混装不同叶轮的多级离心泵驼峰性能研究

针对多级离心泵小流量区域的扬程易产生驼峰、运行不稳定的问题,提出了一种不同水力的叶轮进行混装的改进方案,并通过对比试验对改善扬程驼峰的有效性进行了验证,结果表明：通过叶片数为5、出口宽度为23.7 mm的A叶轮与叶片数为3、出口宽度为33.6 mm的B叶轮进行混装,较好地改善了多级离心泵小流量区域的扬程驼峰;效率为76%的A叶轮与效率为75%的B叶轮混装后泵效率为75.7%,不会因改善驼峰而牺牲泵的效率;相较传统的通过改变单个叶轮水力模型的叶片数、叶片出口角、叶轮出口宽度等参数来改善扬程驼峰的方法,更加方便灵活,且不会因改善驼峰而牺牲泵的效率。研究结论可为改善多级离心泵扬程驼峰的设计方法提供参考。     

中比转速离心泵无过载优化设计

对D450-60-10型中比转速离心泵进行无过载优化设计,原始方案采用模型换算法设计模型泵进行试验并换算得到原型泵性能,同时利用Fluent模拟得到模型泵和原型泵性能,对泵性能分析后提出基于叶片出口角、叶轮出口直径和叶轮出口宽度等结构参数的3种原型泵优化方案。结果表明:当叶片出口角β2=10°时,与β2=15°相比,功率曲线的拐点更接近额定工况点,且最大功率下降了6.78%,但会牺牲部分扬程;3种优化方案下离心泵都达到了无过载的要求,功率备用系数K均小于1.2;最佳方案(叶轮出口直径D2=0.49m,叶轮出口宽度b2=0.03m,叶片出口角β2=10°)的功率备用系数最低,为1.09,与原始方案相比,扬程和效率分别提高了6.94%、1.95%,为中比转速离心泵无过载设计提供了参考。     

叶轮流道宽度对泵性能的影响

用试验方式研究了改变叶轮流道宽度时泵的扬程,效率曲线的变化趋势,以及关死点扬程、最高效率点的变化规律。在此基础上提出了在离心泵设计中存在着一个最佳叶轮流道宽度的观点。     

基于二次回归正交组合设计低比转速离心泵叶轮的优化设计

为改善某低比转速离心泵的水力性能,运用二次回归正交组合方法设计试验方案,选取7个主要的叶轮几何参数作为研究因素,包括叶轮出口直径D_2、叶片出口宽度b_2、叶片出口角β_2、叶片包角ψ、叶片数Z、短叶片前缘周向偏置度θ_1和短叶片尾缘相对周向偏置度τ_1,利用CFX对试验设计方案进行定常数值模拟计算,基于试验方案模拟结果建立以扬程和效率2个响应的二次多项式回归预测数学模型。分析结果表明:叶片数对该离心泵扬程和效率影响最大,叶轮出口直径的变化相比其他因素对泵扬程和效率的综合影响更加突出,基于二次多项式回归数学模型频率分析法筛选出的最佳优化方案达到了预期的优化效果。     

基于正交设计法的中比转速泵无过载优化设计

以D82-19-2型中比转速离心泵为研究对象,选取导叶喉部面积、叶片数、叶片包角、叶轮出口直径、叶轮出口宽度、叶片出口角、叶轮进口直径7个参数为变量,运用正交设计法制定七因素三水平正交方案L18(37),借助数值模拟方法对泵的性能进行预测,通过分析得到了几何参数对中比转速离心泵性能影响的主次顺序:叶片数对扬程和效率的影响起主要作用,叶片包角对轴功率的影响起主要作用;正交优化方案的数值模拟结果表明,该方案既满足无过载性能的要求,又保持了较高的效率,可为中比转速离心泵无过载设计提供参考。     

非径向叶片旋涡泵性能的研究(报告Ⅰ,性能和内部流动)

该类泵有与半径倾斜一个角度的叶片,已完成45°～135°的十一个叶片角度和四个流道每一组合的性能试验。作者还用高速照相机和包括新型皮托管在内的几个探针对内部流动进行了观察。结论如下: 1.泵的性能受叶片角度和流道截面积的影响; 2.关死扬程与最高效率点的扬程之比值和最大功率,随叶片角的增大而减少; 3.有一个规则的液流在流道及叶片之间循环,而     

340MW核电机组常规岛给水泵叶轮出口宽度研究

增加叶轮出口宽度是降低离心泵关断点扬程的典型方法,针对巴基斯坦恰希玛340MW核电机组给水泵关断点扬程过高问题,分别提出四种增加叶轮出口宽度的方式对其进行改型设计。对其中一种改型方案通过试验方法研究,其余三种改型方案分别采用CFD方法研究。结果表明：移动前盖板出口的方法对降低关断点扬程的效果最佳;其水力性能参数优于其余三种方法,相比于原型叶轮,高效点对应流量增大3．1％;当Q=0．25Qd,叶轮出口宽度变化比与扬程变化比在一定范围内满足二次多项式回归关系,并在1．05≤b2＇／b2≤1．075之间存在最大关断点扬程下降。     

离心泵S形叶片流动特性及水力性能分析

对离心泵而言，叶片出口角β₂是影响泵性能的一个重要参数。基于Fluent离心泵全流场数值模拟，对某型号低比转数离心泵进行了大出口角叶形的改形设计，研究了不同大出口角对离心泵水力性能的影响，并对比分析了原模型泵与S形叶片离心泵水力特性及流动特性。结果表明：离心泵扬程随着出口角的增大而增大，在出口角为90°时达到最大值。当出口角为90°时，S形叶片的水力性能最佳，在设计工况下及大流量工况泵扬程显著提升且效率有小幅度提升，但小流量工况下泵效率略有下降。S形叶片可以有效抑制离心泵叶轮内的边界层分离现象，且随着流量的增大抑制效果越明显。     

诱导轮叶片参数对大流量离心泵汽蚀性能的影响

诱导轮作为离心泵的重要辅助部件之一,对水泵汽蚀性能的改善有重要作用。针对某大流量离心泵汽蚀性能不佳的问题,采用响应面分析和数值模拟的方式,对该离心泵的诱导轮叶片参数进行了优化,探究了诱导轮导程、叶片厚度和叶片数对大流量离心泵汽蚀性能的影响规律。首先,构建了大流量离心泵的仿真模型,对其进行了外特性计算,将计算结果与试验结果进行了对比,对仿真结果的可靠性进行了验证;然后,根据诱导轮扬程与泵汽蚀性能呈正相关的规律,以诱导轮的叶片参数(导程L、厚度T、叶片数Z)为变量因素,以诱导轮扬程最大为优化目标,对诱导轮进行了响应面计算分析,得到了响应面优化后的诱导轮叶片参数,并对比分析了优化前后诱导轮的扬程;最后,针对诱导轮优化前后的离心泵,在不同工况下进行了叶轮汽蚀情况和临界汽蚀余量对比分析。研究结果表明：叶片导程对诱导轮扬程的影响不大,而减小叶片厚度、增加叶片数可以大幅提高诱导轮扬程;额定工况下,经响应面优化后的诱导轮扬程提高了0.6 m,泵的临界汽蚀余量相比原型泵降低了0.15 m。该结果可以为大流量离心泵诱导轮的优化设计提供理论参考。     

航空燃油离心泵抗汽蚀优化设计及仿真

针对航空燃油离心泵工作时出现的汽蚀问题,采用正交试验法对离心泵叶轮进行优化设计.选取叶轮出口直径D2、叶轮出口宽度b2、叶片数Z、叶片厚度H为正交试验的4个因素,完成了正交试验并对试验结果进行极差分析,得到了以泵汽蚀余量为优化指标的影响排序,并最终获得最优参数组合.通过流场仿真对现用离心泵和优化后离心泵的泵汽蚀余量和蒸...     

极低比转速叶轮内流体的流动分析和叶轮的设计

通过分析得出影响低比转速离心泵效率的主要原因是在叶轮出口存在二次流、边界层的分离等而引起的射流一尾迹结构并提出了改进的方法。实例表明文中提出的加大叶轮出口宽度,采用较大的叶片出口安放角,较大的叶片包角和叶片的线型前部采用较小曲率半径,后部分采用较大的曲率半径等叶轮设计方法能够设计出具有较高效率和较好性能的低比转速离心泵。     

Influence of blade thickness on transient flow characteristics of centrifugal slurry pump with semi-open impeller

As the critical component, the impellers of the slurry pumps usually have blades of a large thickness. The increasing excretion coefficient of the blades affects the flow in the impeller resulting in a relatively higher hydraulic loss, which is rarely reported. In order to investigate the influence of blade thickness on the transient flow characteristics of a centrifugal slurry pump with a semi-open impeller, transient numerical simulations were carried out on six impellers, of which the meridional blade thickness from the leading edge to trailing edge varied from 5-10 mm, 5-15 mm, 5-20 mm, 10-10 mm, 10-15 mm, and 10-20 mm, respectively. Then, two of the six impellers, namely cases 4 and 6, were manufactured and experimentally tested for hydraulic performance to verify the simulation results. Results of these tests agreed reasonably well with those of the numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that when blade thickness increases, pressure fluctuations at the outlet of the impeller become severe. Moreover, the standard deviation of the relative velocity in the middle portion of the suction sides of the blades decreases and that at the outlet of the impeller increases. Thus, the amplitude of the impeller head pulsation for each case increases. Meanwhile, the distribution of the time-averaged relative flow angle becomes less uniform and decreases at the outlet of the impeller. Hence, as the impeller blade thickness increases, the pump head drops rapidly and the maximum efficiency point is offset to a lower flow rate condition. As the thickness of blade trailing edge increases by 10 mm, the head of the pump drops by approximately 5 m, which is approximately 10 % of the original pump head. Futhermore, it is for the first time that the time-averaged relative flow angle is being considered for the analysis of transient flow in centrifugal pump. The presented work could be a useful guideline in engineering practice when designing a centrifugal slurry pump with thick impeller blades.

     

离心泵叶轮主要几何参数与反作用度之间的关系研究

反作用度对离心泵叶片的形状有很大的影响,在离心泵叶轮的水力设计中应该予以考虑。基于反作用度的定义,建立了反作用度与离心泵叶片几何参数的关系;同时用数学方法论证了离心泵反作用度与叶片出口角之间的关系;在此基础上,探讨了比转速与反作用度的关系。分析表明:反作用度随比转速的增大而增大。考虑反作用度对叶轮流道的影响作用,将推导出的公式应用于离心泵的水力设计中,预估叶片进口角,以减小了冲角选取的盲目性。     

偏离工况下离心泵的压力脉动和振动分析

为分析偏离工况下离心泵压力脉动和振动情况,本文采用大涡模拟和滑移网格技术研究一离心泵在偏离工况下叶轮内部和叶轮与蜗壳动静干涉位置的压力脉动,并对其进行了频域分析。分析结果表明:离心泵内部流动产生的压力脉动主频多数情况下是其通过频率。在不同运行工况下,叶轮出口处的压力脉动幅值均最大,大流量偏离工况下离心泵内部各部分压力脉动特性与设计工况基本相同,只是脉动幅值略有增大;小流量偏离工况下,离心泵叶轮出口(叶轮和蜗壳动静干涉区域)压力脉动幅值有所增大,脉动主频不再是通过频率,而且其频谱宽度明显增大;当离心泵运行工况小于0.6Q时,压力脉动明显比设计工况剧烈。     

Effects of Blade Number on Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps

The blade number of impeller is an important design parameter of pumps,which affects the characteristics of pump heavily.At present,the investigation focuses mostly on the performance characteristics of axis flow pumps,the influence of blade number on inner flow filed and characteristics of centrifugal pump has not been understood completely.Therefore,the methods of numerical simulation and experimental verification are used to investigate the effects of blade number on flow field and characteristics of a centrifugal pump.The model pump has a design specific speed of 92.7 and an impeller with 5 blades.The blade number is varied to 4,6,7 with the casing and other geometric parameters keep constant.The inner flow fields and characteristics of the centrifugal pumps with different blade number are simulated and predicted in non-cavitation and cavitation conditions by using commercial code FLUENT.The impellers with different blade number are made by using rapid prototyping,and their characteristics are tested in an open loop.The comparison between prediction values and experimental results indicates that the prediction results are satisfied.The maximum discrepancy of prediction results for head,efficiency and required net positive suction head are 4.83%,3.9% and 0.36 m,respectively.The flow analysis displays that blade number change has an important effect on the area of low pressure region behind the blade inlet and jet-wake structure in impellers.With the increase of blade number,the head of the model pumps increases too,the variable regulation of efficiency and cavitation characteristics are complicated,but there are optimum values of blade number for each one.The research results are helpful for hydraulic design of centrifugal pump.     

不同形式高速离心叶轮内部流动的数值模拟

为分析叶轮结构对于叶轮内部流动的影响,对8叶片的闭式和半开式两种形式低比转速高速离心复合叶轮进行研究.采用S-A湍流模型和雷诺时均N-S方程,对叶轮内部的流动进行三维紊流数值计算和分析,并对离心泵进行试验研究.数值计算结果表明,两种形式叶轮内部都存在回流,其中半开式叶轮内部的回流区域较少,液流在间隙里的相对流动大致为圆周方向;叶轮内部的静压力都是由叶片进口到出口逐渐升高,等静压曲线几乎是沿圆周方向,半开式叶轮叶片顶部的静压力低于相应位置根部的静压力,闭式叶轮出口的压力系数高于半开式叶轮.试验结果表明,半开式叶轮离心泵的效率较高,说明叶轮内部的回流是影响离心泵性能的重要因素.     

基于CFX正交试验的深井离心泵导叶的优化设计

为提高深井离心泵的水力性能,针对100QJ16型深井泵,按照L9(34)正交表,选取空间导叶的进口冲角、包角、叶片出口安放角和叶片数等4个因素,每个因素取3个水平,设计出9个导叶模型,并分别与同一个叶轮装配。基于CFX软件,对两级模型泵进行了全流场数值模拟,获得9组方案在额定工况下的扬程和效率。采用极差分析法分析了各几何参数对扬程和效率的影响规律以及影响空间导叶性能的主要因素和次要因素。空间导叶进口冲角和叶片包角对两级泵的扬程和效率的影响较大。将优化方案进行了样机试验,其效率达到了设计要求。     

Influence of blade wrap angle on centrifugal pump performance by numerical and experimental study

The existing research on improving the hydraulic performance of centrifugal pumps mainly focuses on the design method and the parameter optimization. The traditional design method for centrifugal impellers relies more on experience of engineers that typically only satisfies the continuity equation of the fluid. In this study, on the basis of the direct and inverse iteration design method which simultaneously solves the continuity and motion equations of the fluid and shapes the blade geometry by controlling the wrap angle, three centrifugal pump impellers are designed by altering blade wrap angles while keeping other parameters constant. The three-dimensional flow fields in three centrifugal pumps are numerically simulated, and the simulation results illustrate that the blade with larger wrap angle has more powerful control ability on the flow pattern in impeller. The three pumps have nearly the same pressure distributions at the small flow rate, but the pressure gradient increase in the pump with the largest wrap angle is smoother than the other two pumps at the design and large flow rates. The pump head and efficiency are also influenced by the blade wrap angle. The highest head and efficiency are also observed for the largest angle. An experiment rig is designed and built to test the performance of the pump with the largest wrap angle. The test results show that the wide space of its efficiency area and the stability of its operation ensure the excellent performance of the design method and verify the numerical analysis. The analysis on influence of the blade wrap angle for centrifugal pump performance in this paper can be beneficial to the optimization design of the centrifugal pump.