一种新型的交错反激微逆变器MPPT和并网控制策略

针对DCM模式运行的交错反激微型并网逆变器,提出了一种新的MPPT和并网电流控制策略.首先根据并网电流与占空比的表达式,给出主开关管占空比调制指令,并提出一种双频率并网控制策略;其次根据已有光伏电池模型,在Matlab上模拟了光伏电池随输出电流交化时的V-I、P-I特性曲线,根据扰动观测法设计了基于并网电流扰动的MPPT算法,将MPPT输出作为并网电流幅值给定,同时实现MPPT和并网电流控制功能;最后在Matlab/Simulink上对额定功率280W、最大功率点电压35.28V、最大功率点电流7.94A、并网电压220V的交错反激微逆变器光伏并网系统进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明该控制策略能够实现MPPT和并网电流控制的功能,具有较高的控制精度和动、静态响应特性,MPPT迅速准确,并网电流波形质量良好.     

基于扰动补偿器与矢量比例积分控制器的单相光伏并网逆变器谐波抑制方法研究

受电网电压畸变等问题的影响,单相光伏并网逆变器输出电流中存在大量谐波,严重降低了该逆变器输出电能的质量。针对上述问题,提出一种基于扰动补偿器与矢量比例积分控制器的单相光伏并网逆变器谐波抑制方法。该方法借助扰动补偿器倍频次谐波的抑制能力实现高频谐波电流的有效补偿,利用矢量比例积分控制器实现工频交流电流的无静差跟踪。文章利用额定功率为5 kW的单相光伏并网逆变器样机进行稳态运行实验。实验结果表明,文章所提出的控制算法能够大幅度降低单相光伏并网逆变器输出电流的总谐波畸变率,从而提升该逆变器的并网电能质量。     

不同控制策略影响下光伏发电电能质量特性研究

随着光伏发电的广泛接入,光伏发电出力的随机性和间歇性给电网电能质量带来一定影响。在分析光伏逆变器常用PQ和V/f控制策略基础上,构建了光伏电池及其逆变器控制策略模型,分析了光伏在PQ和V/f控制下的电能质量变化状况,从而得到光伏相应电能质量指标特性。结果表明,光伏并网且PQ控制时,主要是电流谐波等电流质量问题;孤岛且V/f控制时,主要是电压波动等电压质量问题。研究结果可为光伏运行和电能质量监测等提供依据。     

基于空间矢量的三相光伏并网逆变器解耦控制研究

提出一种基于电网线电压空间矢量的三相光伏并网逆变器解耦方法,将复平面分为6个扇区,在每个扇区内实现两相开关解耦,分别控制相应的输出线电流,实现电流跟踪,改善并网电流波形。最后,利用MATLAB建立三相光伏并网逆变器双环系统仿真模型,仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于双闭环策略的光伏并网逆变器鲁棒H_∞控制

光伏并网系统中,为了抑制逆变器参数不确定和外界干扰对输出电能的影响,提出了鲁棒双闭环控制策略。首先设计电压环线性化自抗扰鲁棒控制器,以稳定直流侧母线电压;其次建立系统电流环的广义参数不确定模型,并利用LMI设计了电流环鲁棒H∞控制器,实现对逆变器有功电流和无功电流的精确控制。通过仿真与传统PI控制方法进行比较,验证了该控制策略可以有效地消除模型不确定因素和外界扰动对系统输出性能的影响,增强光伏并网系统的鲁棒稳定性。     

新型MPPT算法在两级式光伏并网系统中的应用

以光伏发电系统为研究对象,分别结合相应的控制算法建立了一种带有最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)功能的光伏并网系统,并利用Matlab软件进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,前级Boost电路基于新型算法——变步长扰动观察法实现了最大功率点跟踪的功能;后级逆变电路采用电压外环、电流内环的双闭环控制方式,使逆变器的输出能准确、快速地跟踪电网电压变化,并与电网电压保持同频、同相。该系统的输出为纹波较少的正弦波形,功率因数接近于1,可满足光伏并网对逆变器的要求。     

逆变器死区建模及其对大型光伏并网系统的影响

光伏并网系统中逆变器的死区及开关延时等非线性环节将会影响并网系统的稳定性及并网电能质量。为分析逆变器死区对并网系统的影响,该文首先根据逆变器的工作机理,建立包含死区效应的逆变系统开关平均模型;然后在大型光伏并网系统多逆变器并联结构的基础上推导出并网系统的等效模型,并据此探讨死区及光伏电站容量变化对并网电能质量和系统稳定性的影响。研究发现,死区效应对光伏系统相位裕度的影响随光伏系统容量的增加而降低,但光伏系统容量变化可能使系统在死区引入的谐波频率处发生不完全谐振,从而降低系统的并网电能质量。最后仿真和实验验证了理论模型的正确性。     

并网光伏发电系统暂态特性研究

基于光伏发电系统的物理模型研究,在matlab/simulink中开发了包含光伏阵列模型、光伏阵列的最大功率跟踪（MPPT）模块、DC/DC升压电路和采用电压及电流环控制的逆变系统在内的动态仿真模型,并建立了基于电压型逆变器的暂态数学模型;并通过仿真得到了并网光伏发电系统辐射强度突变和发生短路时的暂态运行特性,为深入研究并网光伏发电系统的暂态特性建立了基础。     

一种基于SVPWM并网逆变器电流控制的研究

为提高光伏并网发电系统的输出电能质量,在重复控制策略的基础上,提出一种基于SVPWM并网逆变器电流控制的重复PI复合控制方法。该方法通过重复控制策略来抑制由死区等因素引起的周期性扰动,PI控制策略用来提高系统的动态性能,两种控制策略互为补充以提高系统的动态和稳态性能,同时,在并网逆变器直流侧加入电压闭环以稳定直流母线电压。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真分析,三相并网逆变器输出电流的总谐波畸变率为1.32%。实验结果验证了该复合控制方法的有效性。     

新型高效率无漏电流单相非隔离光伏逆变器

为实现“双碳”及“铜退硅进”的目标,非隔离型逆变器在光伏新能源发电领域得到了广泛的研究与应用。非隔离光伏并网系统中存在的漏电流问题是迫切需要解决的关键问题之一。为解决该问题,文中提出了一种新型单级共地型无漏电流,高效率非隔离光伏并网逆变器拓扑结构。分析了所提逆变器前级DC-DC升降压电路的工作原理和模态,给出了其软开关实现条件。研究了新型拓扑结构的无漏电流内在机理,以及推导了其输出电压特性。搭建了基于PSIM软件的仿真模型,仿真结果表明：与传统漏电流抑制拓扑相比,该拓扑结构可实现无漏电流光伏并网,而且前级DC-DC变换器可实现软开关,可在较宽输入电压范围内实现高效率、高质量电能并网。     

New control strategy for 2-stage grid-connected photovoltaic power system

This work deals with the performances and responses of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) plant in normal and disturbed modes. The system is composed of a solar array, a dc–dc converter and a three-phase inverter connected to the utility grid. On the one hand a suitable control of the dc–dc converter is developed in order to extract the maximum amount of power from the PV generator. On the other hand an active and reactive power control approach (PQ) has been presented for the inverter. This method can provide a current with sinusoidal waveform and ensure a high power factor. Therefore, the grid interface inverter transfers the energy drawn from the PV into the grid by ensuring constant dc link voltage. Modeling and controlling were carried out using the informational graph of causality and the macroscopic energy representation methods. The simulation under MATLAB/SIMULINK and the experimental results show the control performance and dynamic behavior of grid-connected PV system in normal and disturbances modes.     

不平衡电网电压下T型三电平光伏并网逆变器的有限集模型预测控制

为实现电网电压不平衡时对T型三电平光伏并网系统输出功率和电流质量的控制,以达到入网功率平稳或电流正弦为控制目标,结合光伏阵列输出功率前馈,在两相静止坐标系下提出一种直流母线电压外环PI控制、并网电流内环有限集模型预测控制的控制策略,并在电压外环中引入2倍频陷波器以获得平滑的入网功率参考值。仿真结果表明:当电网电压不对称时,采用所提控制策略能够实现对入网有功、无功功率2倍频脉动及负序电流的分别抑制或协调控制,且并网电流谐波畸变小、入网电能质量高,同时实现T型三电平逆变器的中点电位平衡。     

光伏逆变器无功调节能力分析与控制策略研究

通过建立光伏逆变器接入配电网稳态分析模型,以接入点运行电压、最大运行电流和SPWM调制控制条件为约束,分析了不同工况下逆变器的无功调节能力。构建接入配电网运行时面向电网电压调整的无功功率控制策略,该策略以控制接入点电压为目标,逆变器通过补偿系统需求的无功对电压进行支撑。构建分布式光伏接入配电网应对配电网负荷变化和光伏注入功率变化引起的电压无功调整仿真实验,验证了该策略的有效性。     

新型H6拓扑无隔离单相光伏并网逆变器研究

与带隔离变压器相比,无隔离变压器的光伏并网逆变器成本低、体积小、效率高,但无隔离光伏并网系统的漏电流将影响系统的安全运行,必须进行有效抑制,同时逆变器应具有向电网提供无功功率的能力。对此提出了一种新型的H6拓扑单相并网逆变器,该拓扑能有效抑制漏电流,且能向电网输出无功功率,采用单极性调制策略,输出电压具有三电平特性。基于对拓扑结构、工作过程及无功功率控制的详细分析,建立了Matlab/Simulink仿真模型验证理论分析的正确性,并搭建了1kW的实验平台,对理论分析和仿真结果进行了试验验证。     

A multi-function grid connected PV system with three level NPC inverter and voltage oriented control

In this paper a grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system is presented. The grid integration of the PV system is carried out via a three phase three level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter. To control the inverter a modified version of voltage oriented control (VOC) method and the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique have been applied. With the proposed modification the PV system operates as a shunt active power filter (SAPF), a reactive power compensator, and a load’s current balancer simultaneously. In this way the PV system operates more efficiently compared to the conventional PV systems and offers ancillary services to electric power system. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is established through simulation results with Matlab/Simulink in steady state and transient response of the electric power distribution system.     

工频隔离三相并网光伏逆变器的状态反馈控制

重点研究了三相不平衡电网电压、变压器漏感和线路阻抗对逆变器波形质量和稳定性的影响,得出了逆变器的离散状态空间模型,提出并实现了工频隔离并网光伏逆变器的状态反馈控制策略。通过仿真和试验,验证了该控制策略能有效地抑制电网电压不平衡所造成的影响,可解决变压器漏感和线路阻抗所造成的稳定性问题。     

Modeling and simulation of three phase multilevel inverter for grid connected photovoltaic systems

This paper presents a control for a three phase five-level neutral clamped inverter (NPC) for grid connected PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is capable of extracting maximum power from the PV array connected to each DC link voltage level. The MPPT algorithm is solved by fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy MPPT is integrated with the inverter so that a DC–DC converter is not needed and the output shows accurate and fast response. A digital PI current control algorithm is used to remain the current injected into the grid sinusoidal and to achieve high dynamic performance with low total harmonic distortion (THD). The validity of the system is verified through MATLAB/Simulink and the results are compared with three phase three-level grid connected NPC inverter in terms of THD.     

Digital power factor control and reactive power regulation for grid-connected photovoltaic inverter

The overall efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid depends on the efficiency of direct current (DC) of the solar modules to alternate current (AC) inverter conversion. The requirements for inverter connection include: maximum power point, high efficiency, control power injected into the grid, high power factor and low total harmonic distortion of the currents injected into the grid. An approach to power factor control and reactive power regulation for PV systems connected to the grid using field programmable gate array (FPGA) is proposed. According to the grid demands; both the injected active and reactive powers are controlled.In this paper, a new digital control strategy for a single-phase inverter is carried out. This control strategy is based on the phase shift between the inverter output voltage and the grid voltage, and the digital sinusoidal pulse width modulation (DSPWM) patterns, in order to control the power factor for a wide range of the inverter output current and consequently the control and the regulation of the reactive power will be achieved. The advantage of the proposed control strategy is its implementation around simple digital circuits.In this work, a simulation study of this strategy has been realized using Matlab/Simulink and PSIM. In order to validate its performance, this control has been implemented in a FPGA. Experimental tests have been carried out demonstrating the viability of this control in order to control the power factor and the injected power into the grid.     

Z源逆变电路及其直通控制策略在光伏并网系统中的应用

针对传统的Z源逆变电路控制方式中需要独立分析升压电路控制因子和并网电路控制因子的问题,先在典型的Z源全桥逆变电路的拓扑结构中实现单桥臂上下管的直通相位控制方式下的开关时序,进而分析了Z源逆变电路的5种模态的工作原理,提出了一种适用于单相光伏逆变系统的Z源逆变电路直通控制方式,就是利用能量传递和傅里叶算法在直通零矢量和输出逆变电压之间建立直接联系。以一台3kW光伏并网逆变样机的测试结果表明,样机PV电压稳定,并网电压电流相位在50%输出功率下基本一致,其谐波含量和功率因数符合要求;同时,还具备一定的过压、欠压动态保护特性,反应时间迅速。结果表明,Z源逆变电路及其直通控制策略在光伏并网系统中的应用效果较好。     

Improved particle swarm optimization for photovoltaic system connected to the grid with low voltage ride through capability

Grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system encounters different types of abnormalities during grid faults; the grid side inverter is subjected to three serious problems which are excessive DC link voltage, high AC currents and loss of grid-voltage synchronization. This high DC link voltage may damage the inverter. Also, the voltage sags will force the PV system to be disconnected from the grid according to grid code. This paper presents a novel control strategy of the two-stage three-phase PV system to improve the Low-Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) capability according to the grid connection requirement. The non-linear control technique using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) of a PV system connected to the grid through an isolated high frequency DC–DC full bridge converter and a three-phase three level neutral point clamped DC-AC converter (3LNPC²) with output power control under severe faults of grid voltage. The paper, also discusses the transient behavior and the performance limit for LVRT by using a DC-Chopper circuit. The model has been implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The proposed control succeeded to track MPP, achieved LVRT requirements and improving the quality of DC link voltage. The paper shows superiority of IPSO than Incremental Conductance (IC) method during MPPT mode of PV system.