字化的图像数据后,经过图像二值化、边缘检测和灰度拉伸处理,再对图像的行灰度均值变化曲线进行分析,加权滤波后提取特征图像,以提高脐橙分选包装的精度和速度。通过实验测试表明:边缘特征检测方法对于模糊图像的处理能力较强,算法设计中的损伤定位加快了系统的处理速度,其检测速度达到了10.5个/s,具有精度高、通用性和稳定性好等特点。      

涤纶纤维的紫外线辐照表面改性

阐述了紫外线照射技术的特点 ,紫外线照射技术对纺织材料的作用原理以及紫外线照射技术对高分子纤维材料表面性质改性的方法。研究表明 ,以照射距离为 40mm ,照射时间为 10min ,照射能量为3 .4J/cm2 的剂量辐照 3块纬平针织物 ,并用壳聚糖处理后 ,织物的接触角降低了 5 9% ,回潮率提高了 2 .8倍 ,静电压为 15 .6kV ,半衰期为 1.8s ,具有很好的抗静电性 ,且能耐 2 0次水洗。     

Motion compensated image processing and optimal parameters for egg crack detection using modified pressure

Shell eggs with microcracks are often undetected during egg grading processes. In the past, a modified pressure imaging system was developed to detect eggs with microcracks without adversely affecting the quality of normal intact eggs. The basic idea of the modified pressure imaging system was to apply a short burst of vacuum within a transparent chamber in order to cause a momentary and forced opening in the egg shell with a crack and thus to utilize the changes in image intensities during this process. The intensity changes from dark to bright in the shell surface were recorded by a high-resolution digital camera and processed by an image ratio technique. However, the performance of the imaging system was compromised by both false readings due to motion of intact eggs relative to the camera and an improper selection of parameter values for the detection algorithm. First, a machine vision technique based on motion estimation of individual eggs was developed to compensate any motion errors present on images and thus reduce false crack-detection readings. The simulation results of the developed motion estimation and compensation technique with 3,000 eggs showed no false errors. Second, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate and compare the performance of the crack-detection algorithm under varying parameters (ratio and detection-tolerance thresholds) and to find the optimal parameter values. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to compare the performance under varying parameter values. The minimum distance and Youden index criteria were used to find the optimal values from the ROC curve. The minimum distance criterion found the optimal parameters at 1.11 and 20 (or 1.1 and 25) for the ratio and detection-tolerance thresholds, respectively. The true positive and false positive rates at the optimal conditions were 98.91 and 0.14 %, respectively.     

计算机图像处理技术在纺织品测试中的应用

综述了计算机图像处理技术在纤维检测、纱线检测以及织物检测方面的应用,包括羊毛的细度、卷曲度、表面形态,纤维异型度、棉纤维成熟度,纱线混纺比、纱线外观质量,织物的密度、单元纺织结构、折皱等级、悬垂性、表面疵点、起球等级等测试中的应用可能性。     

计算机图像处理技术应用于纺织检测

介绍了目前国内外计算机图像识别技术在纺织行业中的应用,对比了与传统检测方法的不同之处,简要总结了计算机图像检测纺织品的常用方法。     

葡萄干机械加工技术研究初报

石河子垦区因地制宜多元化发展农业,近几年新建葡萄基地猛增,鲜果市场销售容量小、时间短,葡萄加工成了葡萄生产中的突出问题.传统葡萄制干生产及加工主要采用自然晾晒方式,时间长,且晾干后多带有泥沙,含杂量高,卫生不达标,不能进行工业化生产,葡萄生产附加值没有得到最大限度的提升.     

采用图像处理的织物缝纫平整度自动评估

为解决织物缝纫平整度客观自动评估时分类正确率低的问题,提出了一种基于灰度共生矩阵、小波分析和反向传播（BP）神经网络相结合的织物缝纫平整度的自动评估方法。首先采集标准缝纫图像,将图像的灰度级降至16 级,计算图像在0°和90°方向上的灰度共生矩阵并将其归一化,提取灰度共生矩阵的能量、熵、对比度和相关性4 个特征参数,并分别对特征参数在0°和90°方向上取均值;同时,运用Haar 小波在第6个分析尺度上提取并计算图像的水平细节系数的标准差。然后将提取的这5 个特征参数输入到BP 神经网络中训练和识别,并对标准缝纫图像进行了评估。评估结果显示：提出的算法与单独采用灰度共生矩阵特征、小波特征相比,具有较高的分类正确率,分类效果稳定。     

基于图像处理的选针器检测系统

为提高选针器的检验效率,设计了一套基于图像处理的全自动选针器检验系统。该系统由普通工业相机、选针器控制器、选针器放置平台及计算机组成,采用刀头在两极限位置的灰度值来实现选针器的检验。通过分析选针器刀头的摆动规律,验证利用选针器刀头的灰度值判断刀头摆动运行的可行性;借助Python软件实现图像获取与裁剪,结合Otsu、轮廓检测、图像腐蚀等算法提取每个刀头的灰度值,并通过与预先求解的阈值相比较,实现刀头正常工作的测量与判断。结果表明:设计的人机交互界面可实时显示检验情况,同时可实时保存选针器工作失误帧的图片于指定目录、错误日志于指定文件内,可供查阅和分析;此外,该系统对工作环境要求低,系统成本低廉,通过对模拟出错的选针器进行实际测试,证明该检验系统可有效实现选针器刀头的检测。     

基于图像处理的白酒酒花轮廓检测

依据看花摘酒的传统经验,采用机器视觉代替人眼,通过CCD获取摘酒酒花的视频图像,并截取不同酒度酒花图像进行直方图均衡化、图像腐蚀等图像预处理,消除了高光噪声的影响,然后采用不同边缘检测算法对酒花轮廓进行了对比研究,采用OTSU算法与Canny边缘检测算法相结合的方法,较好地实现酒花与背景的分割,提取清晰的酒花边缘轮廓,通过对大清花与小清花图像的模式识别,为摘酒自动化提供了有效分级依据。该智能化的分级摘酒方法,能够提高分级摘酒工艺的稳定性和准确性,易于实现分级摘酒工序的智能自动化。     

机械设备对香肠生产工艺的影响（二）

3烟熏蒸煮加工成熟系统 这部分的加工见下图4所示。图43.1设备今天,从事肉类加工的工厂大都装设有自动化的烟熏蒸煮系统,这种系统的时间、温度和湿度是计算机精确控制的。     

Estimating volume and mass of citrus fruits by image processing technique

An image processing based technique was developed to measure volume and mass of citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, oranges, and tangerines. The technique uses two cameras to give perpendicular views of the fruit. An efficient algorithm was designed and implemented in Visual Basic (VB) language. The product volume was calculated by dividing the fruit image into a number of elementary elliptical frustums. The volume is calculated as the sum of the volumes of individual frustums using VB. The volumes computed showed good agreement with the actual volumes determined by water displacement method. The coefficient of determination (R²) for lemon, lime, orange, and tangerine were 0.962, 0.970, 0.985, and 0.959, respectively. The Bland–Altman 95% limits of agreement for comparison of volumes with the two methods were (−1.62; 1.74), (−7.20; 7.57), (−6.54; 6.84), and (−4.83; 6.15), respectively. The results indicated citrus fruit’s size has no effect on the accuracy of computed volume. The characterization results for various citrus fruits showed that the volume and mass are highly correlated. Hence, a simple procedure based on computed volume of assumed ellipsoidal shape was also proposed for estimating mass of citrus fruits. This information can be used to design and develop sizing systems.     

基于图像处理的农药残留速测卡快速检测

目的通过图像处理的方法来快速检测农药残留。方法利用图像提取、中值滤波和分量定值等图像处理技术,建立了基于速测卡检测结果图像处理的半定量检测。结果农残样品与胆碱酯酶在37℃下经过4min预反应,与检测结果的红色分量均值与农药浓度呈显著的正相关关系,对西维因和乐果的检出限为0.1mg/kg。结论与目测法相比,图像处理的检出限更低,也更为客观准确,为农药残留的快速检测提供了一种新的技术手段。     

数字图像处理在纸浆纤维检测中的应用现状

介绍了图像检测技术的现状及数字图像处理在各个工业和工程领域的应用情况。并重点介绍了纸浆纤维形态参数的测量方法及数字图像处理在纸浆纤维形态检测中的应用现状和前景。     

Effects of post-harvest putrescine and calcium treatments on reducing mechanical damage and polyamines and abscisic acid levels during lemon storage

The role of post-harvest putrescine and calcium (at 1 mM ), exogenously applied during storage of lemon at 15 °C, in relation to fruit firmness (fruit deformation force) and peel resistance (puncture force) was investigated. Also, the levels of endogenous polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and abscisic acid (ABA) and the colour development in mechanically damaged fruits (50 N) were studied. Fruits under putrescine and calcium treatments maintained higher firmness values and more resistance to peel rupture than control ones during storage. Treated lemons showed also less deformation when the compression force (50 N) to induce mechanical damage was applied. Treated and damaged fruits showed a decline in polyamine content while ABA and colour changed in parallel with maturation during storage. In damaged control fruits, an increase of spermine and ABA levels as a consequence of mechanical damage was observed. From the results reported, spermine and ABA could be considered physiological markers of mechanical stress. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

An image processing algorithm for detection and analysis of slicing checks

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products - In this paper, a new method of measuring slicing checks for flat-sliced veneers was evaluated. The method is based on image analysis of veneer...     

基于图像纹理分析的大米加工等级检测方法

利用不同加工等级大米表面纹理不同的特点,提出了基于纹理分析的大米加工等级检测方法。设计了大米的计算机视觉检测系统,获取4个不同加工等级大米标准样的图像,采用灰度梯度共生矩阵的纹理分析方法提取图像的纹理特征值,采用Fisher判别法和PNN神经网络对大米加工等级进行检测判定。试验结果表明:Fisher判别法和PNN神经网络对4种不同加工等级的大米样品检测判定的正确率分别是96.25%和90.00%。     

轧光工序中织物接缝线的图像检测

针对轧光工艺中织物接缝线的自动检测,本文提出了一种基于数字图像处理的判别方法。以防羽布的轧光工艺为例,首先对获取的图像进行灰度化与中值滤波预处理;然后对预处理的图像提取均值、标准差与变异系数(CV值)等特征参数;最后通过对这三项特征参数的分析与对比,发现特征参数CV值可以作为防羽布有无接缝线的判别依据。实验结果表明,特征参数CV值能够精确地判别织物有无接缝线,并且图像处理的计算量小,检测速度快,可实现接缝线的及时避让。     

面向织物疵点检测的图像处理技术研究进展

随着对纺织工业产品质量要求的提高以及传统疵点检测方法存在局限性,基于图像处理技术的织物疵点自动检测技术得到了快速的发展。为提高图像处理技术的应用效率,实现纺织行业的数字化与智能制造,介绍了织物图像的预处理技术,对织物疵点检测的主流方法进行了总结,包括基于结构、统计、频谱、模型和学习的方法,并对这些方法的检测原理做了概括,分析了其优缺点与适用范围;介绍了现有成品检测设备,对比分析了仪器和系统处理技术的优缺点;最后,梳理分析了现有的图像处理技术在纺织工业应用中所面临的难题,并提出了对未来发展的构想。