自组装碳纳米管和聚吡咯对羊毛导电性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用羧基化碳纳米管(CNT-COOH)对羊毛织物进行静电自组装,以吡咯(PY)原位聚合法制备聚吡咯(PPY)自组装于羊毛织物表面,得到CNT-COOH和PPY协同导电羊毛织物。研究了CNT-COOH质量浓度、PY体积浓度、自组装顺序对羊毛织物导电性能的影响,测试了导电羊毛织物的耐洗性,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CNT-COOH和PPY组装羊毛织物进行了表征。结果表明,当CNT-COOH质量浓度2 g/L、PY体积浓度6 mL/L时,自组装羊毛/CNTCOOH/PPY和羊毛/PPY/CNT-COOH织物均具有较好的导电性,表面电阻值分别为9.22 kΩ/cm和5.42 kΩ/cm;羊毛/CNT-COOH/PPY和羊毛/PPY/CNT-COOH织物经过30次水洗后表面电阻值变化较小,说明自组装羊毛织物的耐洗性好;SEM表征也证实了CNT-COOH和PPY在羊毛织物表面的沉积。     

自组装碳纳米管和聚吡咯对羊毛导电性能的影响

采用羧基化碳纳米管(CNT-COOH)对羊毛织物进行静电自组装，以吡咯(PY)原位聚合法制备聚吡咯(PPY)自组装于羊毛织物表面，得到CNT-COOH和PPY协同导电羊毛织物。研究了CNT-COOH质量浓度、PY体积浓度、自组装顺序对羊毛织物导电性能的影响，测试了导电羊毛织物的耐洗性，并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CNT-COOH和PPY组装羊毛织物进行了表征。结果表明，当CNT-COOH质量浓度2 g/L、PY体积浓度6 mL/L时，自组装羊毛/CNTCOOH/PPY和羊毛/PPY/CNT-COOH织物均具有较好的导电性，表面电阻值分别为9.22 kΩ/cm和5.42 kΩ/cm；羊毛/CNT-COOH/PPY和羊毛/PPY/CNT-COOH织物经过30次水洗后表面电阻值变化较小，说明自组装羊毛织物的耐洗性好；SEM表征也证实了CNT-COOH和PPY在羊毛织物表面的沉积。     

锦氨混纺织物纤维含量定量试验方法探讨

本文基于锦纶与氨纶在不同溶剂中溶解性的差异,探讨用化学溶解法测定锦纶与氨纶混纺比的可行性与使用何种溶剂进行溶解的最优性。采用FZ/T 01095-2002的手拆法和20%盐酸法、GB/T 2910.20-2009的二甲基乙酰胺法、GB/T 2910.7-2009的80%甲酸法分别测定锦氨织物的混纺比,并对比这几种方法各自的优劣特点。结果表明,20%盐酸法的测试数据与拆分法相差只有0.04%,标准偏差0.04,置信界限为0.05%,操作简便,准确度与精密度较高,完全能够满足锦氨混纺织物纤维含量定量分析的要求。     

兰州化物所研发改善纤维织物复合材料摩擦性能新方法

<正>聚四氟乙烯/芳纶纤维(PTFE/Nomex)混纺织物具有自润滑性、高强度,且应用范围广等特点。然而,芳纶纤维和聚四氟乙烯纤维的表面惰性及较小的粗糙度阻碍了织物和粘结树脂之间的有效粘结,从而影响了聚四氟乙烯/芳纶纤维混纺织物-聚合物基复合材料的抗磨损性能。填充剂填充和织物表面改性是改进织物复合材料摩擦性能的常用方法。但是,将润滑剂加入聚合物基体,在减少     

聚苯胺整理羊毛织物的导电性能

采用低温等离子体预处理工艺刻蚀羊毛表面鳞片并引入活性基团,将织物先后浸轧苯胺单体盐酸溶液和过硫酸铵盐酸溶液,于密封环境中进行原位聚合反应,制得导电性能优良的聚苯胺/羊毛复合导电织物。采用多种表征方法考察了整理前后织物的化学结构、微观形貌、热稳定性及导电性能。研究表明,整理后的羊毛织物表面形成了均匀的聚苯胺导电层,热稳定性有了一定程度的改善,其电导率可达1.075S/cm。     

洋麻/棉混纺织物增强环氧树脂复合材料的性能研究

对以环氧树脂为基体,不同混纺比的洋麻/棉混纺织物为增强体所制备的复合材料进行力学性能测试,从而优选最佳洋麻/棉混纺比。然后对最佳混纺比的洋麻/棉混纺织物进行阻燃处理,并测试其增强环氧树脂复合材料力学性能。结果表明,洋麻/棉(40/60)混纺织物增强环氧树脂复合材料力学性能最优,其拉伸强度和模量分别为101.9MPa和6.16GPa;弯曲强度和模量分别为189.64MPa和12.14GPa;剪切强度为17.47MPa。经过阻燃处理的洋麻/棉(40/60)混纺织物增强环氧树脂复合材料其拉伸强度和模量分别为67.85 MPa和5.81GPa;弯曲强度和模量分别为126.02 MPa和8.96GPa;剪切强度为13.62MPa;阻燃性能为自息时间0s,损毁长度4cm;其性能满足汽车零件性能要求,具有一定的实际应用性。     

多层金属纤维混纺织物的电磁屏蔽效能

金属纤维混纺织物由于具有较好的电磁屏蔽性能得到了广泛应用,但其屏蔽效能受纺织工艺等诸多因素影响,难以建立精确的计算模型。在分析介质平板屏蔽体屏蔽效能的基础上提出等效算法,将金属纤维混纺织物等效为均匀介质平板,以计算多层织物材料的电磁屏蔽效能。通过测试单、双层金属纤维混纺织物的电磁屏蔽效能,验证了等效方法的正确性和可行性,可用于指导复合材料的设计。     

改善羊毛织物的热特性

用含卤素和含钛、锆化合物的溶液处理羊毛织物后用热分析方法、剩碳率、氧指数等手段测定羊毛织物热特性,用Kissinger 方法测定羊毛织物的热降解活化能。实验证明经过阻燃处理过的羊毛织物其分解温度和热降解活化能降低,剩碳率和氧指数提高。     

纳米TiO2-Ag复合光催化剂对涤棉混纺织物净化氨气性能的改善研究

本研究中采用沉积法制备了纳米TiO2-Ag复合光催化剂水分散液，然后应用浸轧方法将纳米TiO2-Ag复合光催化剂负载于涤棉混纺织物表面，制成了具有光催化特性的纳米TiO2-Ag负载涤棉混纺织物，并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等对其进行了表征。最后在自行设计的光催化反应器和小型环境舱系统中，研究了纳米TiO2-Ag负载涤棉混纺织物对模拟室内混凝土释放氨气的光催化净化性能，并与纳米TiO2负载的涤棉混纺织物和纯棉织物进行了比较。     

Ag/MWNTs-羊毛抗菌功能化纤维的结合机理研究

以自制Ag/MWNTs抗菌剂为功能材料,采用紫外光辐照的方法制备了抗菌Ag/MWNTs-羊毛纤维。运用场发射扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪等对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征,同时表征了抗菌处理前后羊毛纤维的品质特征。研究结果表明羊毛纤维与具有良好抗菌功能的Ag/MWNTs抗菌剂紧密复合并通过偶联剂的架桥作用,在羊毛纤维表面形成以价键形式结合的抗菌层。与原羊毛相比,抗菌Ag/MWNTs-羊毛纤维长度较长,细度变细,卷曲回复率较高。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...