Proposed scoring changes for the Strong Vocational Interest Blank.

A study of the effect of replacing with new items 102 items in the current SVIB on the validity and reliability of the SVIB. 8 occupational groups were used. The results showed that the validity and reliability remained essentially the same after dropping the items. Also, the weighting system of the SVIB was compared with scales using unit weights. The results indicated that the unit weights keys were virtually identical to the weighted keys on 3 criteria: validity, reliability, and scale intercorrelations. Thus, the SVIB when revised should be scored using unit weight scales. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A verification scale for the Strong Vocational Interest Blank, Men's Form.

A new scoring procedure was constructed for the SVIB. Its purpose is to show the pattern of rare item-responses that differ from the chance pattern indicated by the shaded areas of the profile and from the scores typical of people in the various occupations. Ss were 192 freshmen at the University of Missouri. The cross-validation sample had 908 Ss. "At the present stage of development it is appropriate to recommend the V scale be included among the scales currently scored on the SVIB." From Psyc Abstracts 36:05:5LB18F. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Chance versus nonchance scores on the SVIB.

In the interpretation of scores obtained on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank, should those falling in the shaded or chance area be disregarded? Ss were 242 low ability college students and 109 noncollege Ss. These data were obtained from studies by King (see 31: 1540) and Powers (see 31: 6225). Scores falling in the shaded areas are no more due to chance than those falling anywhere else. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The specialization level scale for the Strong Vocational Interest Blank.

On a specialization scale developed for the VIB to separate medical specialists from physicians-in-general, mean scores were obtained for ten occupational groups in three non-medical areas and four medical specialities. Within each area, the occupational groups ranked in the same order by specialization level mean scores as by mean educational level of their members. Research with chemists indicated that those with the Ph.D. degree could be separated by this scale from those with less specialized training. The scale did not, however, differentiate students qualifying for the M.B.A. from those who entered this training but did not complete it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stability measures of Strong Vocational Interest Blank profiles.

For a sample of 242 freshmen, test and retest profiles on the SVIB were compared on grade changes, and letter grade and group pattern shifts, using Powers' D-score method, rank correlation, and ratings of the extent of interest changes by counselors (validity criterion). The stability measures were all significantly intercorrelated with the validity criterion (.55 to .68). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Real-life" faking on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank by sales applicants.

Will job applicants in real-life situations fake an interest inventory? Scores on the SVIB taken by 156 sales applicants were compared with those of 117 salesmen employed for at least 5 years. Applicants looked much more interested in Social Service and business occupations than did employed salesmen. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4LB73K. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A coding system for total profile analysis of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank.

"A coding system for total profile analysis of the… [Strong Vocational Interest Blank] was proposed which would represent the elevation and shape of the interest pattern as well as have other characteristics desirable for definition, communication, filing, and research. The basic structure of the system was outlined, the steps in coding a profile were delineated, and an illustration of the procedure was given. Some possible areas of research using the coded SVIB profiles were briefly discussed." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Use of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for prediction in veterinary medicine.

Strong VIB scores (Veterinary Scale), ACE scores, and pre-veterinary grade-point averages for 61 veterinary students were compared with scores for a random sample of non-veterinary students. Within the veterinary group, there was no significant relationship between interest score and academic achievement, and academic training did not affect measured interest (based on retest with VIB after four years). Using discriminant function analysis, it was possible to predict curricular membership with a high degree of accuracy. The best predictors were the VIB Veterinary interest score and pre-veterinary grade-point average (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Strong Vocational Interest Blank Scores of high school seniors and their later occupational entry.

"Three groups of University graduates were compared, graduates from medicine, law, and accounting, on the basis of SVIB scores obtained in Grade 12. The scores of the three groups were significantly different from one another, and pattern analysis of each student's interest profile revealed that the three groups had different profile patternings as well as different scores on the individual scales. These differences suggest that careful use of the SVIB is justified with high school seniors." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relations among scores on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, California Psychological Inventory, and Strong Vocational Interest Blank for an industrial sample.

The significant intercorrelations among scores on the EPPS, the CPI, and the SVIB are reported for a group of 102 salaried employees of the 3M Company. Comparison of the CPI and EPPS scales generally shows correlations in the expected directions, and correlations between occupational interests and personality variables make "good clinical sense." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Strong Vocational Interest Blank scores of high school seniors and their later occupational entry: II.

In order to study the predictive validity of the SVIB, 130 university graduates were identified who had received degrees in dentistry, mechanical engineering, architecture, or journalism, and who had taken the SVIB while seniors in high school. Interest scores and patterns of the 4 groups were compared and comparisons made between each of these 4 groups and 3 groups studied earlier. Each of the groups of graduates tended to obtain as high school seniors SVIB scores related to their later occupation and the relationships were both statistically and practically significant. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A note on the criterion.

The concept of the criterion in much applied research has implied the possibility of identifying a single, ultimate measure against which predictors should be correlated. It is argued that the criterion has been overemphasized with the result that complexities of predicting the many facets of job success have been ignored in favor of overly simplified studies designed to relate predictors to single measures of job success. Applied psychologists should give more emphasis to construct validation and make an effort to learn more about the meaning of test scores and other predictors in terms of multiple dimensions of behavior. Information available on the Engineering Research Key of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank is presented in order to illustrate the pattern of validation research recommended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Recent APA Presidents score higher.

Comments on David Campbell's (American Psychologist, 1965, Vol 20, 636-644) report on the vocational interests of past APA presidents. When Campbell's data are analyzed chronologically, it becomes obvious that recent APA presidents score substantially higher on the Psychologist scale of the SVIB. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An anxiety scale for the Strong Vocational Interest Inventory: Development, cross-validation, and subsequent tests of validity.

A level of adjustment dimension utilizing a combination of Taylor MAS and Winne Scale of Neuroticism scales has been developed for the Strong VIB. 400 graduate psychology students served as Ss while a second validation used 200 male freshmen. For the 33 items split-half reliability on the first cross-validation was .73. Criterion cross-validations yielded corrected correlations of .44 and .51. 27 references. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stability of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for men.

Inspection of test-retest reliability studies for the SVIB revealed that 2 factors were important when considering the stability of this instrument: Ss' initial test ages and length of test-retest intervals. To further investigate these 2 factors, median test-retest correlation coefficients were computed for over 1400 college educated males who had been tested with the SVIB at various ages and retested at varying intervals. Greater stability resulted the older the S at initial testing and the shorter the time lapse to retesting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The generality of social perception scores.

"This study of self-ratings and other-ratings was designed to investigate (a) whether it is justified to assume the generality of various distance scores regardless of the content involved, (b) the reliability of these scores, and (c) the effect on their generality and reliability when the sign of any of the distance measures is ignored. The method of data analysis employed is comparatively new and has been tried here for the first time." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A verification scale for the Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory.

A verification scale, designed to detect individuals answering carelessly or incorrectly, was developed for the Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory. The scale is composed of items answered very infrequently by Clark's group of Tradesmen-in-General. Data on a validation and cross-validation group are presented. The scale was shown to correctly identify 97% of arbitrarily responding individuals while misclassifying only 9% of individuals answering in a normal manner. To demonstate other attributes of the scale, data are presented for a test-retest group (rxx = .81), a hospitalized psychotic group, and a group of answer sheets completed using random numbers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A study of item weights and scale lengths for the SVIB.

7 SVIB scales were developed and cross validated on 461 managers from 13 varied Minnesota companies. Questions studied were (a) Which item weighting method results in the highest scale validity? (b) Are shorter scales as valid as longer scales? (c) How much may scales be shortened? (d) Why may they be shortened? Controls for scale length, content, validity, and for item weighting method were introduced. Results indicated (a) there was no practical difference in validities between simple unit versus variably weighted scales, (b) shorter scales were as valid as longer scales, (c) Clark's "40 to 60 item optimum scale length" hypothesis was supported, (d) although not conclusive, shorter scales appeared superior partly because their average item validities were greater and thus they perhaps should not be used where developmental item pools are rich in valid items. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Hereditary influences on vocational preferences as shown by scores of twins on the Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory.

The Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory (MVII) scores of 53 fraternal pairs of twins showed greater within-pair variances than did the scores of 71 identical pairs. For 9 of the scores and 4 of the area keys the F test showed a statistically significant increase in within-pair variance for the fraternal twins. This is interpreted as evidence for a hereditary component in interests in occupations requiring no scientific ability. The hereditary influence operates probably through personality variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validities of three vocational interest keys for U. S. Navy yeomen.

"Scores of a group of 135 Navy yeomen on the Office Worker key of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank and on the Yeoman and Shipping-Stock Clerk keys of the Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory were analyzed to determine the validities of these keys for yeomen." Both the Yeoman and Shipping Clerk keys appeared to have high validity, as determined by mean differences and percent of overlapping of scores of the present yeoman group with scores of criterion and reference groups for each key. The Office Worker key of the Strong VIB did not seem to be as satisfactory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)