La3+掺杂TiO2光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La^3＋／TiO2光催化剂,研究了该催化剂对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解效果。结果表明,La^3＋掺杂量（摩尔分数）2．8％、催化剂用量1．2g／L、体系pH值为11时,12mg／L亚甲基蓝溶液经2h光催化降解,其降解率可达99．1％。与纯TiO2相比,La^3＋/TiO2光催化剂显示出良好的光催化活性。     

掺杂铁TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe^3＋掺杂改性纳米TiO2光催化剂,通过纯TiO2和掺铁TiO2分别做光催化荆时甲基橙溶液在紫外光下的光催化降解试验发现,掺杂铁离子可以有效提高TiO2的光催化活性,结果表明：选用Fe^3＋掺杂量为0．05％,煅烧温度在500℃下得到的Fe^3＋．TiO2催化剂,在甲基橙溶液pH值为3,催化剂投加量为1g／L时,其光催化活性达到最佳效果。     

掺杂铁TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe^3＋掺杂改性纳米TiO2光催化剂,通过纯TiO2和掺铁TiO2分别做光催化剂时甲基橙溶液在紫外光下的光催化降解试验发现,掺杂铁离子可以有效提高TiO2的光催化活性．结果表明：选用Fe^3＋掺杂量为0．05％,煅烧温度在500℃下得到的Fe^3＋-TiO2催化剂,在甲基橙溶液pH值为3,催化剂投加量为1g／L时,其光催化活性达到最佳效果。     

Mg掺杂TiO_2光催化降解孔雀绿染料的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的Mg掺杂TiO2光催化剂降解孔雀石绿(MG)染料废水,考察了MG初始浓度、催化剂加入量等因素对其降解的影响。结果表明,Mg的掺杂显著提高了TiO2光催化降解孔雀石绿的活性,当催化剂用量为1.0 g/L,经120 min紫外光照射后,可使30 mg/L孔雀石绿溶液降解率达到84%,同时讨论了光催化机制。     

Zn^2＋改性TiO2对苯酚废水的光催化降解研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法对二氧化钛进行Zn^2＋改性,并以苯酚废水为降解模型反应物,研究了Zn^2＋改性TiO2的光催化活性。结果表明,Zn^2＋改性能够提高二氧化钛的光催化活性,当Zn^2＋掺杂量为2．0％（质量百分比）,煅烧温度为600℃,催化活性最好,当催化剂的投加量为3．0g／L,通气量为600mL／min,pH值为3．3时,对苯酚废水溶液紫外灯光催化30min的降解率可达到98．2％。     

钕和镨共掺杂TiO2光催化性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯纳米TiO2、钕和镨掺杂的纳米TiO2光催化剂,以甲基橙为目标降解物,研究了催化剂加入量、染料初始质量浓度、溶液pH值对甲基橙降解率的影响。实验结果表明,钕掺杂的纳米TiO2光催化活性高于纯纳米TiO2的光催化活性,而适量钕镨共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化活性可进一步提高,最佳掺杂浓度为0．5％的钕和0．2％的镨。当钕和镨共掺杂纳米TiO2催化剂加入量为2．0g／L,甲基橙溶液的初始质量浓度为30mg／L,pH值为10．5时,在40w紫外灯光照射35min后降解率最好,可达到93％。     

负载型TiO2光催化剂降解酸性玫瑰红B的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶方法,经过数次浸渍制备成负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂,研究光催化氧化降解酸性玫瑰红B(简写为AR)。考察了浸渍次数和煅烧温度对光催化活性的影响,表明浸渍3次和煅烧温度为550℃时催化剂的活性最好。研究了掺杂镧的催化剂活性并与P25作了比较,掺杂镧后,催化剂活性明显提高,光催化活性比P25高出13．5％。同时进行了负载型TiO2/硅胶的动力学研究,表明光催化降解AR过程符合伪一级反应动力学模型。     

Ce3+掺杂TiO2光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ce3 /TiO2光催化剂,研究了该催化剂对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解效果.结果表明掺杂量w(Ce3 )3.7%,催化剂用量0.12 g·L-1,体系pH值为10,12 mg·L-1亚甲基蓝溶液经2 h光催化降解,其降解率可达98.87%,与纯TiO2相比,Ce3 /TiO2光催化剂显示出良好的光催化活性.     

Fe-TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化性能试验研究

光催化技术是从20世纪70年代逐步发展起来的一门新兴环保技术，TiO2光催化更是热门的研究课题。介绍了以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Fe-TiO2纳米光催化剂的方法，并用纯TiO2和Fe-TiO2做光催化荆，对甲基橙溶液在紫外光下进行光催化降解试验。结果表明：掺杂铁离子可以有效提高TiO2的光催化活性，选用m（Fe／TiO2）为0．05％、500℃下煅烧得到的Fe-TiO2催化剂．在甲募橙溶液pH值为3、催化剂用量为1g／L时．其光催化活性达到最佳效果．     

钒-氮共掺杂TiO2光催化降解苯酚试验研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了钒-氮共掺杂TiO2光催化剂,对苯酚溶液进行了光催化降解试验研究,考察了在模拟太阳光条件下,pH、曝气量、苯酚溶液初始和催化剂投加量对钒-氮共掺杂TiO2光催化剂降解苯酚溶液的影响。结果表明,在试验条件下,以800 W氙灯为光源,反应溶液pH=6,曝气体积流量75 mL/min,苯酚溶液初始质量浓度小于80mg/L,催化剂投加量1.5 g/L时,苯酚溶液降解率最高;钒-氮共掺杂TiO2光催化剂重复使用7次后,对苯酚的光催化活性没有明显下降,具有良好的重复使用性。可为钒-氮共掺杂TiO2的应用推广提供依据。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。