Kaolinite nanomaterial: Intercalation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine in a methanol–kaolinite pre-intercalate

Intercalate nanomaterial comprising of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine [bmim]Br and methanol-pretreated kaolinite was prepared. We study several physical properties of the new intercalation compound by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC), UV–vis spectra and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The intercalation compound shows an increase of the basal spacing from 0.72 nm (for kaolinite) to 1.42 nm (for the material with the guest). Intercalated compound shows an increase in the thermal stability. Finally, the UV–vis spectra reveal significant absorption in the UV region for this inclusion compound.     

凹凸棒土杂化粒子改性聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖复合膜的结构与性能研究

采用表面引发接枝聚合法制备凹凸棒土接枝聚丙烯酰胺杂化粒子(ATP-g-PAAm),以此改性聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖复合膜(PVA/CS).采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热失重分析(TG)等对三元复合膜(PVA/CS/ATP-g-PAAm)进行了表征,考察了杂化粒子含量对复合膜力学性能、热性能、吸湿率和...     

Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Silk Fibroin Coaxial Core-Sheath Nanofibers Applied to Scaffolds and Drug Carriers

Developing biologically mimetic nanofibers (NFs) is crucial for their applications as scaffolds in tissue engineering and drug carriers. Herein, we present a strategy to facilely fabricate core-sheath NFs using coaxial electrospinning technique. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and silk fibroin (SF) were employed as component materials to construct PCL/SF NFs with PCL cores uniformly encapsulated by SF sheaths. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrate a uniform core-sheath structure of the coaxial NFs. The engineered core-sheath structure confers the composite NFs with greatly improved properties including surface hydrophilicity and mechanical properties. In vitro cell culture validates that the core-sheath NFs are favorable to the cultured rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC 12) attachment. To further demonstrate the advantage of the coupled structural integrity, the PCL/SF core-sheath NFs were compared with the NFs produced from PCL and SF blend. Results showed that the PCL/SF NFs possessed a tensile strength of ~6.93 ± 0.52 MPa and an elongation at break of ~294.31 ± 24.17%, whereas the blend NFs possessed ~5.55 ± 0.50 MPa and ~88.05 ± 13.98%, respectively. Dexamethasone-phosphate sodium (DEX) was employed as a model drug, whereby the in vitro release study indicates that the NFs exhibit an ideal releasing profile, capable of releasing DEX continuously over a period of 450 h. The constructed PCL/SF core-sheath NFs are promising candidates for biomedical applications. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:802–809, 2020. © 2020 Society of Plastics Engineers     

低粘度酚醛改性胺环氧固化剂的性能研究

采用非等温DSC法对自制的低粘度酚醛改性胺固化剂与环氧树脂的固化反应工艺参数进行了推导,并通过测试体系的固化度加以验证。固化物采用红外光谱进行了表征,同时测定了浇注体的力学性能、热性能(TG),并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对拉伸断裂面的表面形貌进行了观察。结果表明:环氧树脂E-51与自制固化剂的质量比为100∶35,固化工艺条件为常温/24 h+80℃/2 h时,体系力学性能最佳,拉伸强度55.2 MPa、弯曲强度92.8 MPa、压缩强度83.0 MPa,断裂伸长率2.2%,Tg达到280.3℃。该固化剂粘度低、耐热性好、具有很好的柔韧性,可用于建筑结构胶。     

双马来酰亚胺改性酚醛树脂的制备及其性能研究

采用烯丙基氯对PF(酚醛树脂)进行醚化,得到AEN(烯丙基化酚醛树脂);然后将其与BMI(双马来酰亚胺)共聚,制备BMAEN(BMI改性AEN)。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)法、差示扫描量热(DSC)法和热失重分析(TGA)法等手段对其结构和耐热性等进行了表征与分析。结果表明:BMAEN的耐热性能良好,其5%失重温度提高了47.5℃、最快热分解温度为462.0℃且800℃时残炭率为47.48%;BMAEN基玻璃纤维增强型复合材料的力学性能明显优于未改性PF基玻璃纤维增强型复合材料。     

三种植物纤维填充聚乳酸复合材料性能对比

为充分利用农作物植物资源,以稻秸秆、麦秸秆、稻壳三种植物纤维为填充相,聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,制备了PLA/植物纤维复合材料。对三种植物纤维的成分进行了对比分析,并对制备的复合材料的力学性能和吸水性能进行了比较,分析了三种复合材料的热重曲线、差示扫描量热曲线与红外光谱,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的断面微观结构。结果表明,三种植物纤维材料中稻秸秆的纤维素与半纤维素总含量最高,稻秸秆制备的PLA复合材料力学性能与界面结合性最好,其弯曲强度为28 MPa,分别比麦秸秆和稻壳制备的PLA复合材料高75%和47%;PLA/稻壳复合材料的吸水率最小,比PLA/稻秸秆和PLA/麦秸秆分别小10%与25%;三种植物纤维改性PLA复合材料的热分解曲线基本相同,PLA/稻壳复合材料的热稳定性相对最好。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly[2-(10-undecenoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate]

Summary By Schotten-Baumann's esterification of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) with 10-undecenoyl chloride a new multimonomer - poly[2-(10-undecenoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate] was prepared. Based on the results of elemental analysis, FTIR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectra, the structure of the multimonomer was proposed. The thermal properties of the multimonomer were studied by DSC and TG. The rate of disappearance of double bonds in the multimonomer during UV irradiation was examined in the solid state to obtain a crosslinked product. Received: 17 September 2001/Revised version: 5 February 2002/ Accepted: 7 March 2002     

基于α-PVA/s-PVA/NaCl共混体系的薄膜制备和表征

以两种等规度不同的聚乙烯醇（PVA）为原料,水作溶剂,加入不同含量的氯化钠（NaCl）,在室温干燥、水洗、再干燥后制成无规聚乙烯醇（a-PVA）／间规聚乙烯醇（s-PvA）共混薄膜。采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、傅立叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、力学性能测试以及热失重分析（TG）等方法对薄膜进行表征。结果显示,随NaG和s-PVA的含量变化,共混膜的吸收峰和熔点规律变化,并在3％（w）NaC1时获得最佳拉伸强度和弹性模量,分别为47．54MPa与1．95GPa。共混膜的热性能随着s-PVA含量增加而提高,s-PVA所占比例从0提高到40％时,相应地薄膜的熔点从231.4℃增至239.8℃。     

双酚A型二胺和二酐合成可溶性聚酰亚胺的研究

采用2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷(BAPP)和2,2-双[4-(3,4-二羧基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷二酐(BPADA)为单体,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,通过常规的两步法,并分别经热亚胺化和化学亚胺化过程合成了双酚A型聚酰亚胺(PI).用FTIR、DSC、TGA等对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征.F...     

Production of silk sericin/silk fibroin blend nanofibers

Silk sericin (SS)/silk fibroin (SF) blend nanofibers have been produced by electrospinning in a binary SS/SF trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution system, which was prepared by mixing 20 wt.% SS TFA solution and 10 wt.% SF TFA solution to give different compositions. The diameters of the SS/SF nanofibers ranged from 33 to 837 nm, and they showed a round cross section. The surface of the SS/SF nanofibers was smooth, and the fibers possessed a bead-free structure. The average diameters of the SS/SF (75/25, 50/50, and 25/75) blend nanofibers were much thicker than that of SS and SF nanofibers. The SS/SF (100/0, 75/25, and 50/50) blend nanofibers were easily dissolved in water, while the SS/SF (25/75 and 0/100) blend nanofibers could not be completely dissolved in water. The SS/SF blend nanofibers could not be completely dissolved in methanol. The SS/SF blend nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and differential thermal analysis. FTIR showed that the SS/SF blend nanofibers possessed a random coil conformation and ß-sheet structure.     

纳米纤维素/壳聚糖/明胶复合膜的制备及其性能研究

以明胶（Gel）、壳聚糖（CS）、纳米纤维素（NCC）为原料,采用溶液共混法制备了不同NCC和CS质量比的纳米纤维素/壳聚糖/明胶复合膜。采用紫外-可见分光光度计、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、热分析仪（TGA）和质构仪对所制备复合膜的透光性能、显微结构、化学结构、晶体结构、热学性能和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：纳米纤维素、壳聚糖、明胶之间形成相互作用较强的网络结构。复合膜表面光滑,分散均匀,具有良好的相容性。随着纳米纤维素含量的增加,复合膜透光率呈下降的趋势。与壳聚糖膜相比,复合膜的热稳定性显著提高。当纳米纤维素与壳聚糖质量比为7：1时,复合膜拉伸强度最高可达到33 MPa,断裂伸长率可达到14.9%,吸水率最大值可达到341%。     

多孔n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶的制备与抑菌性能研究

以纳米羟基磷灰石、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖为原料,采用物理交联法制备复合水凝胶(n-HA/PVA/CS),并测定其含水率、力学强度及微观结构。采用比浊法和平板计数法测定n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶在酸性条件下的最低抑菌浓度和抑菌率,同时对比研究其对革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌(E.coli)和革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的抑菌性。结果表明,n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶具有均匀分散的三维多孔结构,含水率75%,拉伸强度0.26 MPa。经过2%(质量分数)的醋酸溶液处理的n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶材料对S.aureus和E.coli的最低抑菌质量浓度均为0.5 g/L;在该复合水凝胶质量浓度为2.0 g/L时,对S.aureus的抑菌率为84%,对E.coli的抑菌率达到99%,当其样品质量浓度为2.5 g/L时,对E.coli抑菌率接近100%。n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶可望成为性能优良的人工角膜支架材料。     

Chitosan/silk fibroin composite scaffolds for wound dressing

Three‐dimensional (3D) chitosan/silk fibroin (CS/SF) porous composite scaffolds have been prepared by simply coating a thin layer of CS onto spunlaced SF scaffolds via hydrogen‐bonding assembly technique, and they were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and mechanical property measurements. The results show that porous scaffolds have a pore diameter around 50–200 μm, and improved mechanical property compared with SF, resulting from strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between CS and SF, together with the maintained β‐sheet structure of SF. The medical and biological properties of the composite scaffolds were further evaluated. The results demonstrate that they possess good biocompatibility and a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties. The in vivo animal experiments show that the composite scaffolds promote skin regeneration of rats without any teratogenic effect and inflection, thus they are very promising in the application of wound dressings. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42503.     

Preparation and characterization of novel chitosan/nanodiopside/nanohydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

Chitosan/nanodiopside/nanohydroxyapatite (CS/nDP/nHAp) composite scaffolds were prepared from the mixture of chitosan, nDP, and nHAp in different inorganic/organic weight ratios by using the freeze-drying method. The prepared nHAp and composite scaffolds were investigated using BET, TG, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, and XRD techniques. The composite scaffolds had 50–85% porosities with interlinked porous networks. Moreover, investigation of the cell proliferation, adhesion, and viability using MTT test, and mouse preosteoblast cell proved the cytocompatibile nature of the composite scaffolds with improved cell attachment and proliferation. All these results essentially illustrated that this composite could be a potential for bone tissue engineering applications.     

Sol-gel synthesis of polyaniline/zirconia composite conducting materials

Polyaniline (Pani) conducting polymer was successfully synthesized by an emulsion polymerization of aniline monomer in the presence of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA). Consequently novel Pani.DBSA/zirconia composites (PDZr) were successfully synthesized by sol-gel technique. Structural and morphological characterization of PDZr composites were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Upon incorporating zirconia the resulting composite material showed greater crystallinity. The FT-IR spectrum showed the characteristic peaks of Pani.DBSA shifted to higher wavenumbers. This suggests some interactions between zirconia network and Pani.DBSA polymer chains. TEM micrographs indicate morphological changes upon the formation of PDZr composites. The nanoparticles of Pani.DBSA formed rod-like structures in the resulting composite materials. A higher electrical conductivity was obtained when the PDZr composite was incorporated with 30 % weight of Zr(IV)-n-propoxide. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements revealed two distinct glass transition temperature (T_g) for PDZr composite at low percentage of zirconia. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicate that the maximum degradation temperature of the PDZr composites increased significantly to 484 °C.     

Mechanical and Physical Properties of Cassava Starch-Gelatin Composite Films

The effect of gelatin concentrations on the mechanical properties and solubility of cassava starch-based films containing glycerol was studied. Increasing concentration of gelatin increased tensile strength but reduced elongation at break and water solubility of the composite films. Films containing 30% gelatin showed the highest tensile strength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra indicated intermolecular interactions between cassava starch and gelatin in composite films. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique demonstrated pseudo-crystalline regions in the cassava starch-gelatin composite films, and it is supposed that the interactions between cassava starch and gelatin were shown in the diffractograms by shifts in scattering angles. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs confirmed homogeneity of cassava starch-gelatin films. Cassava starch-gelatin composite films have the potential to replace conventional packaging, and the films developed in this work are suggested to be suitable for low-moisture food and pharmaceutical products.     

N-甲基-N,N-二烯丙基-N-(3-脱氢枞酰氧基)丙基溴化铵的合成及其自聚动力学分析

以脱氢枞酸、3-溴-1-丙醇、甲基二烯丙基胺为原料制备了水溶性松香单体N-甲基-N, N-二烯丙基-N-(3-脱氢枞酰氧基)丙基溴化铵(DMDHAE),并使用核磁共振、气相色谱、元素分析、红外光谱、质谱、熔点仪等分析手段对合成产物的结构和性质进行了定量和定性分析。结果表明：所合成的DMDHAE纯度为91%,熔点为127~131℃,溶解度为1.50~1.60 g/mL;核磁和红外分析中出现了特征基团峰,质谱和元素分析与理论值一致。采用差示扫描量热仪对单体自聚进行监测,并利用自催化模型对其自聚动力学进行了研究。结果表明：DMDHAE具有可聚性,单体自聚的活化能(E_a)为124.336 kJ/mol,机理函数f(α)的表达式为SB(m, n)模型。     

Fabrication of Chitosan/Silk Fibroin Composite Nanofibers for Wound-dressing Applications

Chitosan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide with abundant resources, has been extensively exploited for various biomedical applications, typically as wound dressings owing to its unique biocompatibility, good biodegradability and excellent antibacterial properties. In this work, composite nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS) and silk fibroin (SF) were successfully fabricated by electrospinning. The morphology of electrospun blend nanofibers was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the fiber diameters decreased with the increasing percentage of chitosan. Further, the mechanical test illustrated that the addition of silk fibroin enhanced the mechanical properties of CS/SF nanofibers. The antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) were evaluated by the turbidity measurement method; and results suggest that the antibacterial effect of composite nanofibers varied on the type of bacteria. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of murine fibroblast on as-prepared nanofibrous membranes was investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and MTT assays in vitro, and the membranes were found to promote the cell attachment and proliferation. These results suggest that as-prepared chitosan/silk fibroin (CS/SF) composite nanofibrous membranes could be a promising candidate for wound healing applications.     

Synthesis and characterization of fluorene-based electroluminescent polymers containing silyl groups

Summary Two types of fluorene-based copolymers, poly(9,9'-di-n-hexyl-2,7-fluorenediyl-ethynylene-alt-9-trimethylsilyl-2,7-fluoreneethynylene[P-1], poly(9,9-di-n-hexyl-2,7-fluorenediylethynylene-alt-9,9'-bis-trimethylsilyl-2,7-fluoreneethynylene[P-2] were synthesized by employing palladium catalyzed polycondensation. Resulting polymers showed a good solubility in various organic solvents such as THF, chloroform, dioxane etc. and could be easily spin-coated onto an ITO glass plate to make a fine thin film. Characterization of these polymers includes FT-IR, UV-vis., ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, was conducted. Thermal properties were also investigated by DSC and TGA as well as molecular weight studies. The present polymers exhibited emission of blue-white color. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the polymers showed two peaks at 490 and 540 nm and it was found that electroluminescence (EL) spectra of the polymer [P-2] was very similar to its PL spectrum. Received: 17 September 2001/ Accepted: 12 October 2001     

熔融/固相缩聚法制备聚乙醇酸甲酯的工艺条件优化

以乙醇酸甲酯为原料,先通过熔融缩聚法得到低聚物,然后进行固相缩聚法制备出高分子量的聚乙醇酸甲酯（PMG）。考察了工艺过程中催化剂的种类和用量、反应温度以及反应时间对PMG分子量的影响。并通过正交试验得到较优的合成条件为：催化剂二水合氯化亚锡的质量分数为0.5%,压力70 Pa,反应温度180 ℃,反应时间100 h,合成的PMG的特性黏度可达0.802 dL/g。采用傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）表征了PMG基团的特征吸收峰,差示扫描量热仪（DSC）表征了PMG的玻璃化温度、结晶温度和熔点。