少量硼对Fe—Cu纳米粉粒固溶度的影响

用化学还原法制备了Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ过饱和固溶合金粉。Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ纳米粉中含有少量硼可扩展ｆｃｃ相的成分范围。合金粉体中Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ的原子比达到４：１时，主相仍保持ｆｃｃ结构，ｆｃｃ相区的范围可超过采用机械合金化法制备的Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ合金。对样品的退火处理研究证明了Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ系过饱和固溶合金的ｆｃｃ相相当稳定。     

STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION INDUCED BY MECHANICALLY DRIVEN ALLOYING AND SUBSEQUENT MAGNETIC PROPERLIES OF THE Fe-Cu SYSTEM

1.IntroductionRecently,someworkshavebeenfocusedonthemechanicalalloyingofFeandCupowders[1--61.ThemagneticpropertiesofFe-Cualloyssuchassaturationmagnetization,coercivityandCurietemperatureasafunctionofthecomposition,temperatureorthemillingtimehavebeenreported[1,2,6--12].Furthermore,thevariationsofthemagneticpropertiesagainstannealingtemperaturesortimeshavealsobeen.otic.d[8'13--16].Inthispaper,thestructuraltransformationinducedbymechanicallydrivenalloyingisstudiedbytakingFe6oCu4oasanexample.S…     

机械合金化形成的Fe—Cu纳米晶过饱和固溶体的硬化及软化

用机械合金化方法，在不互溶的Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ二元系的富Ｆｅ端和富Ｆｅ端和Ｃｕ端，分别制备出ｂｃｃ和ｆｃｃ结构的纳米晶过饱和固溶体，用Ｘ射线衍射和显微硬度分析等方法，系统研究了晶粒尺寸，溶质原子含量等因素对Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ纳米晶过饱和固溶体硬度的影响。结果表明，在富Ｃｕ端形成的ｆｃｃ纳米晶过饱和固溶体的硬度、随溶质原子Ｆｅ含量的增加而升高，而在富Ｆｅ端形成的ｂｃｃ纳米晶过饱和固溶体的硬度，随溶质原子Ｃｕ量的增加     

Effect of pressure on combustion synthesis of TiC/Fe-Cu composites under the action of electric current

Using electric-current-assisted combustion synthesis (ECACS) in a Gleeble thermal simulation instrument, composites of TiC/Fe-Cu have been in-situ synthesized directly from elemental powders of iron, copper, titanium and graphite. This study was focused on the effect of pressure on the combustion synthesis of TiC/Fe-Cu composites and the properties of TiC/Fe-Cu composites. With the aid of a high electric current, a relatively low onset temperature for the combustion reaction, between 747 °C and 768 °C, could be achieved. The ignition temperature decreased with the increase of the pressure in the heating process. The final products of samples were composed of Fe, Cu, TiC and the pressure had little influence on the phase composition. All the titanium carbide particles were fine and in a range of about 0.2 μm–0.35 μm. When the pressure increased, the density and microhardness of sample increased, so the wear resistance improved.     

Enthalpy of formation of quasicrystalline phase and ternary solid solutions in the Al-Fe-Cu system

1. Introduction A novel intermetallic-phase quasicrystal was discovered in 1984. At first, the quasicrystalline phase was observed in rapidly quenched alloys of the Al-Mn system [1]. Till date quasicrystalline phases have been obtained in more than 100 systems; mainly Al, Cu, Ti, and Zr-based systems. The pecu- liarity of the quasicrystalline phases is that the exis- tence of symmetry axes for the fifth and tenth orders are forbidden by classic crystallography. The quasi- crystalline phases…     

热压烧结Fe3Si-Cu在NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为

以原子比为3∶1的Fe粉和Si粉球磨20 h后与一定量的Cu粉混合,在(1000±30)℃,20 MPa的压力下热压烧结制备了致密的Fe3Si-Cu复合材料。通过浸泡腐蚀和电化学腐蚀两种方法研究加入不同质量分数Cu(5%,10%)的Fe3Si-Cu复合材料在0.6、0.7和0.8 mol/l的NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,两种材料在不同摩尔浓度的NaOH溶液中的腐蚀是一种均匀的全面腐蚀。复合材料中的Fe3Si和Cu两相在NaOH溶液中组成一腐蚀电池,其中Fe3Si为阳极发生腐蚀,Cu作为阴极得到保护;Fe3 Si-5%Cu复合材料在NaOH溶液中的自腐蚀电位随NaOH浓度的增加而增加,自腐蚀电流在0.7 mol/l的NaOH溶液中最低;Fe3 Si-10%Cu在三种浓度的NaOH溶液中的自腐蚀电位相差较小,自腐蚀电流在浓度为0.6 mol/l的NaOH溶液中最小,在0.7mol/l的NaOH溶液中最大。     

Interfacial Microstructure and Its Influence on Resistivity of Thin Layers Copper Cladding Steel Wires

The interfacial microstructure and resistivity of cold-drawn and annealed thin layers copper cladding steel (CCS) wires have been systematically investigated by the methods of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and resistivity testing. The results showed that the Cu and Fe atoms near interface diffused into each other matrixes. The Fe atoms diffused into Cu matrixes and formed a solid solution. The mechanism of solid solution is of substitution type. When the quantity of Fe atoms exceeds the maximum solubility, the supersaturated solid solution would form Fe clusters and decompose into base Cu and α-Fe precipitated phases under certain conditions. A few of α-Fe precipitates was observed in the copper near Cu/Fe interfaces of cold-drawn CCS wires, with 1–5 nm in size. A number of α-Fe precipitates of 1–20 nm in size can be detected in copper near Cu/Fe interfaces of CCS wires annealed at 850°C. When annealing temperature was less than 750°C, the resistivity of CCS wires annealed was lower than that of cold-drawn CCS wires. However, when annealing temperature was above 750°C, the resistivity of CCS wires was greater than that of cold-drawn CCS wires and increased with rising the annealing temperature. The relationship between nanoscale α-Fe precipitation and resistivity of CCS wires has been well discussed.     

Si粉微合金化对钢-铝复合材料界面的影响

采用粉末轧制工艺,在界面添加4％ Si粉进行界面微合金化调控,成功制备出界面结合良好的钢-铝复合材料.研究了界面微合金化设计、扩散退火处理工艺对钢-铝复合材料界面区元素扩散、生成物相的影响规律,探讨了元素Si界面调控的作用机理.结果表明:添加4％ Si粉界面微合金设计,在500℃扩散退火,保温1h热处理工艺下,复合材料界面未出现金属间化合物,600℃扩散退火,保温1h热处理工艺下,仅出现少量化合物Fe2Al5,Si粉界面微合金化处理能延缓界面化合物相生成,使生成Fe2Al5相的扩散温度向高温推移;Si扩散固溶到Fe、Al基体中形成连续固溶体,提高了界面两侧物理及力学性能的连续性,改善复合材料的界面结合.     

Fe-Cu二元合金中的B2析出相及时效硬化(英文)

研究了不同成分的Fe-Cu二元合金在过饱和固溶体状态下晶粒尺寸和硬度之间的关系,分析了Cu元素的固溶强化作用。研究了Fe-Cu二元合金的时效硬化现象和Cu元素的析出过程。结果表明Fe-Cu二元合金硬度值增加近一倍。通过透射电镜观察到随时效时间的增加,析出相的尺寸逐渐增大,形状由球形变为棒状。电子衍射花样分析得知,时效处理硬度达到最大值时对应的析出相具有B2型晶体结构,与基体之间保持平行位向关系。透射电镜观察到位错与析出相之间存在典型的引力型交互作用,由于软析出相对运动位错的钉扎效应而使Fe-Cu二元合金得到有效强化。     

退火对Cu-8wt%Fe原位形变复合材料组织及性能的影响

用原位变形法制备了Cu-8wt%Fe复合材料,并对其进行退火处理,获得了形变及退火对其组织、力学性能和导电性能的影响规律.Cu-8wt%Fe材料铸态下由等轴状的Cu相和树枝状分布其中的Fe相构成,经热挤压和冷拉拔后转变为纤维状.结果表明,通过退火可以提供相对拉拔态更加优越的强度和导电率匹配,在一定强度下,可提高导电率10%～20%.     

Low-frequency magnetic susceptibility of fiber Fe-Cu composites

Magnetic properties of fiber Fe-Cu composites prepared by pack hydraulic pressing have been studied. The measurements of the low-frequency magnetic susceptibility have been performed on samples differing in the number and diameter of fibers of armco iron in the copper matrix. It has been established that in a certain range of fiber diameters the processes of deformation and annealing dramatically change the character of the susceptibility hysteresis loops in an external magnetic field. It has been shown that this change can be due to structural inhomogeneity of the fibers and, consequently, the inhomogeneity of their magnetic subsystem.     

热处理工艺对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si15.5B7合金产品应力敏感性的影响

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si15.5B7是一类性能优异的纳米晶软磁合金.但该合金应力敏感性大,微小的变形导致磁导率的大幅度降低.本文研究了热处理工艺对该合金应力敏感性的影响.结果表明,通过合适的热处理工艺可以降低合金的应力敏感性,使得该合金绕制的铁芯在相对变形率为5%时,磁导率指标的变化率小于40%.     

The role of oxygen in the interaction of emeraldine base polyaniline with Cu(II) or Fe(III) ions in NMP solution

The influence of molecular oxygen in the interactions of emeraldine base form of polyaniline (EB-PANI) with Fe(III) or Cu(II) ions in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) solutions has been investigated by UV–vis–NIR, resonance Raman and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. Through the set of spectroscopic results it was possible to rationalize the role of O₂ and to construct a scheme of preferential routes occurring in the interaction of EB-PANI with Fe(III) or Cu(II). Solutions of 4.0 mmol L⁻¹ EB-PANI with 0.8, 2.0 and 20 mmol L⁻¹ Fe(III) or Cu(II) ions in NMP were investigated and the main observed reactions were EB-PANI oxidation to pernigraniline (PB-PANI) and EB-PANI doping process by pseudo-protonation, or by a two-step redox process. In the presence of O₂, PB-PANI is observed in all Fe(III)/EB solutions and EB-PANI doping only occurs in solutions with high Fe(III) concentrations through pseudo-protonation. On the other hand, emeraldine salt (ES-PANI) is formed in all Fe(III)/EB solutions under N₂ atmosphere and, in this case, doping occurs both by the pseudo-protonation and two-step redox mechanisms. In all Cu(II)/EB solutions PB-PANI is formed both in the presence and absence of O₂, and only for solutions with high Cu(II) concentrations doping process occurs in a very low degree. The most important result from EPR spectra was providing evidence for redox steps. The determined Cu(II) signal areas under oxygen are higher than under N₂ and, further, the initial metal proportions (1:2:20) are maintained in these spectra, indicating that Cu(I) formed are re-oxidized by O₂ and, so, Cu(II) ions are being recycled. Consistently, for the solutions prepared under nitrogen, the corresponding areas and proportions in the spectra are much lower, confirming that a partial reduction of Cu(II) ions actually occurs.     

银铜镍钎料钎焊高氮不锈钢的分子动力学模拟

利用Lammps软件对AgCuNi钎料真空钎焊高氮不锈钢的相关二元体系（Fe-Cu和Fe-Ni）元素扩散过程进行分子动力学模拟。结果表明,Fe-Cu和Fe-Ni二元体系相互扩散现象明显,扩散层厚度随着扩散时间增加而增加。在Fe-Cu体系的扩散过程中只有原子相互扩散,但Fe-Ni体系的扩散过程中既有原子扩散又有中间相生成。在Fe-Cu二元体系中,Fe原子的均方位移和扩散系数均大于Cu原子,因此Fe原子的扩散能力大于Cu原子。在Fe-Ni二元体系中,Fe原子的均方位移和扩散系数都大于Ni原子,因此Fe原子的扩散能力也大于Ni原子。随着扩散温度升高,原子均方位移和扩散系数增大,扩散能力越强。     

Changes in vibrational entropy during the early stages of chemical unmixing in fcc Cu–6% Fe

A nanocrystalline face-centered cubic (fcc) solid solution of 6% Fe in Cu was prepared by high-energy ball milling, and annealed at temperatures from 200 to 360 °C to induce chemical unmixing. The chemical state of the material was characterized by three-dimensional atom probe microscopy, Mössbauer spectrometry and X-ray powder diffractometry. The unmixing was heterogeneous, with iron atoms forming iron-rich zones that thicken with further annealing. The phonon partial density of states (pDOS) of ⁵⁷Fe was measured by nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, showing the pDOS of the as-prepared material to be that of an fcc crystal. The features of this pDOS became broader in the early stages of unmixing, but only small changes in average phonon frequencies occurred until the body-centered cubic (bcc) phase began to form. The vibrational entropy calculated from the pDOS underwent little change during the early stage of annealing, but decreased rapidly when the bcc phase formed in the material.     

Fe-based bulk metallic glass composites without any metalloid elements

Glass-formation of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and their composites is strongly dependent on their metalloid content. A good Fe-based glass former usually needs a metalloid content of ～20 at.% or above; however, the high content of the metalloids usually has side-effects on the performance of the alloys. In this paper, we developed a series of metalloid-free Fe-based BMG matrix composites with a diameter of more than 10 mm in the Fe–Co–La–Ce–Al–Cu system. During cooling, phase separation took place, i.e. Fe-rich and Fe-depleted liquids formed. Upon subsequent cooling, the body-centered cubic (bcc)-Fe(Co, Al) solid solution and Ce(Fe, Co)₂ intermetallic phase precipitated out of the Fe-rich liquid and the remaining Co–La–Ce–Al–Cu liquid was eventually vitrified to form the amorphous matrix. Due to elemental partitioning, it was found that, for a given Fe content, there exists an optimum compositional range for Co and Ce so that a large fraction of the glassy matrix can form. In addition, the final microstructure of the current composites was strongly dependent on the cooling rates applied: excessively fast cooling rates restricted the diffusion and precipitation of the Fe atoms, which reduced formation of the glassy matrix.     

Quasicrystalline phase formation in the mechanically alloyed Al–Cu–Fe system

Al–Cu–Fe samples were prepared by ball milling powders of elemental Al, Cu, Fe (first route) and of elemental Al mixed with previously mechanically alloyed Cu–Fe solid solution (second route). Phase and structure transformations by annealing the as-milled powders were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The influence of the thermodynamic driving forces, namely the heat of mixing, positive for the Cu–Fe system and negative for the Al–Fe and Al–Cu systems, was discussed and correlated to the sequence of phase transformations during heating.     

液固相复合-轧制铜包钢线的组织性能及界面冶金行为

以液固相复合-轧制工艺生产的铜包钢线为研究对象,研究了在特定工艺条件下铜／钢界面的组织组成及其界面区的冶金行为。经金相组织观察,铜、钢晶粒在界面处直接接触,界面呈极细微的凹凸不平的状态,经冷轧后,铜、钢晶粒在界面处互相咬合,且铜与钢的变形随着变形量的增大而趋于均匀。通过对界面区的成分进行能谱分析表明,Cu,Fe原子间发生了互扩散,形成了Fe／Cu的固溶体,其中Fe向Cu扩散量明显高于Cu向Fe的扩散量,测试界面结合强度表明,铜包钢线的初结合界面剪切强度可达80-95 MPa,轧制变形后该强度可提高3％-5％。     

液固相复合-轧制铜包钢线的组织性能及界面冶金行为

以液固相复合-轧制工艺生产的铜包钢线为研究对象,研究了在特定工艺条件下铜/钢界面的组织组成及其界面区的冶金行为.经金相组织观察,铜、钢晶粒在界面处直接接触,界面呈极细微的凹凸不平的状态,经冷轧后,铜、钢晶粒在界面处互相咬合,且铜与钢的变形随着变形量的增大而趋于均匀.通过对界面区的成分进行能谱分析表明,Cu,Fe原子间发生了互扩散,形成了Fe/Cu的固溶体,其中Fe向Cu扩散量明显高于Cu向Fe的扩散量,测试界面结合强度表明,铜包钢线的初结合界面剪切强度可达80～95 MPa,轧制变形后该强度可提高3%～5%.     

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline AlFeTiCrZnCu high entropy solid solution by mechanical alloying

Traditional alloys are based on one or two major alloying elements. High entropy alloys are equiatomic multicomponent alloys, wherein configurational entropy is maximized to obtain single phase solid solutions. The present paper reports synthesis of nanostructured equiatomic high entropy solid solutions from binary to hexanary compositions in Al–Fe–Ti–Cr–Zn–Cu system by mechanical alloying. These alloys have BCC structure with crystallite size less than 10 nm. The high entropy solid solution in these alloys is stable even after annealing at 800 °C for 1 h. The hardness of AlFeTiCrZnCu solid solution is 2 GPa in the sintered condition with a density of 99%. The similar nanostructured solid solutions have also been synthesized in CuNiCoZnAlTi and NiFeCrCoMnW alloys.