Reply to Green and Deutsch.

Replies to an article by Green (see record 1986-26216-001) and Deutsch (see record 1986-26175-001). The current authors state that "There is no question about the value of being able to investigate the relative contribution of objective events and subjective appraisal of the events to health outcomes." They praise the work done by Green and Deutsch and hopes that their work will help others work through some important problems of theory and method like it helped them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the confounding of "hassles" stress and outcome.

Comments on the argument between R. S. Lazarus et al (see record 1986-10770-001) and B. P. Dohrenwend and P. E. Shrout (see record 1986-10765-001) about confounding problems in studies examining the relationship between stress and psychopathology/symptomatology. It is suggested that neither addressed the major problem: the ability to separate statistically and conceptually the relative contributions of objective events and subjective appraisal of those events. Findings of the present author and colleagues (1981; also see record 1986-04136-001) are discussed to illustrate the point. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Calling a freeze on "stress wars": There is hope for adaptational outcomes.

Comments on the combatant styles used by R. S. Lazarus et al (see record 1986-10770-001) and B. P. Dohrenwend and P. E. Shrout (see record 1986-10765-001) in their contributions on confounded measures. It is suggested that how to go about explaining stress must be better understood and that it is essential to find principles for predicting the stress response from extant perspectives. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A reply to two critics.

Responds to comments by J. A. Mu?oz (see record 1986-12848-001) and M. B. Smith (see record 1986-12870-001) on the present author's (see record 1985-12952-001) contention that the American Psychological Association should not be involved in social advocacy. The present author questions how social responsibilities are to be recognized and whether it is appropriate to give ethics a corporate voice. (2 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Implications for psychology: Reply to comments.

Replies to the comments of D. E. Leary (see record 1986-07955-001), S. A. Mulaik (see record 1986-07961-001), D. N. Robinson (see record 1986-07966-001), and W. L. Stroud (see record 1986-07976-001) on the earlier presentation of the present authors (see record 1984-00037-001) about the new philosophy of science. The present authors are pleased with what they have been able to communicate and discuss what they feel has been misunderstood. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The alcoholism controversy revisited.

Responds to G. A. Marlatt's (see record 1986-02189-001) reply to the present author's (see record 1986-02199-001) criticism of Marlatt's (see record 1984-13214-001) earlier article regarding the effectiveness of controlled drinking treatment for alcoholics by refuting Marlatt's defense of the methodology used in M. B. Sobell and L. C. Sobell's (see record 1973-23611-001) research on controlled drinking for hospitalized patients; it is suggested that arguments over the outcome for the Sobell and Sobell experiment are moot since the treatment procedures employed did not result in either sustained controlled drinking or stable abstinence in the abstinence-trained Ss. (6 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Optimum service delivery to the Black client.

Replies to the comments of H. U. Ashby (see record 1986-17759-001) and P. Bronstein (see record 1986-17774-001) on the author's (see record 1985-26063-001) work on the nondisclosing Black client. Ashby's and Bronstein's objections to the term healthy cultural paranoia are addressed with assertions that the author is not the originator of the term and that the impact of the proposal on the quality of care services to Black clients was not considered by either Ashby or Bronstein. (4 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More on temporality in human action.

Responds to the comments of W. L. Stroud (see record 1987-17464-001) and B. B. Barratt (see record 1987-17458-001) on the present authors' (see record 1986-13304-001) discussion of hermeneutic psychology, addressing Piaget's perspective, the use of abstract concepts, the conception of time, and the issue of ideological critique. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Beyond individualism and centralization.

Replies to the comments of C. D. Samuelson et al (see record 1986-17036-001) and P. C. Stern (see record 1986-17038-001) on the author's (see record 1985-30567-001) work on global ecology and individual psychological problems. It is suggested that the most crucial point is that psychological debate cannot be divorced from political ideology. It is important to make explicit individual political perspectives and value priorities and to take clear stands on the range of controversial issues that affect work by psychologists. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The dominance of the disease theory in American ideas about and treatment of alcoholism.

Comments on R. M. Dreger's (see record 1986-20021-001) and W. P. Reich and W. J. Filstead's (see record 1986-20050-001) comments concerning the present author's (see record 1985-28347-001) article on the cultural context of psychological approaches to alcoholism. In answer to the question of whether anyone really believes alcohol is a disease, it is asserted, based on practice, that every clinician in the US does. The question of the most appropriate view of alcoholism is addressed in terms of the debate over controlled drinking vs abstinence. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Comments on three recent subliminal psychodynamic activation investigations": Rejoinder to Oliver and Burkham and to Porterfield.

Considers the replies of A. L. Porterfield (see record 1986-11991-001) and J. M. Oliver and R. Burkham (see record 1986-11985-001) to the critique of the present author (see record 1986-12007-001). The original criticisms are seen as valid. A critical deficiency in the design of Porterfield and S. L. Golding's (see record 1986-11992-001) study is viewed as disqualifying it as a fair attempt at replication. It is suggested that although Oliver and Burkham's (see record 1983-01571-001) study was well-designed, statements made in their write-up are unwarranted. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obesity and protection from risk.

Responds to W. B. Webb's (see record 1987-26955-001) and H. E. Yuker's (see record 1987-26956-001) comments on the present authors and J. Plotkin's (see record 1986-12806-001) study of human Ss review board decisions by affirming the need for human Ss review boards and by defending the study's distinction between sensitive and nonsensitive forms of discrimination. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Borderline personality organization: Reply to Bauer and Sherry.

Replies to G. P. Bauer and P. Sherry's (see record 1986-25091-001) comments on the present authors' (see record 1984-12361-001) discussion of clinical and theoretical issues in the treatment of borderline patients. It is argued that Bauer and Sherry's reply was inaccurate, overly inferential, and misleading. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Constructing productions and producing constructions: A case for nuance.

Extends the discussion of the production of psychological knowledge that was initiated in articles by K. J. Gergen (see record 1986-00014-001), S. Scarr (see record 1986-10725-001), and T. E. Schact (see record 1986-11891-001) by reflecting on factors that render the discussion of psychological knowledge difficult and by calling attention to an omission in the constructionist position outlined by Scarr and by Gergen. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Misperceptions of women and affirmative action principles in faculty hiring: Response to Elliott's comment on Bronstein et al.

Contends that R. Elliott (see record 1987-20068-001) misrepresented the research of P. Bronstein et al (see record 1986-20846-001) on qualifications of women applying for academic positions in psychology. It appears that Elliott did not fully understand the principles of affirmative action. These principles are outlined and explained. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Elaborating the constructionist thesis.

Responds to comments from G. Nettler (see record 1986-20944-001) and A. Kukla (see record 1986-20940-001) regarding the present author's (see record 1986-00014-001) article on social constructionist theory by acknowledging potential ambiguities in the article and by clarifying and extending previous arguments related to empiricism, conventional constraints, and reductionism. (4 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On mood variation and memory: Reply to Isen (1985), Ellis (1985), and Mayer and Bower (1985).

Responds to comments by A. M. Isen (see record 1986-13663-001); H. C. Ellis (see record 1986-13654-001); and J. D. Mayer and G. M. Bower (see record 1986-13675-001) on the present authors' (see record 1986-03061-001) findings that (a) depressed college students showed no overall deficit in recall performance and (b) depressed students failed to show selective recall for mood-congruent (negative) events in a story. Issues considered included performance deficits in depression, selectivity effects in memory, the possibility that affective traits rather than mood states were assessed, and potential reactions to the mood questionnaires. Evidence is presented that the Beck Depression Inventory is not a mild mood-induction procedure. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Graduate education in psychology: Time for a change?

Contends that the emergence and growth of professional schools that provide psychological knowledge and training to those seeking applied careers constitutes the most visible attempt to alter the training of psychologists. The American Psychological Association's Education and Training Board has been mandated to evaluate the scope and mechanisms of the accreditation of doctoral psychology programs and to develop a planning committee for a national conference on university-based graduate education in psychology. Proposals for change suggested by R. E. Fox et al (see record 1986-12821-001), R. L. Klatzky et al (see record 1986-13164-001), and M. E. Olbrisch et al (see record 1986-12850-001) are discussed. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Unsuccessful redefinitions of the term placebo..

Argues that J. W. Critelli's (see record 1986-12543-001) modifications of his earlier definition of the term placebo in response to the present author's (see record 1986-01780-001) comment on Critelli and K. F. Neumann's (see record 1984-26517-001) article on placebo effects render it impossible to decide whether a given procedure should be assigned the placebo label. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)