Si元素的添加对Ni43Mn46Sn11合金磁热效应的影响

通过对合金Ni43Mn46Sn11Six(x=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3)磁热效应的研究,发现随着Si含量增加,合金的转变温度(TM)从187 K降到160K,合金的磁熵变也略微减小。在外场变化为3 T时,随着x的增加,合金的磁熵变分别为28.7,24.7,26.1和23.3 J.kg-·1K-1。此外,还利用连续和不连续降温两种方法对Ni43Mn46Sn11Six合金的等温磁化曲线进行了测量。发现两种测量方法测量的磁熵变值存在较大的差异,例如,对x=0的样品,在外场变化为3 T时,连续和不连续降温测量方法算得的磁熵变分别为28.74和38.56 J·kg-·1K-1。     

P元素的替代对LaFe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)的磁热效应影响

通过电弧炉熔炼法制备了LaFe11.4Si1.6-x P x(x=0.05,0.1,0.2,0.3)系列合金,XRD分析表明少量P元素替代,LaFe11.4Si1.6-x P x(x=0.05,0.1,0.2和0.3)合金仍然保持NaZn13型结构,但晶格常数减小。在居里温度T c附近磁化曲线表明,该系列合金经历由磁场引起巡游电子由顺磁态到铁磁态变磁转变的一级相变。随着P含量的增加,LaFe11.4Si1.6-x P x(x=0.05,0.1和0.2)的居里温度T c减小,等温磁熵变也减小。在外加磁场变化为0~1.5 T时,等温磁熵变最大值分别为19.3 J/(kg·K),15.3 J/(kg·K)和10.3 J/(kg·K)。     

MnP_(1-x)M_x系列合金的磁热效应

研究了1∶1型MnP基系列合金MnP1-xMx(M=Si,Sb,Ge,Zn,Sn)(x=0,0.1)的结构及其磁热效应。室温X射线衍射表明该系列合金的主相结构均为正交MnP结构,空间群为Pnma。在用Ge,Sb,Zn,Sn作为替代元素的合金中存在少量第二相Mn5.64P3。磁性测量表明该系列合金MnP1-xMx(M=Si,Sb,Ge,Zn,Sn)(x=0,0.1)的存在由铁磁-顺磁的二级相变。其居里温度Tc分别为286,295,294,295,295K。通过磁化曲线计算了MnP1-xMx(M=Si,Sb,Ge,Zn,Sn)(x=0,0.1)合金的最大等温磁熵变-ΔSm,均在0.7～1.3J.kg-.1K-1之间。     

La0.8Ce0.2(Fe1-xCox)10.5Si2.5金属间化合物晶体结构和磁熵变特性研究

通过X射线衍射和磁性测量等手段对金属间化合物La0.8Ce0.2(Fe1-xCox)10.5Si2.5(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06)系的结构、磁性以及磁熵变进行了研究.实验发现,La0.8Ce0.2(Fe1-xCox)10.5Si2.5系的晶体结构均保持立方NaZn13型结构.随着Co含量x的不断增大,晶格常数将单调减小,居里温度TC呈单调增加.当x=0.02时,该化合物在居里温度TC～239K具有较高的磁熵变︱ΔSM︱,在1 T的磁场下(ΔSM)max为2.87 J·kg-1·K-1.当x=0.04和0.06时,居里温度在室温附近,磁熵变有了一定程度的降低,但仍有可观的磁熵变.最后,对该系列合金作为近室温磁制冷工质的可能性作了适当地探讨.     

La_(1.1)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.55)Ge_(0.05)合金的磁热效应

使用电弧熔炼法制备了La1.1Fe11.4Si1.55Ge0.05合金。研究了用少量的Ge替代Si后,La1.1Fe11.4Si1.55Ge0.05合金的磁性和磁热效应。粉末X射线衍射结果表明:在1273K真空退火处理10d后,合金La1.1Fe11.4Si1.55Ge0.05主相为NaZn13型立方结构,存在微量的α-Fe相。热磁曲线M-T与Arrott曲线表明:在居里温度Tc=205K处发生由铁磁性(TTc)转变为顺磁性(TTc)的二级磁相变。在磁场变化0～1.5T下,根据等温磁化曲线通过Maxwell关系式计算得出最大磁熵变-ΔSmmax=9J.kg-.1K-1。Ge替代Si后该合金在其居里温度Tc处-ΔSm-T曲线半高宽增大,使合金的相对制冷能力RCP(S)有所提高。     

热处理工艺对LaFe_(10.85)Co_(0.65)Si_(1.5)C_(0.2)化合物成相的影响

分析了LaFe10.85Co0.65Si1.5C0.2在不同温度下,经过不同时间热处理后的相组成、微观组织特点、相变和磁性能。XRD衍射结果表明,经过温度高于1353 K的3天热处理后,LaFe10.85Co0.65Si1.5C0.2样品均得到了具有NaZn13结构的基体相。但是α-Fe的含量随退火温度增加而逐渐增加。样品的居里温度在300 K左右,在2.0 T外加磁场下最大磁熵变-ΔSM达到4.7 J·kg-1·K-1,是一种很好的室温磁致冷材料。     

La1-x(La-Ce-Pr-Nd)xFe11Co0.5Si1.5合金的物相分析与磁热效应

采用电弧熔炼法制备了原子配比为La_1-x(La-Ce-Pr-Nd)_xFe₁₁Co_0.5Si_1.5(x=0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)的合金,其中La-Ce-Pr-Nd为混合稀土。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和磁性测试方法研究了合金的物相组成和磁热效应。研究结果表明,当x≤0.4时,合金主要由NaZn₁₃型立方结构主相与少量的α-Fe杂相组成,当x>0.4时,除了NaZn₁₃型立方结构主相与α-Fe杂相,还出现了Th₂Zn₁₇型菱形结构的杂相,且其含量随x的增加而增多。随着混合稀土含量x的增加,NaZn₁₃型主相的晶格常数减小,居里温度降低。居里温度附近的Arrott曲线说明所有合金都发生了二级磁相变,但合金都具有较大的磁热效应,当外磁场变化为2 T时,x=0.6合金的等温熵变最大值为14.2 J·kg^-1·K^-1     

Ni_(43)Mn_(46-x)T_xSn_(11)(T=Fe,Co,Ni)合金的马氏体相变和磁熵变

通过示差扫描量热仪和振动样品磁强计对Ni43Mn46-xTxSn11(T=Fe,Co,Ni)铁磁形状记忆合金的相变、磁性以及磁熵变进行了研究。结果表明,由于价电子浓度的增加,Fe,Co,Ni替代Mn使马氏体转变温度大幅提高。Fe,Ni掺杂对马氏体居里温度(TCM)影响不大,Co则使TCM略有下降;奥氏体居里温度(TCA)对成分比较敏感,Fe,Ni的加入均使TCA略有提高,而Co则会大大提高TCA。由于马氏体相变伴随着磁化强度的突变,Ni43Mn46-xTxSn11合金在马氏体相变附近具有较大的低场磁熵变,对于Ni43Mn41Co5Sn11在室温1T磁场下磁熵变达到了19J.kg-.1K-1。通过调节成分,磁熵变峰值温度可以在199和294K之间调节,同时保持了较大低场磁熵变。     

LaFe_(11.9)Co_xSi_(1.1)C_(0.15)(x=0.70,0.75,0.80)合金的磁热性能

利用高频悬浮炉熔炼LaFe_(11.9)Co_xSi_(1.1)C_(0.15)(x=0.70,0.75,0.80)合金锭,高纯氩气环境下,在1363 K温度下退火144 h,随炉冷却到室温。对得到的样品进行XRD相图分析,主相均为Na Zn13型立方结构,且晶格常数随着Co含量的增多有所增大。LaFe_(11.9-x)Co_xSi_(1.1)C_(0.15)(x=0.70,0.75,0.80)合金的居里温度分别为291 K、296 K、303K,最大磁熵变为6.0 J/(kg·K)、5.6 J/(kg·K)、4.5J/(kg·K),即随着Co含量的增加,材料的居里温度逐渐升高,最大磁熵变值逐渐降低。并且,随着Co含量增加材料的抗压强度也逐渐增大,在x=0.80时最大抗压强度为749.6 MPa,通过计算LaFe_(11.15)Co_(0.75)Si_(1.1)C_(0.15)的RCP(S)值约为123.2 J/K,与Gd的相差不大,能够满足室温磁制冷机实用。     

Mn1.5-0.5xCo1.5-0.5xCuxO4尖晶石粉体及涂层的制备与性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Mn1.5-0.5xCo1.5-0.5xCuxO4(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3和0.4,摩尔分数)尖晶石粉体,并将该粉体涂覆在SUS 430合金表面,经高温烧结后制成涂层。研究Cu含量对尖晶石的晶体结构、热膨胀行为和高温电导率的影响,测试Mn1.35Co1.35Cu0.3O4涂层的抗氧化性能。结果表明:随Cu含量增加,Mn1.5-0.5xCo1.5-0.5xCuxO4尖晶石的物相组成由立方-四方复合相逐渐转变为纯立方相。当x=0时,物相为立方-四方复合相;x≥0.2时,物相转变为纯立方相。尖晶石的热膨胀系数(CTE)随Cu含量增加而增大,原本出现在500℃左右CTE降低的现象被抑制。在30~800℃范围内,Mn1.35Co1.35Cu0.3O4尖晶石涂层的CTE与SUS 430不锈钢相匹配(分别为12.45×10-6和12×10-6~12.4×10-6 K-1)。此外,该尖晶石的高温电导率随Cu含量增加而升高,800℃以下电导率均大于1.3 S/cm,符合连接体材料电导率的要求。涂覆Mn1.35Co1.35Cu0.3O4尖晶石涂层后,SUS 430合金在800℃的氧化速率下降87.5%。因此,涂覆Mn1.35Co1.35Cu0.3O4尖晶石涂层的SUS 430合金可以用作固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)连接体。     

Magnetic Entropy Change of （Gd1-xREx）5Si4（RE = Dy, Ho） Alloys

Magnetic Entropy Change of (Gd_(1-x)RE_x)_5Si_4(RE=Dy, Ho) Alloys     

Influence of magnesium content on structure and electrochemical properties of La_(1-x)Mg_xNi_(1.75)Co_(2.05) hydrogen storage alloys

La_(1-x)Mg_xNi_(1.75)Co_(2.05)(x=0.07, 0.08, 0.10, 0.13, 0.15) alloys were prepared by high-frequency inductive method, and then their structure and electrochemical properties were investigated systematically. The XRD analysis revealed that the alloys consisted of LaNi_5 phase and La_4MgNi_(19)(Ce_5Co_(19) + Pr_5Co_(19)) phase, and the introduction of Mg could promote the formation of La_4MgNi_(19) phase. The observation of microstructure showed that all the alloys processed dendritic structure, which was refined with the increase of x value. The electrochemical measurements showed that all the alloys could be activated within 2 cycles, and with increasing x, the maximum discharge capacity obviously increased from 254.00 m Ah/g(x=0.07) to 351.51 mAh/g(x=0.15), but the cycling stability(S_(80)) decreased somehow from 78.4% to 73.9%. Meanwhile, the appropriate addition of Mg could improve the high-rate discharge capacity(HRD) of the alloy electrodes, which was mainly controlled by the electrochemical reaction rate on the surface of the alloys.     

新型(Fe,Co)-Zr-RE-B非晶合金的热稳定性和磁性

利用旋铸技术制备了一种新型的含稀土元素的铁基非晶合金。研究了Nd含量对Fe70Co8Zr7-xNdxB15(x=0～6%原子数分数)合金的非晶形成能力、热稳定性和磁性能的影响。当该合金系的Nd含量在0～6%(原子数分数)变化时,其饱和磁感应强度(Js)在1.10T～1.37T范围内变化,矫顽力(Hc)在2.28A/m～8.15A/m范围内变化。Js随Nd含量的增加而增加,当Nd含量为2%和3%时,其Hc值均在3A/m以下,且在Nd含量为2%时,具有最高的非晶形成能力(glassformationability简称GFA)即大的ΔTx(达61K);同时又有良好的软磁性能,其Js和Hc值分别为1.25T和2.28A/m。经对比得出,Fe70Co8Zr5RE2B15(RE=Ce、Pr、Gd和Tb)合金与Fe70Co8Zr5Nd2B15具有相近的非晶形成能力和磁性能。     

Phase structure and magnetocaloric effect of (Tb1-xDyx)Co2 alloys

Phase structure and magnetocaloric effect of (Tb1-xDyx)Co2 alloys with x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis, and magnetization measurement. The samples were single phase with cubic MgCu2- type structure; with the increase of Dy content, Tc decreased from 240 K (TbCo2) to 130 K (DyCo2), and the maximum magnetic entropy change |ΔSM,max| increased from 3.133 to 8.176 J/kg-K under low magnetic field of 0-2 T. The Arrott plot and the change of |ΔSM,max| showed that magnetic phase transition from second order to first order occurred with the increase of Dy content between x=0.6 and 0.8.     

Magnetocaloric effect of(Tb_(1-x)Ce_x)Co_2 alloys in low magnetic field

The phases in alloys(Tb1-xCex)Co2 with x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5 were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis,and the magnetocaloric effect for x=0-0.4 was studied by magnetization measurement.The samples were almost single phase with MgCu2-type cubic structure.The magnetization decreased with the increase of Ce.The Curie temperatures(Tc) of Tb1-xCexCo2 alloys with x from 0.1 to 0.4 were 180,165,160 and 152 K,respectively.For x=0.5 in the range from 100 K to 230 K,the point of magnetic transition was n...     

MnFe1-xTixP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25（x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03）系列化合物的磁热效应

通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)和振动磁强计(VSM)磁性测量,研究了替代元素Ti替代Fe元素含量的MnFe1-xTixP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)系列化合物的物相结构与磁热效应的影响。结果表明:该系列化合物的结构为Fe2P型六角晶系结构,空间群为P62m。主相均为(Mn,Fe)2(P,Ge,Si),并含有少量的第二相(Mn,Fe)3Si相。随着Ti原子替代Fe原子的增加化合物的晶格常数a增大,晶格常数c略有减小,晶胞体积V基本保持不变。随着Ti含量增加居里温度(TC)减小,热滞ΔThys的大小改进不太明显。MnFeP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25的TC为305 K,当外磁场变化为0～1.5 T时最大磁熵变的绝对值为14.8 J.(kg.K)-1。     

Structure and Magnetocaloric Effect in Tb（ Co1-xSnx）2 Alloys

Recently,researchonmagnetocaloriceffect(MCE)hasattractedagreatdealofinterestinrare earth(RE)basedcompoundsbecauseoftheirenergy efficiencyandenvironmentalsafetyformagneticrefrig eration.Afirst ordermagneticphasetransitionwas foundintheintermetalliccompoundsRECo2(RE=Er,Ho,Dy)withMgCu2typestructure[1,2],leadingtoa largemagneticentropychangeforthesecompounds,whereasasecond ordertransitionwasfoundinTbCo2andGdCo2.IntheintermetalliccompoundsRECo2,theloweringofd electronconcentrationbythesubst…     

Enhanced magnetostrictive properties of lightly Pr-doped Fe_(83)Ga_(17) alloys

Fe_(83)Ga_(17)Pr_x alloys,where x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6 and 1.0,were prepared by a non-consumable vacuum arc melting technique under an inert argon gas atmosphere.The crystal structure and surface morphologies of the alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.Local compositional variations were measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS).The magnetostriction coefficients of the alloys were measured by means of a differential resistive strain sensor.The magnetism of the sample was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results show that the parent Fe_(83)Ga_(17) alloy consists of a single A2 phase of bcc symmetry,whereas the Pr doped Fe_(83)Ga_(17) alloys are composed of the A2 phase of bcc structure and a small volume fraction of PrGa2 as a secondary phase.Most importantly,with increasing x,the magnetostriction coefficient of the Fe_(83)Ga_(17)Pr_x alloys first increases reaching a maximum saturation magnetostriction coefficient of192 ppm for x=0.6 at a magnetic field strength of 486 kA/m,then decreased.This maximum represents a 400% increase over the parent alloy with a mere 0.6 at% Pr doping.