Development of corn cob ash blended cement

In an attempt to convert waste product into useful material for the construction industry, this research considered the use of corn cob ash (CCA) as a pozzolan in cement production. The study investigated the chemical composition of CCA. Factory production of the CCA – blended cement was carried out by replacing 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by weight of Ordinary Portland Cement clinker with CCA. The 0% replacement serves as the control. The results showed that CCA is a suitable material for use as a pozzolan as it satisfied the minimum requirement of combined SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ of more than 70%, which a good pozzolan for manufacture of blended cement should meet. The blended cements produced also satisfied both NIS 439:2000 and ASTM C 150 requirements especially at lower levels (<15%) of CCA percentage replacement. Based on the test results, it was concluded that CCA could be suitably used in blended cement production.     

A study of the permeability and acid attack of corn cob ash blended cements

The durability of concrete made with corn cob ash (CCA) blended cement was investigated in this study. Permeability and chemical attack involving H₂SO₄ and HCl were the key parameters considered. Nine classes of CCA blended cements were employed with the CCA content ranging from 0% to 25%. The 0% CCA replacement involved the use of normal ordinary Portland cement and it served as the control. The water absorption of blended cement concrete was performed using 100 mm cube specimens of mix proportions 1:1½:3, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 with 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 water-to-binder ratios, respectively. The chemical attack test was carried out using 50 × 50 × 15 mm mortar specimens of mix proportions 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 with water-to-binder ratio ranging between 0.26 and 0.29. The results indicated that the use of CCA blended cement reduces the water absorption of concrete specimens. Optimal reduction occurred at 10% CCA replacement for 1:1½:3 and 1:2:4 mix proportions and at 15% CCA replacement for 1:3:6 mix proportion. The resistance to chemical attack was improved as the addition of CCA up to 15% replacement level, caused a decrease in permeability and reduction in weight loss due to reaction of the specimens with HCl and H₂SO₄ acid water.     

浅议混凝土间歇时间对和易性及抗压强度的影响

混凝土从搅拌站生产出来后,需经过一段间歇时间(运输时间、等候时间、浇筑时间)后,才能浇筑到工程结构部位。如果是浇筑墙体,间歇时间可能会达到4～5 h,间歇时间的延长可能会影响混凝土的使用性能。通过对不同强度等级混凝土试验,研究间歇时间对混凝土工作性及抗压强度的影响。结果表明在使用聚羧酸外加剂时,为保证混凝土拌合物的工作性,外加剂的二次加入量随着间歇时间的延长而增加,混凝土强度等级提高,外加剂的二次加入量随之增大;成型时间在4～5 h以内时,各强度等级混凝土的抗压强度无明显下降;混凝土加水调整前,各时间段成型的混凝土抗压强度变化不明显,加水调整后,混凝土各龄期抗压强度明显下降。     

Assessment of the effects of rice husk ash particle size on strength,water permeability and workability of binary blended concrete

This study develops the compressive strength, water permeability and workability of concrete by partial replacement of cement with agro-waste rice husk ash. Two types of rice husk ash with average particle size of 5 micron (ultra fine particles) and 95 micron and with four different contents of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight were used. Replacement of cement up to maximum of 15% and 20% respectively by 95 and 5 μm rice husk ash, produces concrete with improved strength. However, the ultimate strength of concrete was gained at 10% of cement replacement by ultra fine rice husk ash particles. Also the percentage, velocity and coefficient of water absorption significantly decreased with 10% cement replacement by ultra fine rice husk ash. Moreover, the workability of fresh concrete was remarkably improved by increasing the content of rice husk ash especially in the case of coarser size. It is concluded that partial replacement of cement with rice husk ash improves the compressive strength and workability of concrete and decreases its water permeability. In addition, decreasing rice husk ash average particle size provides a positive effect on the compressive strength and water permeability of hardened concrete but indicates adverse effect on the workability of fresh concrete.     

大掺量粉煤灰泵送混凝土早期抗压强度的试验研究

通过理论分析和试验,研究了大掺量粉煤灰对混凝土早期抗压强度及成本的影响。试验所选用的胶凝材料总量为375kg,以0~55%的粉煤灰替代水泥,减水剂的掺量固定为1.0%,引气剂的掺量固定为1.2酃。通过坍落度及不同龄期抗压强度等对比分析粉煤灰掺量对混凝土和易性及早期强度的影响。结果表明,混凝土早期抗压强度及成本随着粉煤灰掺量的增大而逐渐减小,运用粉煤灰等质量代替水泥(P·O42.5级水泥)可配制出28 d抗压强度为20 MPa以上,成本大大降低的大掺量粉煤灰混凝土。研究的结论为新疆地区粉煤灰的应用提供了有效途径,有助于制备高性能混凝土。     

嵌锁密实水泥混凝土及其工作性

为了充分发挥粗集料在水泥混凝土中的作用,在粗集料形成嵌锁骨架结构的基础上,提出嵌锁密实水泥混凝土,通过坍落度试验,分析了水灰比、砂率、水泥净浆填充比等对嵌锁密实水泥混凝土工作性的影响,回归得出了坍落度计算公式,对比验证得出,回归公式可以满足工程应用要求。     

粉煤灰、矿粉掺合料对低强度等级混凝土的强度及和易性的影响

粉煤灰和矿粉是低强度等级混凝土中最主要的掺合料、在未加掺合料的C30混凝土基础上,将粉煤灰、矿粉在混凝土中单掺或双掺,并以若干组不同掺量的粉煤灰、矿粉对混凝土不同龄期的强度和和易性变化进行研究。试验结果表明:粉煤灰对提高预拌混凝土的和易性效果极好,但混凝土的早期、中期强度发展缓慢,矿粉相对粉煤灰对混凝土各龄期强度发展较快,但和易性差于粉煤灰,二者双掺混凝土后各龄期强度及拌合物和易性均较好,最佳比例为水泥质量的30%~40%。     

粉煤灰掺量对混凝土抗压强度的影响

采用相同水灰比、相同砂率,以粉煤灰为单一变量,通过10组掺加粉煤灰的混凝土进行试验,得出粉煤灰对混凝土抗压强度的影响。试验结果表明:随着粉煤灰掺量的增大,对混凝土的早期强度影响不大,后期强度出现波动,先增加后减小;当粉煤灰掺加量为30%时,混凝土的后期强度最大。     

粉煤灰泡沫水泥抗压强度影响因素的研究

系统研究了粉煤灰泡沫水泥中粉煤灰掺量、水胶比及添加剂对产品抗压强度的影响,优化出粉煤灰的最佳掺量和水胶比,为改进泡沫水泥技术提供有价值的参考。     

高强混凝土抗压强度的试验研究

随着建筑业的快速发展,混凝土的强度提高是世界各国土木工程界普遍关注的问题。掺有硅灰的混凝土的耐久性得到了研究。研究水胶比和硅灰掺量等参数对高强混凝土的抗压强度的影响.通过试验的方法,找出不同情况下,高强混凝土的最优配合比设计。     

高掺量粉煤灰混凝土强度特性的试验研究

利用裂区试验设计方法分析了两种外加剂粉煤灰混凝土的强度特性，得出水胶比、粉煤灰掺量、外加剂种类是影响粉煤灰混凝土强度的显著因素，试验证明，I型外加剂更适宜于高掺量粉煤灰混凝土。     

溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度试验与理论预测

钙溶蚀是水环境中混凝土结构耐久性失效的主要原因,通过硝酸铵溶液加速溶蚀试验和损伤力学研究了溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度随溶蚀时间的退化规律。在该试验中,水胶比为0.5,粉煤灰掺量分别为0%、10%、20%和30%。试验结果表明,溶蚀深度近似与溶蚀时间的平方根成正比;溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土的抗压强度随着溶蚀时间的增加而下降,掺加粉煤灰可以降低溶蚀混凝土抗压强度的下降率。基于试验结果,把溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土的溶蚀深度和弹性模量表示成粉煤灰掺量和溶蚀时间的函数。再引入峰值应力时未溶蚀和已溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土力学损伤变量相等的假设,利用损伤力学讨论并提出了溶蚀粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度的解析预测方法。经与试验结果比较,初步证实了该预测方法的有效性,为混凝土结构的耐久性评估和设计提供理论依据。     

纤维增强的再生微粉混凝土工作性及抗压性能试验研究

以再生微粉混凝土为研究对象,探究了PVA纤维掺量、水胶比、砂胶比、再生微粉替代率、减水剂掺量等因素对再生微粉混凝土工作性及抗压性能的影响规律。研究表明,随PVA掺量、再生微粉掺量增加,拌合物流动度降低;当水胶比为0.24和0.28时拌合物保水性较好;再生微粉吸水率较高,使得流动性降低,即使添加过量减水剂也会出现泌水现象;各因素对再生微粉混凝土28 d抗压强度影响的主次顺序是水胶比>减水剂>再生微粉掺量>砂胶比>PVA纤维掺量;再生微粉掺量在25%时试件抗压强度最高。     

锂渣、粉煤灰高性能混凝土抗压强度试验研究

通过试验研究了水胶比、锂渣掺量及粉煤灰掺量对锂渣、粉煤灰高性能混凝土不同龄期抗压强度的影响.试验结果表明:混凝土各个龄期的抗压强度均随着各因素水平的增加呈现先增大后减小的规律.其中:水胶比对混凝土抗压强度的影响最为显著,锂渣掺量对混凝土早期抗压强度影响较为显著,而粉煤灰掺量则对混凝土后期抗压强度有着显著影响.     

回弹检测粉煤灰再生混凝土抗压强度试验研究

通过对粉煤灰掺量不同的再生粗骨料取代率为30％和50％的粉煤灰再生混凝土进行回弹检测其抗压强度,得出随着粉煤灰掺量的增加,粉煤灰再生混凝土的回弹值呈先下降后上升的趋势,为推测粉煤灰再生混凝土的专用测强曲线和回归方程提供了基础理论。     

石灰石粉混凝土抗压强度试验研究

使用3种粒径,4种掺量的石灰石粉等质量取代部分水泥,设计了石灰石粉混凝土,通过对C30混凝土拌合物进行抗压强度试验研究,找出了在不同粒径、不同掺量条件下,石灰石粉对混凝土抗压强度的影响规律。     

Investigation on the corrosion resistance of bagasse-rice husk-wood ash blended cement concrete by impressed voltage

In this study, the compressive strength, the durability to chloride penetration and the corrosion of concrete containing bagasse-rice husk-wood ash (BRWA) were tested. Normal strength concrete with water to binder ratio (w/b) of 0.45 and 0.60 were used. The Portland cement was partially replaced with BRWA at the dosage of 10% and 20% by weight of binder. For concrete with w/b of 0.60, the replacement level of 40% was also tested. The chloride penetration resistance of the concretes was evaluated using the measurement of non-steady state chloride diffusion coefficient by accelerated salt ponding. The accelerated corrosion test by impressed voltage (ACTIV) was also performed to verify the findings and to investigate the characteristics of corrosion in terms of the initial current, the time of initial crack, and the weight loss of embedded steel.From the experiment, it was found that the concrete with 20% BRWA had the highest gain of compressive strength at the ages ranging from 7 to 180 days. The results of the experiments of accelerated salt ponding were in good agreement and conformed with ACTIV. The increase of the incorporation of the BRWA reduced the chloride penetration. The diffusion coefficient was reduced by 30–40% and 65–70% for concrete containing 10% BRWA and 20% BRWA compared to control concrete. The results of ACTIV also indicated that the initial current and the weight loss of embedded steel reduced and the time of initial crack increased with the increase in the replacement level of BRWA.     

废橡胶混凝土抗压强度试验研究

本文研究废轮胎橡胶粉碎料作为一种添加成分取代部分粗骨料的混凝土的抗压强度。抗压强度的测试方法同时参照ASTM和普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准,其中还制备了100mm×100mm×100mm的试件,以分析不同测试方法和尺寸效应的影响。试件中采用的橡胶分别为橡胶粉和橡胶块,掺量为粗骨料体积的15%,30%,45%,以考察橡胶粒度和掺量变化对抗压强度的影响。试件制备时,还测试了坍落度与密度等参数。     

掺膨胀剂的水泥土无侧限抗压强度试验研究

为探究掺膨胀剂水泥浆液在土体加固方面的实用性和效果,在已研究掺膨胀剂水泥浆液基本性能的基础上,进一步展开掺膨胀剂水泥浆对土体加固后形成的水泥土无侧限抗压强度试验研究,研究了膨胀剂在影响土体性能的诸多因素中所占比重,优选出土体加固的最佳方案,为工程实践提供了可靠的理论依据。     

高强混凝土芯样抗压强度试验研究

针对采用不同粗骨料配制的50～90 MPa混凝土,分别钻取尺寸为φ100mm和φ70 mm两种芯样,测定其抗压强度,并与同条件养护的混凝土立方体抗压强度进行比较.试验结果表明,骨料品种对不同尺寸芯样的抗压强度影响不大,φ100mm芯样抗压强度（f10cor）与同条件养护的100mm立方体试件抗压强度（f10cu）相当,φ70 mm芯样抗压强度（f7cor）平均高出100mm立方体试件抗压强度约13%.因此,采用小芯样评定高强混凝土抗压强度时,需要进行修正.