鱼豆腐加工过程中N-亚硝胺含量的动态变化

为了解原料及加工工艺对鱼糜制品中N-亚硝胺含量的影响,采用气相色谱法测定鱼豆腐原料及加工过程中N-亚硝胺(9种)的含量,并分析其与亚硝酸盐含量、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质(thiobarbituric acid reaction substances,TBARs)值及挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)含量的相关性。结果表明:鱼豆腐原料中TVB-N和亚硝酸盐的含量在加工过程中分别下降了7.6 mg/100 g和0.2 mg/100 g,TBARs值升高了0.8 mg/kg。原料中均未检出N-二甲基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA),但检出了N-二乙基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA)(0~3.23μg/kg)和N-甲基乙基亚硝胺(N-nitrosoethylmethylamine,NMEA)(0~8.62μg/kg),增味剂I+G中还含有N-亚硝基哌啶(N-nitrosopiperidine,NPIP)((6.35±0.30)μg/kg)和N-亚硝基吡咯烷(N-nitrosopyrrolidine,NPYR)((2.28±0.50)μg/kg)。斩拌过程中加入脂肪使NMEA和NDEA含量增加,蒸煮和油炸后二者含量显著降低,分别为(17.76±0.50)μg/kg和(0.10±0.00)μg/kg,油炸后成品中检出少量NDMA((0.15±0.00)μg/kg)。另外,NDMA和NDEA的含量与油炸温度及TVB-N含量呈正相关,NMEA含量与TBARs值呈正相关。     

干酪乳杆菌SB27降低N-亚硝胺对IEC-6细胞毒性作用研究

该研究选用具有益生功能的干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）SB27为研究对象,采用菌落计数法分析N-亚硝胺（N-二甲基亚硝胺（NDMA）、N-二乙基亚硝胺（NDEA）、N-亚硝基吡咯烷（NPYR）和N-亚硝基哌啶（NPIP）（0～80 μg/mL）在MRS液体培养基中对干酪乳杆菌SB27生长的影响,并以维生素C（VC）（50 μmol/L）为阳性对照,采用细胞计数试剂盒（CCK）-8法分析干酪乳杆菌SB27（103～106 CFU/mL）降低N-亚硝胺对大鼠肠道黏膜细胞IEC-6毒性的损伤。结果表明,N-亚硝胺在MRS液体培养基中对干酪乳杆菌SB27的生长增殖无显著影响（P＞0.05）。干酪乳杆菌SB27可降低NDMA、NDEA、NPYR及NPIP对大鼠肠道黏膜细胞IEC-6的毒性损伤。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱测定广东地区市售腊肠中9种挥发性亚硝胺

采用QuEChERS技术(具有快速、简便、经济、高效、可操作性强和安全性)结合气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用法(gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,GC-MS-MS)检测广东省6个市(县)的40份市售腊肠样品中常见挥发性亚硝胺的种类和含量,了解广东地区市售腊肠中的9种挥发性亚硝胺的污染现状,包括N-亚硝基二甲胺(N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA)、N-亚硝基二乙胺(N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA)、N-亚硝基甲乙胺(N-nitrosomethylethylamine,NMEA)、N-亚硝基二丙胺(N-nitrosodipropylamine,NDPA)、N-亚硝基吡咯烷(N-nitrosopyrrolidine,NPYR)、N-亚硝基哌啶烷(N-nitrosopiperidine,NPIP)、N-亚硝基二丁胺(N-nitrosodibutylamine,NDBA)、N-亚硝基吗啉(N-nitrosomorpholine,NMOR)、N-亚硝基二苯胺(N-nitrosodiphenylamine,NDPhA)。结果表明:本研究的检测方法灵敏度高,操作简单,适合批量样品的快速检测,其中线性范围为0.05~200 ng/mL,检出限为0.01~0.1μg/kg,加标回收率范围在90.7%~116.0%,相对标准差范围为1.8%~14.0%。广东地区市售腊肠中NDMA、NDBA、NMOR、NPYR、NPIP、NDPA检出率较高;15.0%的市售腊肠样品中NDMA超过我国肉质品的限量标准,最高值为7.37μg/kg,20.0%样品中总挥发性亚硝胺超过10.0μg/kg,含量最高的黑椒腊肠为15.32μg/kg;不同生产方式的市售腊肠中挥发性亚硝胺的种类不同,其中工业化生产的腊肠样品NDMA、NDPA、NDBA含量高于小作坊家庭自制腊肠样品,而小作坊、家庭自制腊肠样品中NMEA、NPYR、NMOR含量高于工业化生产。     

多香果粉对肉丸中N-亚硝胺的抑制作用

为降低肉制品中N-亚硝胺的含量,探究不同浓度的多香果粉对肉丸中挥发性N-亚硝胺的影响,以及与亚硝酸盐残留量、脂肪氧化值(TBARS值)、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N值)、p H 4个指标的相关性。结果表明,利用气相色谱串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)测定了肉丸中8种挥发性N-亚硝胺,仅二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)、亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)、亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)被检出,在5 d冷藏中0.02%、0.04%、0.08%多香果粉添加对肉丸中N-亚硝胺的含量具有降低作用,对NDMA、NPIP、NPYR抑制率最高分别为93.1%、80.3%、60%,多香果粉最高抑制的添加浓度为0.08%。添加多香果粉后,肉制品中NDMA、NPIP、NPYR与亚硝酸盐残留量、TBARS、TVB-N等指标相关性发生了改变,NDMA与TVB-N相关性上升、NPIP与TBARS相关性上升、NPYR与亚硝酸盐相关性上升、N-亚硝胺总量与TBARS和TVB-N相关性上升。     

腊肉加工过程中N-亚硝胺的分析

为了解腊肉中N-亚硝胺的形成及水平状况,利用气相色谱法(FID氢火焰检测器)对腊肉中的N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)和N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)的含量进行跟踪分析。结果表明:烤制阶段N-亚硝胺急速增加,且NDEA最大含量几乎是NDMA的2倍。经过腌制后NDMA含量为4.06μg/kg,烤制结束增加到9.23μg/kg,NDEA含量腌制结束时为4.26μg/kg,烤制第1天就增加到7.90μg/kg,烤制结束时达到16.20μg/kg,烘烤是影响腊肉中N-亚硝胺形成的重要环节。成熟阶段增加速度相对平缓,成熟12 d,NDMA和NDEA含量分别为10.52μg/kg和20.25μg/kg。     

重组培根加工过程中N-亚硝胺及其前体物质含量的动态变化

为了明确重组培根加工过程中N-亚硝胺含量的动态变化及其影响因素,监测原料肉、腌制、蒸煮、烟熏加工环节中pH值及亚硝酸盐、生物胺、N-亚硝胺含量的动态变化,同时考察重组培根的感官品质。结果表明：随着加工的进行,重组培根pH值和亚硝酸盐残留量均呈现先上升后下降的趋势;在监测的8 种生物胺中,原料肉中仅检出精胺,随着重组培根加工的进行,生物胺的种类不断丰富,含量逐渐升高,烟熏显著加速了生物胺的生成;原料肉中仅检测出N-二甲基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA）和N-亚硝基吡咯烷（N-nitrosopyrrolidin,NPYR）;腌制后可检出N-甲基乙基亚硝胺（N-nitrosomethylethylamine,NMEA）、N-二丙基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodipropylamine,NDPA）、N-二丁基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodibutylamide,NDBA）和N-亚硝基哌啶（N-nitrosopiperidine,NPIP）,NDMA含量超过了国标限量; 蒸煮后新增N - 二乙基亚硝胺（ N - n i t r o s o d i e t h y l a m i n e ,NDEA）和N-亚硝基吗啉（N- n i trosomorpholine,NMOR）,且NDMA、NDPA、NDBA、NPIP含量显著升高（P＜0.05）;烟熏过程中N-亚硝胺总量显著增加（P＜0.05）,烟熏6～9 h增幅最大;重组培根的感官评分随着烟熏时间的延长显著提高（P＜0.05）。综合食用安全性和感官评分,建议制作重组培根时选择腌制16 h,热熏法（55±2） ℃烟熏6h。     

蓝莓对蒸煮火腿中亚硝酸盐和亚硝胺的抑制作用研究

目的研究15种不同品种蓝莓果对肉制品加工过程中亚硝酸盐残留量和亚硝胺生成量的抑制作用。方法 以蒸煮火腿加工工艺为基础,对15种不同品种蓝莓果进行实验,依据GB 5009.33-2010测定肉制品中亚硝酸盐的含量,采气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定肉制品中的8种亚硝胺[N-亚硝基二甲基胺(NDMA)、N-亚硝基甲乙胺(NMEA)、N-亚硝基二乙基胺(NDEA)、N-亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)、N-亚硝基二丙基胺(NDPA)、N-亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)、N-亚硝基二丁基胺(NDBA)、N-亚硝基二苯基胺(NDphe A)]。结果 15种蓝莓果对亚硝酸盐的抑制率在6.27%~38.11%之间,平均值为25.17%,对亚硝胺的抑制率在53.64%~71.54%之间,平均值为63.01%。结论 蓝莓果对肉制品加工过程中亚硝酸盐和亚硝胺的含量具有显著抑制作用。     

氢氧化钡处理-活性炭柱固相萃取/GC-MS/MS检测腌制蔬菜中7种挥发性N-亚硝胺

建立氢氧化钡处理,活性炭柱固相萃取,气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)检测腌制蔬菜中挥发性N-亚硝胺的新方法。将10 g腌制蔬菜样品加入N-二甲基亚硝胺-d6和N-二丙基亚硝胺-d14内标于50 mL离心管中,经80℃密闭处理1h,离心分离,活性炭柱固相萃取,以DB-1701柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)气相色谱分离,串联质谱多重反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明,本法可实现对批量腌制蔬菜样本中7种N-亚硝胺的检测,其中N-二丙基亚硝胺(NDPA)的检出限和定量限分别≤0.08 ng/g和≤0.2 ng/g,N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)等其它6种N-亚硝胺检出限和定量限分别≤0.04 ng/g和≤0.1 ng/g;考察质量浓度范围内(1～100 ng/mL),线性良好,R2≥0.9993;0.1,1.0和5.0 ng/g三水平的加标回收率为82.1%～125.6%,相对标准偏差为0.10%～11.8%。对超市腌制蔬菜的抽样(n=46)监测表明,NDMA、N-亚硝基吗啉(NMOR)和N-亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)检出率为100%,N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)、NDPA、N-亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)的检出率为71%～88%,N-甲乙基亚硝胺(NMEA)未检出;除NPYR含量较高,最高值为4.71 ng/g外,其它N-亚硝胺含量均在1 ng/g以下;腌制蔬菜中N-亚硝胺处于较安全水平。     

如皋火腿中挥发性N-亚硝胺种类和含量分析

用带有氮磷检测器的气相色谱(GC-NPD)测定了从市场上买来的20条如皋火腿中的挥发性N-亚硝胺,并用GC-MS确证GC-NPD检测结果.结果表明:市售如皋火腿中含有3种挥发性N-亚硝胺,分别为N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)、N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)和N-吡咯烷亚硝铵(NPYR), 平均含量分别为0.20、0.81和3.85μg/kg,其中NPYR的含量最多;NPYR的检出率最高为100%,其次为NDEA,检出率为95%, NDMA最小为85%,NDHA,NPIP和NDBA未检测出.     

低温贮藏下生肉丸中6种氨基酸与N-亚硝胺形成的关系探讨

为初步确定氨基酸与N-亚硝胺之间的转化关系,本研究以精瘦肉为原料,在肉丸中分别添加1 mg/kg赖氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸,低温(4 ℃)贮藏9 d,利用气相色谱-串联质谱联用(GC-MS/MS)方法定期测定肉丸中N-亚硝胺含量,探究氨基酸与N-亚硝胺间的转化关系,并分析五味子对N-亚硝胺的产生以及外源氨基酸与N-亚硝胺之间关系的影响。结果表明,肉丸中检出N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)、N-亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)、N-亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)、N-亚硝基二正丁胺(NDBA)、N-亚硝基二苯胺(NDPHA)五种N-亚硝胺。精氨酸、脯氨酸可促进N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)、N-亚硝基二正丁胺(NDBA)的生成,其中精氨酸的添加使NDMA含量最高增加了73.18%,脯氨酸的添加使NDBA含量最高增加了156.18%;同时发现五味子使添加精氨酸的NDMA含量最高降低了28.37%,使添加脯氨酸的NDBA含量最大降幅达到29.47%,NPIP含量最大降幅达到48.62%。综上,精氨酸可提高肉制品中NDMA的含量,脯氨酸可提高NDBA的含量;五味子的添加总体上降低了NPIP含量,但差异不显著;五味子对添加精氨酸的NDMA含量有降低作用,同时对添加脯氨酸的NDBA含量也有降低作用。     

肉制品中9种N-亚硝胺测定方法的建立

建立超声波提取-固相萃取-气相色谱-氮磷检测(UE-SPE-GC-NPD)和超声波提取-固相萃取-液相色谱-紫外检测(UE-SPE-HPLC-UV)肉制品中9种N-亚硝胺的方法。选取二氯甲烷作为提取试剂,探讨萃取时间、有机溶剂用量和萃取功率对提取效果的影响,比较C18、中性氧化铝和活性炭3种固相萃取柱对超声波提取的目标物的净化作用。结果表明:样品经40 mL二氯甲烷在400 W功率下提取20 min,N-亚硝胺的峰面积达到最大值,即提取效果最好。通过回收率试验选取活性炭固相萃取小柱为样品净化。UE-SPE-GC-NPD的回收率在66.80%~93.89%之间,其精密度在1.39%~3.07%之间。UE-SPE-HPLC-UV的回收率在65.80%~93.20%之间,其精密度均在1.19%~3.42%之间,该方法简便、快速,具有良好的灵敏度、重复性,适用于同时测定肉及肉糜制品中9种N-亚硝胺类化合物的含量。     

N-nitrosamines and residual nitrite in cured meats from the Dutch market

A total of 140 samples of 16 kinds of cured meats were analyzed for contents of residual nitrite and N-nitrosamines. Nitrite was determined by reaction with sulfanilamide/naphthylethylenediamine and colorimetric measurement. N-nitrosamines were isolated from the samples by vacuum distillation and determined by gas-chromatography with chemiluminescence detection (GC-TEA). In six samples no nitrite was detectable (less than 1 mg NaNO2/kg), the remaining samples contained 1-140 mg NaNO2/kg, median value 6.8 mg/kg. In 46 samples (33%) no N-nitrosamines were detected, i.e. less than 0.1-0.5 microgram/kg of the individual nitrosamines, depending upon their structure. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was the nitrosamine present most frequently, in 75 samples, contents were 0.1-0.9 microgram/kg, mean 0.3 microgram/kg. Other N-nitrosamines found were: N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), 10 times, 0.3-25 micrograms/kg; N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), three times, 0.2-0.9 microgram/kg; N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), three times, 1.3-4.2 micrograms/kg; N-nitrosomorpholine, once, 0.7 microgram/kg and N-nitrosothiazolidine (NTHZ), 36 times, 0.5-91 micrograms/kg, mean 5.7 micrograms/kg. NTHZ was found most often and with the highest contents in smoked products. Frying of bacon and cured, smoked pork bellies led to substantially increased levels of NPYR in both products, and for the pork bellies also of NTHZ. In five samples of cured, smoked pork bellies after frying NTHZ-contents of 3.6-490 micrograms/kg (mean 179) were found. No correlation between residual nitrite levels and N-nitrosamine contents could be established. Investigations during the nineteen seventies gave much higher levels for NDMA, NDEA, NPIP and NPYR in Dutch cured meats than now found; at that time NTHZ was not measured.     

复合果蔬取代部分硝酸盐对降低发酵香肠中亚硝胺的作用

分析复合果蔬替代硝酸盐对发酵香肠中N-亚硝胺生成的影响,探究发酵香肠生产过程中复合果蔬取代部分硝酸盐的可能性。制备4 组中式发酵香肠：阴性对照组（negative control group,NCG,空白组）、阳性对照组（positive control group,PCG）、芹菜樱桃组（celery and cherry group,CCG）、卷心菜番茄组（cabbage and tomato group,CTG）,考察在发酵及成熟过程中亚硝酸盐、亚硝胺及生物胺含量的变化。结果表明：发酵过程中,果蔬发酵香肠（CCG和CTG）与PCG亚硝酸盐含量同样呈现先增加后降低趋势,但CTG峰值（65.52?mg/kg）显著低于PCG（105.31?mg/kg）。4?组发酵香肠均能检出N-二乙基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA）,而果蔬发酵香肠（CCG和CTG）在发酵后期NDEA含量（1.23 μg/kg未检出）显著低于PCG（3.72 μg/kg）。干燥成熟阶段,果蔬发酵香肠（CTG和CCG）亚硝酸盐残留量（36.45?mg/kg和47.97?mg/kg）显著高于NCG（24.49?mg/kg）和PCG（31.40 mg/kg）,但在干燥3 d后下降至国家标准限量（30 mg/kg）以下。成品中总生物胺含量排序为NCG＞PCG＞CCG＞CTG,CTG中未检出组胺和酪胺。各组样品中N-二甲基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA）（PCG除外）和NDEA含量均随干燥进程而逐渐增加,但是果蔬发酵香肠（CCG和CTG）在干燥结束时NDMA（0.16?μg/kg和0.11?μg/kg）和NDEA含量（4.33?μg/kg和4.13?μg/kg）低于NCG（1.73?μg/kg和9.50?μg/kg）,与PCG（0?μg/kg和4.74?μg/kg）相当。实验表明复合果蔬浆替代部分硝酸盐,可降低中式发酵香肠的N-亚硝胺和生物胺含量。     

Occurrence and source of nitrosamines and secondary amines in groundwater and its adjacent Jialu River basin, China

The presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic nitrosamines in groundwater is of great concern. In this study, eight nitrosamines including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA), and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA) and corresponding secondary amines were investigated in shallow groundwater, river water, and wastewater samples collected from the Jialu River basin. The total concentrations of nitrosamines and secondary amines in groundwater were ND-101.1 ng/L and 0.36-4.38 μg/L, respectively. NDMA and its secondary amine DMA (44.7%/40.1%) were the predominant compounds in groundwater, followed by NDEA/DEA (21.7%/29.3%) and NDBA/DBA (26.4%/27.4%). Relatively high concentrations of these six compounds were also observed in river water that was influenced by the direct discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater. Using acesulfame as a quantitative population marker, the contribution of domestic sources to the concentrations of nitrosamines and secondary amines was 39-85% in downstream reaches of the Jialu River, and that of industrial sources was estimated to be 65-98% in other sites of the area. Both on-site leakage of domestic and industrial wastewater and leaching from river water would contribute to the occurrence of target pollutants in groundwater. The target pollutants posed a cancer risk of 4.12 × 10(-5) to the local populations due to the direct usage of groundwater as potable water.     

亚硝化模拟体系中油脂对N-亚硝胺形成的影响

为了解油脂对N-亚硝胺形成的影响,采用体外模拟亚硝化反应体系,研究油脂种类（花生油、亚麻籽油和葵花籽油）和比例（0%、10%、20%、30%、40%）对N-二甲基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA）、N-二乙基亚硝胺（N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA）生成量的影响;同时,在油脂参与条件下（20%花生油）,以不含油脂的水相体系为对照,考察亚硝化反应条件（底物浓度比、pH值、反应温度及反应时间）对NDMA、NDEA、N-亚硝基吡咯烷（N-nitrosopyrrolidine,NPYR）生成量的影响。结果表明：3?种油脂对NDMA和NDEA的形成均有一定的促进作用,相比于葵花籽油,花生油和亚麻籽油的添加更易促进N-亚硝胺的形成,且随添加比例升高有增加的趋势。亚硝酸盐浓度对NDMA和NDEA形成的影响大于对NPYR形成的影响;在pH值为5.4～7.0范围内随着pH值的升高,NDMA和NDEA生成量有下降趋势,pH值对NPYR形成影响较小;当反应温度高于80?℃时,N-亚硝胺生成量随着温度上升有明显增加的趋势;NDMA和NDEA的生成量随着反应时间的延长呈现出先增加后略下降的趋势,NPYR的生成量随着反应时间的延长变化不大;含有油脂的乳化体系中NDMA、NDEA和NPYR的生成量均显著高于对照组水相体系,且在相同反应条件下,3?种N-亚硝胺的生成量依次为NDMA＞NDEA＞NPYR。结果表明,较高的温度、较低的pH值、较高的亚硝酸盐浓度以及一定量的油脂存在条件下,可以明显促进NDMA和NDEA的形成,而对NPYR形成影响最大的因素是反应温度,因此在肉制品实际生产中可以通过控制这些因素从而降低N-亚硝胺的生成。     

Formation of N-nitrosamines from eleven disinfection treatments of seven different surface waters

Formation of nine N-nitrosamines has been investigated when seven different source waters representing various qualities were each treated with eleven bench-scale disinfection processes, without addition of nitrosamine precursors. These disinfection treatments included chlorine (OCl-), chloramine (NH2Cl), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), ozone (O3), ultraviolet (UV), advanced oxidation processes (AOP), and combinations. The total organic carbon (TOC) of the seven source waters ranged from 2 to 24 mg x L(-1). The disinfected water samples and the untreated source waters were analyzed for nine nitrosamines using a solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Prior to any treatment, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected ranging from 0 to 53 ng x L(-1) in six of the seven source waters, and its concentrations increased in the disinfected water samples (0-118 ng x L(-1)). N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor), and N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) were also identified in some of the disinfected water samples. NDPhA (0.2-0.6 ng x L(-1)) was formed after disinfection with OCl-, NH2Cl, O3, and MPUV/OCl-. NMEA was produced with OCl- and MPUV/OCl-, and NMor formation was associated with O3. In addition, UVtreatment alone degraded NDMA; however, UV/ OCl- and AOP/OCl- treatments produced higher amounts of NDMA compared to UV and AOP alone, respectively. These results suggest that UV degradation or AOP oxidation treatment may provide a source of NDMA precursors. This study demonstrates that environmental concentrations and mixtures of unknown nitrosamine precursors in source waters can form NDMA and other nitrosamines.     

改进的QuEChERS-气相色谱-质谱法测定中式腊肉中8 种挥发性N-亚硝胺

基于改进的QuEChERS法建立测定中式腊肉中8 种挥发性N-亚硝胺的气相色谱-质谱检测方法,并应用于市售样品的初步风险评估。样品经乙腈超声提取、冷冻和N-丙基乙二胺净化后水浴氮吹浓缩定容至微量体积;目标物经极性毛细管柱分离后以选择离子监测模式和外标法定量。结果表明,8 种N-亚硝胺在对应质量浓度范围内线性关系良好（R2＞0.997）,基质效应为0.86～0.98;检出限为0.05～0.14 μg/kg,定量限为0.15～0.47 μg/kg;低、中、高3 个含量（0.3、1.0、3.0 μg/kg）加标回收实验的平均回收率为71.3%～94.1%,相对标准偏差（n=6）为0.4%～11.2%;12 份代表性市售样品中仅1 份样品的N-亚硝基二乙胺含量（3.06 μg/kg）超标,其余均低于单项和总挥发性N-亚硝胺的限量水平（3.0 μg/kg和10.0 μg/kg）。该方法净化效果好、成本低,检测灵敏、结果准确,适用于中式腊肉中8 种挥发性N-亚硝胺的检测;目前市售中式腊肉中N-亚硝胺的风险水平整体较低。