生产线叠箱铸球、铸锻模具

本发明公开了一种生产线叠箱铸球、铸锻模具,包括上模和下模,上模和下模均包括动模和定模,动模包括装在动模板上的固定板。动模固定板上安装加热板,加热板上安装模板组合,模板组合上安装砂箱,砂箱上设有射砂口,砂箱内的模板组合上固定铸球或者铸锻模,定模包括装在定模板上的定模固定板,定模固定板上安装定模加热板。     

自带预弯模具的新型压弯卷板复合机床

本发明公开了一种自带预弯模具的新型压弯卷板复合机床,包括机床底座、置于机床底座上的一对下辊、上辊,机床底座包括翻倒侧支座、模具支座、固定侧支座、平衡块支座,翻倒侧支座上置有上辊翻到支架,固定侧支座上置有上辊固定侧支架,上辊由上辊翻到支架和上辊固定侧支架支撑,模具支座上置有模具,模具位于一对下辊的中间,下辊下方置有固装于机床底座上的下辊液压缸,上辊固定侧支架上置有上辊液压缸,上辊固定侧支架外侧置有液压马达。该新型压弯卷板复合机床加工板料的预弯时间短、预弯宽度大、生产工序少,生产成本低。     

内燃机气阀装配机

大家知道,目前使气阀保持闭合的方法是利用螺旋弹簧装在阀杆上,一端顶住气缸盖,另一端顶住上弹簧座。上弹簧座的形状象一顶倒置的帽子,由一对半圆锁圈紧固在阀杆的上端。两个半圆锁圈的剖面都是半圆形,合在一起形成的外表面是圆锥形,与上弹簧座中的圆锥孔正好相配合。每一半圆锁圈的内圆表面上,有一道锁肩,位于两端之间,可与阀杆上端的一道锁槽相嵌合。因此,当上弹簧座被弹簧推到锁圈上以后,锁圈上的锁肩嵌在阀杆上的锁槽中,同时,由于圆锥面的斜楔作用,使保持器的锥孔与锁圈上的锥体锁紧在一起。     

一种安全压力模具

本发明公开了一种安全压力模具。它包括模座,固定于模座上的下模,由动力装置驱动且上下移动的上模。所述的上模包括对上模施加驱动力且兼具导向作用的动力杆,所述动力杆的端部固定连接有上模本体,所述的上模本体下设有与下模对应的冲压头,凸模可沿动力杆上下滑动,上模本体与凸模之间设有弹性装置,上模本体与凸模之间还设有限制凸模相对于上模本体在一定范围内向下运动位置的限位装置;凸模跟随上模上下移动,加工产品;当凸模和下模之间有异物时,凸模不再向下移动,上模本体的运动被弹性装置吸收,这样即可避免发生安全事故。     

含硅钢上贝氏体组织演变特征研究

采用金相组织观察法研究了Fe-0.88C-1.35Si-1.03Cr-0.43Mn钢上贝氏体显微组织形态随相变时间而产生的变化。结果表明,380℃短时等温获得短棒状上贝氏体组织;随等温时间延长,新的上贝氏体小棒于原贝氏体棒两侧形成,上贝氏体小棒的平行排列使上贝氏体变为粗棒;随等温时间的进一步延长,粗棒状上贝氏体平行排列组合近似羽毛状;长时间等温,贝氏体碳化物析出使上贝氏体组织具有羽毛状形貌。短棒状的上贝氏体相对于羽毛状上贝氏体具有较高硬度,能够赋予材料良好的力学性能。     

甲醛对砂布质量的影响

在砂布生产的工艺过程中有下列工序:上面浆→上胶→上砂→上复胶→上甲醛,然后再进行烘干、切断,上甲醛这道工序到底起到些什么作用呢? 经过长期的生产实践,针对我厂砂布脱砂率高,磨削性能不稳定等情况,我们对整个生产工艺过程进行了分析,发现上甲醛工序,甲醛用量对砂布质量有一定影响。我厂砂布生产     

液压机上横梁有限元分析及结构优化

以某型液压机上横梁为对象,利用分析软件建立上横梁的有限元模型并进行静力分析计算.在上横梁强度和刚度校核的基础上,利用分析软件结构优化模块对上横梁分别进行拓扑优化和尺寸优化,实现结构优化,减轻上横梁重量.     

针对柴油发电机上箱体振动问题的改进设计

提出一种对上箱体壳体薄弱部分进行加固,提高其固有频率,避开柴油机低阶点火频率以达到减震目的的上箱体改进设计。选用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对在UG中简化过的FEM上箱体模型进行数值模态分析。用三维软件UG简化模型后利用数值模态分析法得到发电机上箱体的薄弱点对其进行加固,提高上箱体的固有频率。进行刚体模态测试法确定发电机上箱体固有频率,将测试数据与数值模态分析的数据进行对比,验证设计合理性。结合有限元数值模态分析软件和LMS实验模态测试设备分析上箱体的固有频率,并采集了优化后的上箱体额定载荷下的振动数据。该数据表明:上箱体进行此改进设计能有效减小上箱体振动。     

模具行业专利技术介绍

本发明公开了一种用于制造多孔扁平管的模具,包括：上模及下模,所述上模与下模通过柱销连接定位,所述上模设有上模芯,所述上模芯内安装有上模镶块及与上模镶块相配合的吊块,所述下模的进料端设有安装槽,所述安装槽内安装有下模工作镶块,所述下模工作镶块内设有型腔,所述下模的出料端设有出料孔,所述上模镶块的头部设有数个导流槽,所述上模镶块及下模工作镶块均由钨钢制成,不仅延长了模具的使用寿命同时也降低了维修成本。     

日本新东工业公司FHH—2B型双面型板脱箱自动造型机

这种自动造型机有四个工位,锥型砂箱围绕中心立轴旋转。图1为该造型机的外形。图2为该造型机结构示意图。图3为第一工位的结构原理图。上箱被装在双面型板上,下箱一进来,翻转升降机构下降,提升下箱合在型板上。在第一工位上,上箱加砂、压实、翻转,下型加砂、压实,上箱脱模,由转台送出,同时下一个上箱送入,装在型板上,翻转,下型脱模。转台将下型送出的同时,下箱被送入,形成一个工作循环,上下型被交错地送入第二工位,在第二工位上修型、下芯。在第三工位上合型、脱箱,将铸型推出至浇注台车上,或     

极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学研究进展

随着北极航行的发展及极地资源开发的需要，如何提高极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学性能愈发重要。在极地海洋环境中，碎冰、冰层和海水中的腐蚀性物质会使材料受到摩擦磨损、腐蚀及其耦合的影响;低温潮湿环境会增加材料的脆性、使材料表面覆冰、改变材料的摩擦磨损机理;强紫外线会加速涂层老化;这些因素都会降低材料的耐磨性能，最终导致材料失效。因此，极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学与材料的性能、服役寿命息息相关。本文介绍了极地探索所面临的摩擦磨损问题;阐述了极地温度、极地海洋大气及海水成分、海冰运动和极地微生物等极地海洋环境特点及其对材料摩擦学性能的影响;重点介绍了金属材料、无机非金属材料、高分子材料在极地海洋环境下的摩擦学进展;探讨了提升材料在极地海洋环境下的耐磨防腐技术，如改性、表面修饰等;最后，结合极地海洋环境服役材料摩擦磨损研究中所面临的问题及发展趋势，对未来极地海洋服役材料的摩擦学研究工作进行展望。     

卡箍成形件回弹模拟及优化设计

针对卡箍模具冲压成形后,成形件因弹性变形消失而发生回弹的问题,利用ABAQUS对模具成形过程进行数值模拟,研究卡箍模具表面不同摩擦特性的分布对成形件回弹的影响。首先根据卡箍模具的特征结构对卡箍模具表面进行区域划分,并以卡箍成形件的回弹量为优化目标。采用单因素与均匀设计相结合的方法,确定当卡箍模具表面的最佳摩擦特性分布为:μ5=0. 12,μ6=0. 13,μ7=0. 14,μ9=0. 16,μ10=0. 18,μf=0. 11,其他区域摩擦系数为0. 12,此时卡箍成形件的回弹量最小。并在数值模拟的基础上进行试验验证,试验结果表明卡箍成形件的回弹得到了改善。     

Modeling of Microstructure and Microsegregation in Solidification of Multi-Component Alloys

Driven by industrial demand, extensive efforts have been made to investigate microstructure evolution and microsegregation development during solidification of multicomponent alloys. This paper briefly reviews the recent progress in modeling of microstructures and microsegregation in solidification of multicomponent alloys using various models including micromodel, phase field, front tracking, and cellular automaton approaches. A two-dimensional modified cellular automaton (MCA) model coupled with phase diagram software PanEngine is presented for the prediction of microstructures and microsegregation in the solidification of ternary alloys. The model adopts MCA technique to simulate dendritic growth. The thermodynamic data needed for determining the dynamics of dendritic growth are calculated with PanEngine. After validating the model by comparing the simulated values with the prediction of the Scheil model for solute profiles in the primary dendrites as a function of solid fraction, the model was applied to simulate the microstructure and microsegregation in the solidification of Al-rich ternary alloys. The simulation results demonstrate the capabilities of the present model not only to simulate realistic dendrite morphologies, but also to predict quantitatively the microsegregation profiles in the solidification of multi-component alloys. This article was presented at the Multi-Component Alloy Thermodynamics Symposium sponsored by the Alloy Phase Committee of the joint EMPMD/SMD of The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society (TMS), held in San Antonio, Texas, March 12-16, 2006, to honor the 2006 William Hume-Rothery Award recipient, Professor W. Alan Oates of the University of Salford, UK. The symposium was organized by Y. Austin Chang of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, Patrice Turchi of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, and Rainer Schmid-Fetzer of the Technische Universitat Clausthal, Clauthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.     

德育的现代转型刍议

我国改革开放的迅猛发展,要求德育实现从传统向现代的转型。这种转型因其受到国情,民情,社情,世情的制约,会很艰难,但当前大学生“三德”匮乏的现实增强了转型的紧迫感。改革传统的德育体制应首先从注重人格教育,公民教育,精英教育入手。     

铝合金微弧氧化的研究进展

综述了微弧氧化技术的发展历程、成膜机理,论述了铝合金微弧氧化的特点。基于铝合金微弧氧化工艺研究现状,详细阐述了氧化时间、占空比、电压、电流密度、电解液浓度、基体粗糙度、纳米颗粒添加剂以及复合工艺等对铝合金微弧氧化膜层的组织与性能的影响。如电流密度会影响涂层的生长机理,使膜层的表面结构和内部缺陷产生较大的差异;采用不同的电解液所得到的膜层的厚度和粗糙度有明显的区别;在不同的电压参数下膜层的均匀性及膜层中微孔的尺寸大不相同;制备微弧氧化复合涂层以及采用纳米增强颗粒可使膜层的结构和性能有大幅提升。通过改变以上影响因素对铝合金微弧氧化膜层组织和结构加以调控,从而实现了对膜层性能的优化,如膜层的硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、抗疲劳性能的提高。最后对铝合金微弧氧化的发展方向提出了展望。     

水钢100 t转炉出钢过程回磷分析与实践

转炉出钢过程常伴有钢水回磷现象,导致钢水磷含量上升甚至出格,影响钢材成品质量和经济技术指标。为有效控制转炉出钢过程回磷,通过现场取样、数据采集、模拟试验及FactSage软件分析了出钢过程钢水回磷机理,研究探讨了渣中FeO、SiO₂、出钢温度、钢包渣碱度对回磷的影响。研究结果表明,出钢过程下渣,渣中FeO含量与出钢温度过高,钢包渣SiO₂含量与碱度不在合适范围均会增大钢水回磷率,最高达41%。结合水钢生产实践,出钢温度控制为1 625~1 640 ℃、转炉终渣FeO质量分数为15%、钢包渣碱度为3.6~4.1、控制含硅合金加入、控制出钢过程下渣量的条件下,可高效调节出钢过程回磷,将回磷率降低至15%以下。通过控制出钢温度、终渣FeO、碱度等,可有效降低因下渣导致的回磷。     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Dependence of the Stabilization of α-Alumina on the Spray Process

A phase change from α-alumina (corundum) in the feedstock powder to predominantly other alumina phases, such as γ-alumina in the coating normally takes place, as a result of the spray process. It is expected that the prevention of this phase transformation will significantly improve the mechanical, electrical, and other properties of thermally sprayed alumina coatings. The results regarding the possibility of stabilization of α-alumina through addition of chromia published in the literature are ambiguous. In this work, stabilization using different spray processes (water-stabilized plasma (WSP), gas-stabilized plasma (APS), and high-velocity oxy-fuel spray (HVOF)) was studied. Mechanical mixtures of alumina and chromia were used, as were prealloyed powders consisting of solid solutions. The investigations focused on mechanical mixtures with both APS and WSP and on prealloyed powders with WSP. The coatings were studied by x-ray diffraction, including Rietveld analysis, and analysis of the lattice parameters. Microstructures were investigated by optical microscopy using metallographic cross-sections. It was shown that in the case of the mechanically mixed powders, the stabilization predominantly depends on the applied spray process. The stabilization of the α phase by use of the WSP process starting from mechanical mixtures was confirmed. It appears that stabilization exhibits a complex dependence on the spray process, the process parameters (in particular the thermal history), the nature of the powder (mechanically mixed or prealloyed), and the chromia content. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

退火温度对Fe-Mn-Al-C钢组织和拉伸性能的影响

采用OM、SEM、TEM和拉伸试验等手段研究了退火温度对Fe-19Mn-2Al-0.6C钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,退火后试验钢的基体组织为奥氏体。由于回复再结晶的完成程度不同,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒尺寸先减小再增大。同时,退火孪晶的数量逐渐增加,抗拉强度持续降低,但总伸长率先升高然后降低。当施加一定的外部载荷时,在变形过程中会产生大量的变形孪晶和位错。高密度位错在晶界或孪晶界处的缠绕和塞积阻碍了位错的进一步运动。一次孪晶和二次孪生的交割产生的动态Hall-Petch效应,以及位错和孪晶的相互作用共同导致试验钢的高加工硬化能力。Fe-19Mn-2Al-0.6C钢获得最佳综合力学性能的退火温度约为900 ℃,其抗拉强度为947.61 MPa,强塑积为49.30 GPa·%,伸长率为52.03%。     

Atomistic Modeling of Multicomponent Systems

The need to accelerate materials design programs based on economical and efficient modeling techniques provides the framework for the introduction of approximations in otherwise rigorous theoretical schemes. Several quantum approximate methods have been introduced through the years, bringing new opportunities for the efficient understanding of complex multicomponent alloys at the atomic level. As a promising example of the role that these methods might have in the development of complex systems, in this work we discuss the Bozzolo-Ferrante-Smith (BFS) method for alloys and its application to a variety of multicomponent systems for a detailed analysis of their defect and phase structure and their properties. Examples include the study of the phase structure of new Ru-rich Ni-base superalloys, the role of multiple alloying additions in high temperature intermetallic alloys, and interfacial phenomena in nuclear materials, highlighting the benefits that can be obtained from introducing simple modeling techniques to the investigation of complex systems. This article was presented at the Multi-Component Alloy Thermodynamics Symposium sponsored by the Alloy Phase Committee of the joint EMPMD/SMD of The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society (TMS), held in San Antonio, Texas, March 12-16, 2006, to honor the 2006 William Hume-Rothery Award recipient, Professor W. Alan Oates of the University of Salford, UK. The symposium was organized by Y. Austin Chang of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, Patrice Turchi of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, and Rainer Schmid-Fetzer of the Technische Universitat Clausthal, Clauthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.