无机盐对染料与非离子表面活性剂相互作用的影响

用光度法研究了对非离子表面活性剂ＴＸ－１００有盐溶、盐析作用的两种无机电解质（Ｎａ_２ ＳＯ_４和ＫＳＣＮ）对离子染料（漂蓝６Ｂ）与ＴＸ－１００相互作用的影响,得到了３种体系的相互作用常数 Ｋ及临界胶团浓度 ＣＭＣ。对于 ＥＣＡＢ＋ ＴＸ－ １００, ＥＣＡＢ＋ ＴＸ－ １００＋ Ｎａ_２ ＳＯ_４和 ＥＣＡＮ＋ ＴＸ－ １００＋ ＫＳＣＮ ３种体系,其 Ｋ值分别为 ２５５０, ７５３２和２４００ｄｍ_３· ｍｏｌ~（－１）; ＣＭＣ值分别为 ２． ５ × １０~（－４）,１．８７×１０~（－４）和１．８３×１０~（－４）ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ~（－３）。对所得结果作了合理解释。     

稀土—偶氮胂Ⅲ配合吸附波法测定稀土元素

在ｐＨ值为３的ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ介质中,镧,铈,镨与偶氮胂Ⅲ（ＡＳＡⅢ）形成配合物,并于－０．７１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生灵敏的配合物吸附波峰电流与镧,铈,镨浓度分别为３．６×１０＾－８～１．４×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１．８×１０＾－８～８．６×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,３．５×１０＾－８～７．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系,测得镧与偶氮胂Ⅲ的配合比为１：１。稳定常数为４．５×１０＾     

2.5次微分溶出伏安法同时测定水中痕量钴和镍

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨａ·Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＮＨ４Ｃｌ（ｐＨ＝８．９）和２．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ酸性铬兰Ｋ（ＡＣＢＫ）溶液中，钴和镍均产生非常灵敏的还原波，峰电位分别是－０．５２Ｖ和－０．６４Ｖ（８８·ＳＣＥ），峰电流与钻和镍的浓度分别在３．０×１０－８～５．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和２．０×１０－～４２×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，该法用于测定水中痕量钴和镍，结果令人满意。     

有机硅—丙烯酸酯乳液共聚合

以硅氧烷，丙烯酸乙酯为原料，经乳液聚合制备了有机硅－丙烯酸酯共聚物。实验证明，在以丙烯酸乙酯为主的体系中，加入不大于３０％（质量）的硅氧烷进行乳液共聚合，不影响聚合反应的正常进行，当乳化剂液度（［Ｅ］）为（２．０１－１０．０９）×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，引发剂浓度（［Ｉ］）为（０．８６－５．２６）×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，本体系聚合动力学关系式为Ｒ∝［Ｅ］＾０．６［Ｉ］＾０．５；共聚胶乳粒子的粒径及     

铜（Ⅱ）,N,N‘—双（3,5—二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺配合物吸附波及其应用

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ３，Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，铜（Ⅱ）－Ｎ，Ｎ’－双（３，５－二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺（Ｄｂｓａｌ－ｏ－ＰｈｄｎＨ２）配合物产生灵敏的吸附波，波的峰电位是－０．３８Ｖ（ｖｓ·ＳＣＥ），峰电流与铜（）的浓度在２．０×１０－８－８．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成正比，检测限是６×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，本方法用于检测水中的铜，回收率为９７．５％～１０３％。     

磷酸三丁酯为载体的乳状液膜体系迁移钇(Ⅲ)的研究

本文用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－ＬＭＳ－２磺化煤油乳状液膜体系研究了Ｙ（Ⅲ）的迁移行为。当膜相组成为５．０％ＴＢＰ的２．０％ＬＭＳ－２,内相为０．１０ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３ＮａＨＣＯ３,外相含６ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３,ＮＨ４ＮＯ３,酸度为ｐＨ＝３时,Ｙ能快速并完全迁移。     

新发光试剂N-(β-羧基丙酰基)异鲁米诺的合成及性能的研究

合成了新发光试剂Ｎ－（β－羧基丙酰基）异鲁米诺（ＣＰＩＬ），并对其化学发光性能进行了研究。ＣＰＩＬ在ＮａＨＣＯ３－ＮａＯＨ介质中与Ｈ２Ｏ２反应，线性范围为２×１０－１０～１×１０－８ｍｏｌ／ＬＣＰＩＬ，检测限为１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，测定１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ　ＣＰＩＬ溶液，相对标准偏差为６．４％。Ｃｏ２＋对ＣＰＩＬ的化学发光反应具有催化增强作用（增强１０倍），当体系中加入一定量的Ｃｏ２＋溶液时，ＣＰＩＬ的浓度在４×１０－１１～１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ从范围内具有良好的线性关系，检测限为８×１０－１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，灵敏度高于文献报道的ＡＢＥＩ－Ｃｏ２－ＮａＣＩＯ发光体系。     

一次低烧SrTiO3基晶界层电容器的研究

研究了以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３为助烧结剂、Ｓｒ（Ｌｉ１／４Ｎｂ３／４）Ｏ３为施主掺杂剂、Ｂｉ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２为晶界绝缘剂的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层电容器的一次低温烧成技术。初步探索了Ｔｉ／Ｓｒ比值、施主掺杂剂、绝缘剂对显微结构及介电性能的影响。在１１５０℃烧成温度下，获得了εａｐｐ〉３．５×１０＾４；ｐ〉１．０×１０＾１１Ω·ｃｍ；ｔｇδ〈１．０％；ΔＣ／Ｃ〈±５．０％（－２５￣＋８５℃）的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层     

ZnO—B2O3—SiO2系统的介电性能研究

对ＺｎＯ－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元系统进行了ＸＲＤ和介电性能研究，提出系统的主晶相为方石英，另外还存在Ｚｎ２ＳｉＯ４相。Ｚｎ２ＳｉＯ４的ε为７．７，ｔｇδ≤５×１０＾－４，αｃ（介电常数温度变化率）为＋９０×１０＾－５／℃。调整各组分，获得一系列αｃ〉０的超低介电常数的介质陶瓷，其中介电性能为：ε≤５，Ｒｉ≥１０＾１３Ω，αｃ＝０±３０×１０＾－５／℃的组分，其烧结温度为１１４０℃，可用来制造高频低     

催化光度法测定痕量铁的一种新方法

研究了在过硫酸钾存在的条件下，痕量铁（Ⅲ）对酸性靛蓝氧化褪色的催化作用，建立了一种测量痕量铁的新方法。其影响催化褪色反应速度的最佳条件检测限为：９．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３，线性范围：０．００５￣０．０５μｇ／ｍｌ（即９．０×１０＾－８￣９．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３）。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.