聚醚共聚酰胺多层复合气体分离膜的制备及其分离性能

采用浸渍涂覆法,以聚醚共聚酰胺PEBA1074嵌段高分子为选择层膜材料制备具有超薄分离层的PEI/PDMS/PEBA1074/PDMS多层复合气体分离膜,探讨了操作条件对H2、N2、CH4和CO2等在多层复合膜中的渗透性能的影响.多层复合膜对极性气体具有较高的渗透通量,并且对极性/非极性气体分离体系具有较高的选择性.CO2对多层复合膜存在增塑作用,其渗透通量随操作压力的增加而增加;随着操作温度的升高,H2、N2、CH4和CO2在复合膜中的渗透通量显著增大,而CO2/非极性气体(H2、N2和CH4)的分离系数减小.气体渗透通量与温度的关系在PEO链段熔点的上下分别满足不同的Arrhenius方程.当操作温度大于PEO链段熔点温度时,气体的渗透活化能减小.     

聚醚共聚酰胺复合气体分离膜的制备与分离性能

以湿涂方式,采用浸渍涂层方法,通过溶剂蒸发制得聚醚共聚酰胺PEBA2533平板复合气体分离膜,探讨了在复合膜制备过程中,涂层液溶剂的选择、底膜、涂层浓度、涂层温度以及固化干燥时间等因素对CO2/N2体系渗透分离性能的影响.正丙醇和水的互溶性导致了大量表面缺陷的形成,使得以正丙醇为溶剂制得的复合气体分离膜对CO2/N2体系没有选择性.以正丁醇做溶剂,涂层质量分数大于5%时,形成具有致密分离层的复合气体分离膜,CO2/N2分离系数达到本征分离性能.涂层温度的升高促使复合膜表面缺陷的增加,导致CO2/N2的分离系数减小.     

聚醚共聚酰胺-三醋酸甘油酯多层复合气体分离膜的制备及其分离性能

以聚醚共聚酰胺Pebax1074为分离层主体膜材料,以三醋酸甘油酯(GTA)为添加剂,制备具有超薄分离层的Psf/PDMS/Pebax1074和Psf/PDMS/Pebax1074-GTA/PDMS多层复合气体分离膜.考察了Pebax1074和GTA浓度、温度、压力等条件对H2、N2、CH4和CO2等在复合膜中的渗透性能的影响.结果显示,随Pebax1074浓度的增大,Psf/PDMS/Pebax1074膜对气体的渗透通量急剧下降,气体选择性逐渐增大至接近Pebax1074本征值.当GTA质量分数大于50%,Psf/PDMS/Pebax1074-GTA复合膜的气体渗透通量大幅增加,而气体选择性不高.利用硅橡胶对复合膜表面保护后,气体选择性接近Pebax1074材料本征值.Psf/PDMS/Pebax1074-GTA/PDMS多层复合膜对CO2具有较高的渗透通量和较高的选择性.CO2对多层复合膜存在塑化效应,渗透通量随压差增大而增大;随着操作温度的升高,H2、N2、CH4和CO2在复合膜中的渗透通量显著增大,而CO2/(N2、CH4、H2)的分离系数减小.     

聚醚共聚酰胺膜的制备与分离性能

以橡胶态聚醚共聚酰胺(Pebax1074)嵌段共聚物为膜材料,采用流延法制备亲水性无缺陷的Pebax1074均质膜.由于Pebax1074嵌段高分子中的聚环氧乙烷(PEO)链段对CO2分子的亲和性,Pebax1074膜对CO2/非极性气体分离体系有较高的分离性能.CO2渗透系数由于增塑作用随膜两侧压差的增大而显著增大,且温度越低增塑作用越大;而N2、CH4和H2等非极性气体的渗透系数由于流体静力学压力效应随膜两侧压差增大略有减小,温度越高流体静力学压力效应越弱.N2、CH4、H2和CO2在Pebax1074膜中的渗透系数均可用Arrhenius方程描述,且随着压力的升高,CO2的渗透活化能下降,而N2、CH4和H2非极性气体的渗透活化能升高.     

聚醚共聚酰胺/聚乙二醇共混膜的制备及其气体渗透性能的研究

以聚醚共聚酰胺(Pebax1074)嵌段共聚物和分子量为400的聚乙二醇(PEG400)为膜材料,采用聚合物共混和流延成膜的方法,制备出不同质量比的均一透明Pebax1074/PEG400共混均质膜.PEG400作为塑化剂与Pebax1074共混之后,改变了聚合物链段的活动性,增加了醚氧键的含量,使N2、H2、CH4和CO2渗透系数以及CO2对其它气体的选择性都得到了增加.操作条件对气体在共混膜中的渗透性能也有较大的影响.由于塑化效应的作用,膜两侧的压差对CO2和非极性气体的渗透系数影响不同,并且随共混膜中PEG400含量的变化而变化.气体在共混膜中的渗透系数随操作温度的升高而增大,通过Arrhenius方程可把渗透通量与温度联系起来.     

聚醚共聚酰胺/吐温20凝胶膜的制备及其气体渗透性能

通过溶剂挥发法制备了高渗透性聚醚共聚酰胺/吐温20(PEBA/Tween20)凝胶膜,并对其密度、结晶结构和力学强度进行了表征,探讨了Tween20含量对凝胶膜CO2、N2渗透性能的影响。结果表明:PEBA/Tween20凝胶膜具有优异的力学性能,Tween20的加入使得膜结构疏松,膜内聚酰胺链段的结晶消失,因而CO2和N2在凝胶膜内的渗透系数显著增加。同时,Tween20中的乙氧基团(EO基团)对CO2有较强的溶解能力,因而膜的CO2/N2选择性也相应增加。当Tween20含量从0增加到65%(质量分数)时,凝胶膜的CO2渗透系数由169barrer增加到267barrer,CO2/N2的理想分离因子从22.53增加到36.58。     

聚天冬氨酸/聚醚共聚酰胺互穿网络水凝胶复合膜的制备及其性能研究

以聚琥珀酰亚胺(PSI)为改性剂,己二胺(HDA)为交联剂,通过原位交联及水解,制备了聚天冬氨酸/聚醚共聚酰胺(PAsp/PEBA)互穿网络水凝胶复合膜(PAsp/PEBA复合膜)。探讨了PAsp/PEBA复合膜的组成对膜吸水性能、水含量及其在膜中存在状态的影响;采用衰减全反射-红外光谱、扫描电镜及热重等手段对膜进行了表征。结果表明:PAsp组分的引入不但能有效调控PAsp/PEBA复合膜的含水率及其存在状态,而且能同时提高PEBA的力学性能,当PSI用量为15%(PSI占PEBA的质量分数),己二胺用量为3%时,复合膜的综合性能最优,吸水率可达32.01%,结合水含量为3.19%;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别比纯PEBA膜提高了21.80%和43.42%;SEM表明,当PSI用量为20%时,复合膜出现相分离。     

CO2/N2分离中水合物膜形成的影响因素研究

温室效应是如今人类所面临的一个重大问题,而二氧化碳对温室效应的"贡献"最大,因此发展研究捕集CO2的新型高效节能技术及相关理论,对避免温室效应,保护环境具有极其重要的意义.本文提出了将膜分离法和水合物法结合起来即水合物膜法,并利用自行组建的水合物膜法分离二氧化碳实验系统初步探索了多孔陶瓷管的孔径,体系的压力、温度、气体...     

Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite composite membranes for CO2 separation

ZSM-5 type zeolites were synthesized by the hydrothermal treatment of the reaction mixture of silica sol, aluminum nitrate, sodium hydroxide, and TPABr at the temperature range of 150–180 °C in the autoclave. The shape of the ZSM-5 zeolite calcined at 450 °C was spherical or polyhedral and its crystalline size was 0.5–3 m. The synthetic ZSM-5 was found to be highly hydrophobic and active for CO₂ adsorption. ZSM-5 zeolite composite membranes supported with porous -alumina tubes have been synthesized by dip coating or pressurized coating of the reaction sol-mixture followed by hydrothermal treatment. The permeation mechanism of CO₂ through ZSM-5 membranes was a surface diffusion and the membranes prepared by the pressurized-coating hydrothermal treatment showed a fairly high CO₂/N₂ separation factor of 9.0 and a permeability of 10^–8–10^–7 mol/m² ·s·Pa at room temperature.     

Reduced graphene oxide/metal oxide nanoparticles composite membranes for highly efficient molecular separation

Graphene oxide(GO) membranes play an important role in various nanofiltration applications including desalination, water purification, gas separation, and pervaporation. However, it is still very challenging to achieve both high separation efficiency and good water permeance at the same time. Here, we synthesized two kinds of GO-based composite membranes i.e. reduced GO(rGO)@MoO_2 and rGO@WO_3 by in-situ growth of metal nanoparticles on the surface of GO sheets. They show a high separation efficiency of ～100% for various organic dyes such as rhodamine B, methylene blue and evans blue, along with a water permeance over 125 Lm~(-2) h~(-1) bar~(-1). The high water permeance and rejection efficiency open up the possibility for the real applications of our GO composite membranes in water purification and wastewater treatment. Furthermore, this composite strategy can be readily extended to the fabrication of other ultrathin molecular sieving membranes for a wide range of molecular separation applications.     

An approach to prepare defect-free PES/MFI-type zeolite mixed matrix membranes for CO2/N2 separation

Polyethersulfone (PES) and MFI-type zeolite mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were successfully fabricated by a novel particle suspension impregnating and solution-casting method. The effects of two different membrane preparation methods on the membrane morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy; the particle crystal type and distribution were explored by X-ray diffraction and fourier transform attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the MFI-zeolite particles were successfully synthesized, with particle diameter around 250 nm. Distribution and dispersion of MFI-zeolite particles suspended in the polymer matrix are homogeneous and uniform. The thermal analysis indicates that the glass transition temperature (T _g) of MMMs is around 230 °C and the initial degradation temperature is up to 460 °C in air. The increment of T _g compared to the neat PES confirms that the polymer chain rigidification is induced by zeolite particles. The MMMs have been evaluated by the CO₂/N₂ separation factor and permeability measured as a function of permeation temperature, the maximum separation factor of the PES/10 % MFI-silica zeolite for the pure gas reaches 35 at 25 °C.     

分离CO2的促进传递膜

促进传递膜在分离机制上有别于普通分离膜，由于透过组分与膜中载体之间特异性的可逆反应使其性能优异．文章综述了国内外近年来在分离CO2促进传递膜方面的研究进展，特别介绍了本课题组在固定载体膜方面的研究结果，选择、研制固定工体膜材料所遵循的基本思路，以及对固定地体膜内传递机理所做的一些新探索．     

Cu3(BTC)2对PDMS/PEI复合膜气体分离的改性研究

将金属骨架化合物(MOFs) ——Cu3(BTC)2填充到聚二甲基硅氧烷中,制备聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚醚酰亚胺(PDMS/PEI)非对称平板复合膜,进行了4种气体O2、N2、CO2及CH4的渗透过程研究,考察了Cu3 (BTC)2填充量及操作条件对膜分离性能的影响.结果表明,随Cu3 (BTC)2填充量的增加,4种气体的渗透通量及O2/N2、CO2/N2和CO2/CH4的分离系数较未改性的复合膜均有所提高,其中填充量为25％的改性复合膜获得了较优的效果;随操作压力的升高,气体的渗透通量增大而分离系数略有上升;随操作温度的升高,气体的渗透通量增大,CO2/N2和O2/N2的分离系数有所下降,而CO2/CH4的分离系数略有增加.