Object‐oriented wrappers for the Linux kernel

Linux is an open‐source operating system, which has increased in its popularity and size since its birth. Various studies have been conducted in literature on the evolution of the Linux kernel, which have shown that there are considerable maintenance problems arising out of the coupling issues in the Linux kernel and this may hamper the evolution of the kernel in future. We propose an object‐oriented (OO) wrapper‐based approach to Linux kernel to provide OO abstractions to external modules. As the major growth of the size of the Linux kernel is in device drivers, our approach provides substantial benefits in terms of developing the device drivers in C++, although the kernel is in C. Providing reusability and extensibility features to device drivers improves the maintainability of the kernel. The OO wrappers provide several benefits to module developers in terms of understandability, development ease, support for OO modules, etc. The design and implementation of C++ wrappers for Linux kernel and the performance of a device driver re‐engineered in C++ are presented in this paper. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linux 2.6内核的内核对象机制分析

文中介绍了Linux2.6内核中管理设备及其驱动程序的内核对象机制,重点分析了该机制的主要数据结构、工作原理和操作函数。提出了基于嵌入应用时简化目录结构的方法。     

基于嵌入式Linux的内核错误跟踪技术

介绍了一种精简的内核崩溃信息记录技术,该技术保存函数调用链并有选择地记录函数栈内容。记录下的内容可有效地分析定位问题,精简的记录存储可满足复位后快速重启的要求。     

Communicating between the kernel and user‐space in Linux using Netlink sockets

When developing Linux kernel features, it is a good practice to expose the necessary details to user‐space to enable extensibility. This allows the development of new features and sophisticated configurations from user‐space. Generally, software developers have to face the task of looking for a good way to communicate between the kernel and user‐space in Linux. This tutorial introduces you to Netlink sockets, a flexible and extensible messaging system that provides communication between kernel and user‐space. We provide the fundamental guidelines for practitioners who wish to develop Netlink‐based interfaces. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linux目标代码内核补丁的机理和应用

该文介绍了基于目标代码(二进制编译文件)为Linux运行时系统内核内存映像打补丁以修改内核的原理和方法,并给出了一个示例场景和程序以说明其应用。掌握该方法对于内核开发、系统调试和系统安全都具有重要的实用价值。     

用软件中断实现的Linux内核故障注入方法

针对容错操作系统的可靠性评测问题,提出一种向Linux内核注入“单个位”故障的方法。基于x86体系结构中的软件中断机制,首先利用可加载内核模块机制在时钟中断中设置一个探测点,然后将用户态的故障数据传输到内核空间,最后利用一种C/S结构的故障注入模型,分别向Linux内核的arch、fs、kernel和mm四个子系统注入故障（瞬时型、间歇型和永久型）6700余次。实验结果表明,与arch和fs子系统相比,kernel和mm子系统对故障的敏感度较高,平均检测故障覆盖率达到38.23';与数据段相比,内核代码段对故障的敏感度较高,平均检测故障覆盖率达到73.49',该方法提高了容错型操作系统可靠性评测的速度和准确度。     

The Linux kernel as a case study in software evolution

We use 810 versions of the Linux kernel, released over a period of 14 years, to characterize the system’s evolution, using Lehman’s laws of software evolution as a basis. We investigate different possible interpretations of these laws, as reflected by different metrics that can be used to quantify them. For example, system growth has traditionally been quantified using lines of code or number of functions, but functional growth of an operating system like Linux can also be quantified using the number of system calls. In addition we use the availability of the source code to track metrics, such as McCabe’s cyclomatic complexity, that have not been tracked across so many versions previously. We find that the data supports several of Lehman’s laws, mainly those concerned with growth and with the stability of the process. We also make some novel observations, e.g. that the average complexity of functions is decreasing with time, but this is mainly due to the addition of many small functions.     

Linux内核HWMP序列号机制的研究与改进

为了提高混合无线网状网协议(hybrid wireless mesh protocol,HWMP)在工程应用中的鲁棒性,研究了Linux内核中的HWMP序列号机制.发现了由于“序列号有效”域在路由更新流程中处理不当引起的路径请求(path request,PREQ)死锁环问题,提出了删除“序列号有效”域的解决方案.该方案改变了HWMP的路由更新流程,消除了PREQ错误转发,进而消除了PREQ死锁环.在Linux内核中实现了该方案并进行了长时间的测试,表明了该方案的可行性和有效性.     

Linux内核空间设备驱动程序的开发

本文详细介绍了Linux平台下内核空间设备驱动程序的开发。在比较proc和dev两种文件系统的基础上，分别以PCI设备和USB设备的驱动程序开发为实例来介绍利用两种文件系统开发字符设备驱动程序的方法。     

Linux内核防火墙研究与实现

Linux提供的基于内核的netfilter框架,具有通用性和可扩展性的特点,使得开发人员可结合自己的网络安全要求,在适当的位置上登记一些需要的处理函数,实现用户自己开发防火墙。本文主要分析Linux2.4netfilter的实现机制,并结合实例说明如何编写自己的内核并将其应用到netfilter的架构中,以实现自己的定制防火墙功能。对于大多数缺乏资金预算的企事业单位,结合单位实际自主开发防火墙,保护内网安全确实是一个性价比较高的选择。     

Linux内核编程

本文简单介绍了Linux内核的相关概念,深入探讨了构建Linux内核的方法,并说明了如何进行linux内核编程,完成编译和调试。     

Linux安全技术现状分析

操作系统安全问题是信息安全领域最重要和最基本的问题之一。目前Linux操作系统作为很多网络安全设备所采用的基础操作系统平台,现有的安全性是不能满足要求的。Linux操作系统的安全性研究已引起越来越多的科研和商业机构的重视,该文对目前Linux内核安全研究的热点和一些重要的学术及商业项目进行了总结和分析。     

Linux操作系统内核的升级

Linux目前是国内外较为流行的一种操作系统,其采用开放源代码的方式,使得Linux在几年内有了长足的发展。尤其对中国软件产业的发展,蕴含着很大的商机。针对Linux操作系统强大、稳定的功能,分析了其新内核的技术特性,并介绍了Linux内核升级的方法、步骤和注意事项,给学习和使用Linux提供了一个参考。     

Deadline scheduling in the Linux kernel

During the last decade, there has been a considerable interest in using Linux in real‐time systems, especially for industrial control. The simple and elegant design of Linux guarantees reliability and very good performance, while its open‐source license allows to modify and change the source code according to the user needs. However, Linux has been designed to be a general‐purpose operating system. Therefore, it presents some issues like unpredictable latencies and limited support for real‐time scheduling. In this paper, we present our experience in the design and implementation of the real‐time scheduler that has been recently included in the Linux kernel. The scheduler is based on the Resource Reservation paradigm, which allows to enforce temporal isolation between the running tasks. We describe the genesis of the project, the challenges we have encountered, the implementation details and the API offered to the programmers. Then, we show the experimental results measured on a real hardware. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linux中的消息通信机制及其应用

介绍了Ｕｎｉｘ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ Ｖ的ＩＰＣ通信之消息传递机制的基本原理,详细给出了Ｌｉｎｕｘ中与这对应的系统调用,并在最后通过一个实例介绍了其应用。     

Linux消息队列分析及应用

详细介绍了Linux内核中消息队列的工作原理,对消息队列源代码进行了流程分析。结合实例给出了消息队列API的使用办法。     

Message Filters for Object-oriented Systems

In the conventional object model, encapsulated objects interact by messages that result in method invocations on the destination object. A message is delivered directly at the destination object. As a result of the direct deliveries, the message control code performing intermediate message manipulations cannot be abstracted out separately from the message processing code in the destination object without sacrificing the transparency of the intermediate message control. We propose the filtered delivery model of message passing for object-oriented languages to provide the separation of message control from message processing in a transparent manner. An interclass relationship, called a filter relationship, is introduced. As a consequence, a filter object can intercept and manipulate messages sent to another object called its client via filter member functions. A filter member function in a filter object can intercept a particular member function invocation on its client object. The filtered delivery model supports both upward and downward filtering mechanisms, facilitating interception of an upward message and its return message value. Filter objects can be plugged or unplugged at runtime. Binding of filter member functions to corresponding member functions in the client is selective and dynamic. The filtered delivery model is developed for the C++ object-oriented language; its applications are described and implementation is discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linux内核原理及升级实战

Linux是一个开放源代码的类Unix操作系统 ,支持多任务、多用户、多进程 ,实时性好 ,稳定性高 ,硬件兼容性强。内核则是该操作系统的灵魂 ,升级内核具有重要的实际意义。本文最后结合作者的实践经验 ,介绍了升级内核的具体步骤以及注意事项     

Linux操作系统内核的升级

Limux是近几年发展起来的多任务操作系统，它开放源代码，允许用户升级内核。本文研究了Linux内核升级的方法，包括硬件配置、编译和错误分析，最终达到运行自己生成的内核。