粗骨料粒径和硅灰对混凝土断裂性能影响的试验研究

应用双参数模型确定混凝土在不同粗骨料粒径和不同硅灰掺量时的临界应力强度子(K1c^s)和临界裂缝尖端张开位移(CTPDc)，同时利用特征长度l^ch研究粗骨料粒径和硅灰掺量对混凝土脆性的影响。文章也给出了相应的弹性模量、抗压强度以及抗拉强度。试验龄期为28天。试验结果表明，对于高强混凝土最大粗骨料粒径增大，弹性模量和抗压强度减小，而抗拉强度和临界应力强度因子以及材料的脆性增大；对于中等强度混凝土(MSC)，硅灰掺量为10％(硅灰／[硅灰 水泥])的混凝土(MSC-SF)的弹性模量、抗压强度、抗拉强度、临界应力强厦因子和脆性都大干不掺硅灰的MSC。     

Effect of coarse aggregate quality on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete

This paper reports results of a study conducted to evaluate the effect of four types of coarse aggregates, namely calcareous, dolomitic, quartzitic limestone, and steel slag, on the compressive and tensile strength, and elastic modulus of high strength concrete. The highest and lowest compressive strength was obtained in the concrete specimens prepared with steel slag and calcareous limestone aggregates, respectively. Similarly, the split tensile strength of steel slag aggregate concrete was the highest, followed by that of dolomitic and quartzitic limestone aggregate concretes. The lowest split tensile strength was noted in the calcareous limestone aggregate concrete. The type of coarse aggregate also influences the modulus of elasticity of concrete. Weaker aggregates tend to produce a more ductile concrete than stronger aggregates do.     

影响混凝土断裂性能若干因素的试验研究

采用RILEM推荐的双参数：临界应力强度因子(KIC^S)和临界裂缝尖端张开位移(CTODC),同时还采用了特征长度lch研究了不同粗骨料粒径、不同硅灰掺量以及不同养护条件下这3个因素对混凝土断裂特性的影响。试验结果表明,粗骨料粒径增大,高强混凝土的抗压强度、弹性模量、劈拉强度和临界应力强度因子增大,脆性减小;标准养护时间越长,高强混凝土的抗压强度、弹性模量、劈拉强度以及临界应力强度因子的值越大,混凝土的脆性越小;掺加硅灰提高了混凝土的抗压强度、弹性模量、劈拉强度和临界应力强度因子,但却增大了混凝土的脆性。     

Effect of silica fume and steel fibers on some properties of high-strength concrete

The main disadvantage of high-strength concrete is its highly brittle behavior and this can beovercome by adding fibers to the concrete. This would also improve some other mechanical properties of high-strength concrete such as tensile strength and compressive strength. These properties are not very well established for high-strength steel-fiber reinforced concrete (HSFRC) yet. In this study the influence of silica fume on the properties of HSFRC were investigated by using silica fume of two different percentages and three different hooked-end fibers namely, 30/0.50, 60/0.80 and 50/0.60 length/diameter (mm/mm). Fibers were added to concrete in three different volume percentages of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 by volume of concrete. The results indicated that there is a linear function between splitting tensile strength (F_splt) and volume percentage of fibers (V_f) [i.e. F_plt = A(V_f) + B, where A and B are correlation coefficients] as well as between splitting tensile strength (F_splt) and compressive strength (F_c) of plain series A concrete [i.e. F_splt = C (√F_c) + D, where C and D are correlation coefficients]. These relations can describe the development of splitting tensile strength of HSFRC containing no silica fume, 5% silica fume and 10% silica fume by weight of cement. On the other hand, although silica fume has an effect on compressive strength, volume percentage and aspect ratio of steel fibers has little effect.     

高炉矿渣骨料高强混凝土性能的试验分析

高炉矿渣粗骨料(BFSA)可用于配制高强混凝土(HSC)。通过5个不同水胶比(0.30、0.35、0.40、0.45、0.50)的BFSA混凝土与普通骨料混凝土(基准混凝土)在7d和28d龄期的抗压强度等力学性能比较,得出以BFSA生产的高强混凝土具有一系列优良性能,如不同水胶比的BFSA混凝土的抗压强度比相应的基准混凝土高出26%~87%;BFSA混凝土比基准混凝土具有更低的渗透性、更高的劈拉强度和更低的脆性。试验过程中,以10%的硅粉(SF)等量取代普通硅酸盐水泥,并掺加超塑化剂,从而有效改善BFSA混凝土的性能。为了便于比较,试验过程中保持所有混凝土拌合物坍落度相同。     

高钛重矿渣不同掺量对混凝土强度与保温性能的影响研究

攀钢高钛重矿渣是一种强度高、化学稳定性好和多孔形貌的石质材料。为了研究其作为混凝土粗骨料对混凝土强度与保温性能的影响,分别配置了高钛重矿渣替代率为50％、60％、70％、80％、90％、100％的强度等级为C30的混凝土,以此对矿渣混凝土力学性能、保温性能进行试验,并跟同条件普通碎石混凝土进行对比分析。研究结果表明,矿渣混凝土立方体抗压强度、劈拉强度、轴心抗压强度都略高于普通混凝土,并随着粗骨料替代率提高而增强,向导热系数则低于普通混凝土。     

硅粉对纤维橡胶再生混凝土抗压性能影响试验

以普通混凝土和橡胶再生混凝土为研究对象,通过掺入硅粉和纤维材料研究强化环保型混凝土抗压性能的方法。用再生混凝土100%等体积代替粗骨料,用橡胶颗粒20%等体积代替细骨料,内掺10%（质量分数）或外掺3%（质量分数）硅粉以及掺入聚丙烯纤维或钢纤维,制备了4组12个混凝土立方体试件,通过轴压试验研究了混凝土试件的破坏模式、抗压强度和工作性能。结果表明:与单一掺入硅粉相比,硅粉和聚丙烯纤维的复合掺入能进一步强化混凝土的抗压性能;硅粉的掺入可以强化浆体与橡胶颗粒间的界面性能,提高钢纤维橡胶再生混凝土的抗压强度;硅粉和纤维材料对混凝土的工作性能有负作用,其复合掺入时建议采用适量的减水剂。     

硅灰对高强混凝土强度影响的试验研究

在高强混凝土中掺入适量的硅灰,对提高混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度有非常明显的效果,也可在一定程度上增强混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度.掺量低于或高于适量范围,对提高混凝土的强度作用很小.在实际工程混凝土中合理掺用硅灰,不仅可以提高混凝土的强度,而且变废为宝,改善环境,技术、经济和社会效益显著.     

骨料对自密实混凝土性能的影响

研究了粗骨料最大粒径、粗骨料级配、砂率等因素对掺不同矿物掺合料,如粉煤灰、矿渣粉或硅灰的自密实混凝土的工作性与强度性能的影响。试验结果表明,粗骨料最大粒径越小,自密实混凝土的流动性越大、粘聚性越好。随着粉煤灰、矿渣粉的掺量增大,自密实混凝土的流动性明显增大,粘聚性显著下降。复合掺入合适比例的矿物掺合料,可有效改善自密实混凝土工作性与强度。粗骨料级配是影响自密实混凝土性能的重要因素之一。随着砂率增大,自密实混凝土拌合物的流动性增大,粘聚性减小,流动性损失减小,早期和后期抗压强度也随之下降。     

Effect of copper slag as a fine aggregate on the properties of cement mortars and concrete

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effect of using copper slag as a fine aggregate on the properties of cement mortars and concrete. Various mortar and concrete mixtures were prepared with different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0% (for the control mixture) to 100% as fine aggregates replacement. Cement mortar mixtures were evaluated for compressive strength, whereas concrete mixtures were evaluated for workability, density, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and durability. The results obtained for cement mortars revealed that all mixtures with different copper slag proportions yielded comparable or higher compressive strength than that of the control mixture. Also, there was more than 70% improvement in the compressive strength of mortars with 50% copper slag substitution in comparison with the control mixture. The results obtained for concrete indicated that there is a slight increase in density of nearly 5% as copper slag content increases, whereas the workability increased significantly as copper slag percentage increased compared with the control mixture. A substitution of up to 40–50% copper slag as a sand replacement yielded comparable strength to that of the control mixture. However, addition of more copper slag resulted in strength reduction due to the increase in the free water content in the mix. Also, the results demonstrated that surface water absorption decreased as copper slag content increases up to 50% replacement. Beyond that, the absorption rate increased rapidly and the percentage volume of the permeable voids was comparable to the control mixture. Therefore, it is recommended that up to 40–50% (by weight of sand) of copper slag can be used as a replacement for fine aggregates in order to obtain a concrete with good strength and durability requirements.     

内掺锂渣和硅粉的100MPa高强度大流动性混凝土研究

研究了内掺锂渣和硅粉对混凝土强度和流动性的影响 ;根据试验数据总结出内掺锂渣和硅粉混凝土的 2 8d抗压强度规律 ,研究了混凝土后期强度的增长规律 ;采用 4 2 5普通硅酸盐水泥、中砂、5～ 2 5mm碎石 ,内掺 10 %～ 15 %锂渣和 5 %硅粉 ,水胶比 0 2 5 5～ 0 2 6 8,或内掺 0～ 15 %锂渣和 10 %硅粉 ,水胶比 0 2 6 0～0 30 5 ,掺加适量的NF - 2 - 6缓凝高效减水剂 ,可配制出 10 0MPa高强度大流动性混凝土。     

高强混凝土断裂特性的试验研究与分析

试验研究了掺超细矿渣和硅粉的高强混凝土的断裂特性并与欧洲国际混凝土协会提出的ＣＥＢ－ＦＩＰ 中的相关内容进行了比较与分析，混凝土的抗压强度，抗拉强度和弹性模量随超细矿物掺合料的掺加有明显的增大，且变化情况与ＭＣ９０相近，而超细矿物掺合料对混凝土脆性的影响比较复杂；单掺超细矿渣基本上不影响高强混凝土的脆性，双掺超细矿渣和硅粉明显增加混凝土的脆性，而且它们的变化情况与ＭＣ９０相差较大。     

Strength and permeability of steel fibre reinforced grouts

The feasibility of using steel fibres to improve the tensile strength and durability of cement–sand grout was investigated. Initial tests focused on achieving pumpable grout mixes and 13 mm round steel fibres with a diameter of 0.16 mm were found to be compatible with a conventional grout paddle mixer and piston pump. Subsequently, grouts with 0.5% and 1% fibre volume fraction were subjected to compressive and splitting tensile strength tests, coefficient of permeability tests and wet–dry cycles. The effect of partial cement replacement with silica fume and blast furnace slag was also investigated. It was found that steel fibres were beneficial for short- and long-term tensile strength. Coefficient of permeability was not adversely affected by addition of fibres. Resistance to microcracking and increase in permeability after wet–dry cycles was also improved by steel fibres. Partial replacement of cement with blast furnace slag resulted in enhanced mechanical properties, whereas the results for silica fume were mixed.     

Compressive strength and stability of sustainable self-consolidating concrete containing fly ash,silica fume,and GGBS

This paper presents the findings of an experimental program seeking to understand the effect of mineral admixtures on fresh and hardened properties of sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixes where up to 80% of Portland cement was replaced with fly ash, silica fume, or ground granulated blast furnace slag. Compressive strength of SCC mixes was measured after 3, 7, and 28 days of moist curing. It was concluded in this study that increasing the dosage of fly ash increases concrete flow but also decreases segregation resistance. In addition, for the water-to-cement ratio of 0.36 used in this study, it was observed that the compressive strength decreases compared to control mix after 28 days of curing when cement was partially replaced by 10%, 30%, and 40%of fly ash. However, a fly ash replacement ratio of 20% increased the compressive strength by a small margin compared to the control mix. Replacing cement with silica fume at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% was found to increase compressive strength of SCC mixes compared to the control mix. However, the highest 28 day compressive strength of 95.3 MPa occurred with SCC mixes in which 15% of the cement was replaced with silica fume.     

全钢渣集料水泥混凝土基本力学性能的试验研究

对采用钢渣等体积替代混凝土中粗、细集料的钢渣混凝土的力学性能进行了试验研究,并与同强度等级的普通混凝土的力学性能进行对比。试验结果表明:钢渣作为混凝土粗骨料会增强混凝土的抗压、抗折强度;随着钢渣使用量的增大,钢渣混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度也会随之增强。当用钢渣砂等体积代替混凝土的天然细集料时,也会增强混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度。     

Characteristics of lightweight concrete containing mineral admixtures

This research investigates the properties of fresh and hardened concretes containing locally available natural lightweight aggregates, and mineral admixtures. Test results indicated that replacing cement in the structural lightweight concrete developed, with 5–15% silica fume on weight basis, caused up to 57% and 14% increase in compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, respectively, compared to mixes without silica fume. But, adding up to 10% fly ash, as partial cement replacement by weight, to the same mixes, caused about 18% decrease in compressive strength, with no change in modulus of elasticity, compared to mixes without fly ash. Adding 10% or more of silica fume, and 5% or more fly ash to lightweight concrete mixes perform better, in terms of strength and stiffness, compared to individual mixes prepared using same contents of either silica fume or fly ash.     

RPC混凝土力学性能的试验研究

以抗折强度和抗压强度为指标,研究活性混合材、钢纤维掺量、粗细集料类别及养护方式对RPC混凝土抗折强度和抗压强度的变化情况。结果表明,当硅灰和粉煤灰掺量相等时,RPC混凝土拌合物流动性好,抗压强度和抗折强度最高,分别达到124.2MPa和19.2MPa。钢纤维掺量的增加可有效提高RPC的抗折强度和抗压强度,但RPC混凝土抗压强度提高的幅度小于抗折强度。钢纤维体积掺量在1.0%-2.0%之间较合适。通过三种不同的养护制度发现,采用标准养护方式时,抗压强度值最小,采用高温养护方式时,抗压强度值最大,热水养护的抗压强度值介于二者之间。     

基于2D随机骨料模型的C80混凝土参数分析

利用DIGIMAT和ABAQUS联合建立细观混凝土2D随机骨料模型,模拟了粗骨料的分布、形状、含量以及界面过渡区性能、孔隙率对C80高强度混凝土立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、弹性模量和劈裂抗拉强度的影响,并将模拟结果与各参数对低强度混凝土的影响进行比较。结果表明:粗骨料的分布模式对混凝土的基本力学性能几乎没有影响,不同分布形式下混凝土立方体抗压强度最大相对误差为4.18%; 不同形状的粗骨料对混凝土力学性能有着不同的影响,圆形和椭圆形状粗骨料的模拟结果与试验值更为接近; 不同骨料含量下混凝土立方体抗压强度呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,轴心抗压强度则是先减小后增加再减小,劈裂抗拉强度在粗骨料含量为33%时达到最大值4.61 MPa,之后便逐渐降低; 随着孔隙率的增加,混凝土立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度和弹性模量均逐渐减小,劈裂抗拉强度在孔隙率为1.5%时降低较多,孔隙率为2%时有所上升。     

超高性能纤维增强混凝土初步研究

去除普通混凝土中的粗骨料以提高匀质性,同时在水泥基体中复合使用粉煤灰、硅粉和高效减水剂,并掺加微细钢纤维以增强韧性和延性,可以获得超高性能的水泥基纤维增强材料。试验结果表明,以水胶比为０．１６,配制出流动性良好的混凝土,达到抗压强度２３０ＭＰａ、抗折强度５０ＭＰａ。     

Performance of lightweight concrete with silica fume after high temperature

In this study, the effect of silica fume on compressive and splitting tensile strength of lightweight concrete after high temperature was investigated experimentally and statistically. The mixes incorporating 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% silica fumes were prepared. After being heated to temperatures of 200, 400 and 800 °C, respectively, the compressive and splitting tensile strength of lightweight concrete was tested. This article adopts Taguchi approach with an L₁₆ (4⁵) to reduce the numbers of experiment. Two control factors (percentage of silica fume and heating degree) for this study were used. The level of importance of these parameters on compressive and splitting tensile strength was determined by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) method.