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本文分析了微机械陀螺检测灵敏度和驱动信号频率和幅度的关系,在此基础上提出了一种振动式微机械陀螺驱动控制环路方案并给出了相应的电路实现方法.它利用陀螺谐振时驱动信号和驱动模态位移信号具有900相位差这一特性,采用锁相方式完成驱动轴的稳频控制,恒幅控制环节则采用半波整流电路及后续的直流电压调整电路实现,从而完成了对驱动轴的锁相和恒幅双环路控制,保证了陀螺驱动轴的谐振和振幅恒定,有效的提高了陀螺的灵敏度和标度因子的稳定性.最后针对音叉电容式微机械陀螺进行的开闭环对比实验证明,添加控制环路的检测电路零偏稳定性提高了10倍左右. 相似文献
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对微陀螺闭环驱动系统理论进行分析讨论,结合微陀螺结构特性和自适应锁相环特点,设计一种微陀螺自适应闭环驱动系统。利用数学工具Matlab分别建立Simulink传统的自动增益控制器(AGC)方式闭环驱动系统模型和自适应闭环驱动系统模型,对其进行系统性能对比分析。分析结果表明:微陀螺自适应闭环驱动系统建立时间比传统AGC方式闭环驱动系统建立时间缩短69%,系统频率偏差仅为1Hz,频率稳定性是传统闭环驱动系统的38.46%,系统抗噪声能力优于传统闭环驱动系统。因此,采用自适应闭环驱动系统可以提高微陀螺的检测灵敏度。 相似文献
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微机械陀螺闭环驱动电路的新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
闭环驱动方式是目前高性能微机械陀螺的主流驱动方式,大部分的闭环驱动电路采用了自动增益控制模块以稳定输出信号的幅度,但是,采用AGC模块会限制电路的线性工作范围,而且输出摆幅有限,因此制约了微机械陀螺系统的灵敏度和稳定性。基于以上不足,在建立微机械陀螺系统等效电路模型的基础上,提出一种新颖的解决方案,采用比较器代替AGC模块,实现对陀螺输出信号幅度的控制,这种方案不仅电路结构更为简单,而且增大了整体电路的线性工作范围,能够始终输出满量程的驱动信号。 相似文献
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优化设计了一种闭环自激驱动电路,有效提高了微机械陀螺的驱动闭环控制精度.根据自激振荡振幅稳定性理论,对相角和增益解耦的闭环驱动系统幅值控制环路进行了分析,计算得到系统环路增益,推导出系统幅值达到最佳状态的环路参数,优化后陀螺的驱动力仅受控于一个可调变量.实验结果显示,改进后的自激振荡波形的均方差为0.0033 V,频率均方差为0.793 Hz,输出的幅值和频率的稳定性都得到了较大改善.对幅值控制环路的改进简化了电路调试,有效提高了陀螺系统的测量精度. 相似文献
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采用闭环控制电路使振动式微机械陀螺驱动模态保持谐振是提高其灵敏度和稳定性的最为直接、有效的方法.基于锁相控制环路是目前振动式陀螺驱动广泛采用的控制方法之一.对包括陀螺在内的锁相环各个环节进行了建模.对各部分模型线性化处理后,推导了微机械陀螺锁相环控制电路的系统传递函数.传递函数的分析表明该系统是一个有差系统,即压控振荡器发生频率和陀螺谐振频率总是存在一定的频差.文中引入了校正环节来消除稳态误差.采用音叉电容式微机械陀螺进行了实验,转台实验显示刻度因子有所提高,表明该控制方案能够有效的提高陀螺的灵敏度及其稳定性. 相似文献
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z轴硅微陀螺仪高精度闭环驱动研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种z轴硅微陀螺仪高精度闭环驱动方案.该方案实现了闭环驱动的相角和增益条件的解耦;对相角进行了优化控制,消除了驱动频率和驱动模态固有频率的相对频差影响;利用闭环回路中直流控制量与驱动力间的非线性关系,实现闭环自激控制.试验结果表明,1 h内,驱动频率变化的均方差为0.009 Hz,相对变化量为2.2ppm(1ppm=10-6);驱动幅度变化的均方差为0.002 5 mV,相对变化量为15ppm;驱动信号的噪声功率谱密度低于-100 dB.由此可见,本方案使陀螺仪驱动性能得到了极大提高. 相似文献
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分析了谐振微加速度计闭环驱动控制的要求,并根据要求建立了幅度和频率自适应控制的双闭环驱动分析模型.鉴于系统的高阶非线性,采用近似平均法分析了系统的稳态平衡点和稳定条件.对基于锁相技术的频率跟踪环,得到了环路频率稳定跟踪的积分控制器临界条件.对基于自动增益的幅度控制环,分析表明在没有PI控制器时不能实现恒幅振动,在引入PI控制器后,振动幅度与品质因数和频率无关;同时,较小的直流参考电压能实现同样大的振幅.仿真结果有效的验证了上述结论,理论分析和仿真有助于驱动电路的设计和调试. 相似文献
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Hutomo Suryo Wasisto Qing Zhang Stephan Merzsch Andreas Waag Erwin Peiner 《Microsystem Technologies》2014,20(4-5):559-569
A closed-loop circuit is developed in this work for tracking the resonant frequency of silicon microcantilever mass sensors. The proposed closed-loop system is mainly based on a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit. To lock onto the resonant frequency of the resonator, an actuation signal generated from a voltage-controlled oscillator is fed back to the input reference signal of the cantilever sensor. In addition to the PLL circuit, an instrumentation amplifier and an active low-pass filter are connected to the system for gaining the cantilever output signal and transforming a rectangular PLL output signal into a sinusoidal signal used for sensor actuation, respectively. To demonstrate the functionality of the system, a self-sensing silicon cantilever resonator with a built-in piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge is fabricated and integrated with the circuit. A piezoactuator is employed to actuate the cantilever into resonance. From the measurement results, the integrated closed-loop system is successfully employed to characterize a 9.4 kHz cantilever sensor under ambient temperature cross-sensitivity yielding a sensor temperature coefficient of ?32.8 ppm/°C. In addition to it, the sensor was also exposed to exhaled human breath condensates and e-cigarette aerosols to test the sensor sensitivity obtained from mass-loading effects. With a high frequency stability (i.e., a frequency deviation as low as 0.02 Hz), this developed system is intended to support the miniaturization of the instrumentation modules for cantilever-based nanoparticle detectors (CANTORs). 相似文献
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以外框驱动内框检测(ISOD)的框架式振动陀螺为对象,采用CSMC 0.6μm标准CMOS工艺给出了驱动电路和检测电路的实现方式.仿真结果显示,同外加驱动方式相比,自激驱动方式能够让驱动电压工作于微机械陀螺的驱动谐振频率上,对温漂和时漂有很强的抑制作用,能够实现最大的检测分辨率,微机械陀螺性能显著提高.采用全差动工作方式相对于单端工作方式,可以有效的提高信噪比(SNR),并可以抑制共模噪声的干扰,并降低对高频载波的依赖度.在大气环境下,微机械陀螺的响应度为10 mV/deg,灵敏度为0.1°/S*Hz2. 相似文献
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A novel dual-mass resonant output micromechanical gyroscope is proposed which utilizes resonant sensing as the basis for Coriolis force detection instead of displacement sensing. It can overcome the shortcoming of single-mass resonant output micromechanical gyroscope and can reduce the common mode acceleration error by using a dual-mass topology structure and lever differential mechanism. The structure and operating principle of the device are introduced. Moreover, some important theoretical analyses of the gyroscope are provided in detail. The analytical results have shown that the resonant frequencies of vibrating mass and double-ended tuning fork resonators are 3.153 and 62.853 kHz. The device has a frequency sensitivity of 12.535 Hz/deg/s and a mechanical noise floor of $ 7.957\deg /{\text{h}}/\sqrt {{\text{Hz}}} A novel dual-mass resonant output micromechanical gyroscope is proposed which utilizes resonant sensing as the basis for Coriolis
force detection instead of displacement sensing. It can overcome the shortcoming of single-mass resonant output micromechanical
gyroscope and can reduce the common mode acceleration error by using a dual-mass topology structure and lever differential
mechanism. The structure and operating principle of the device are introduced. Moreover, some important theoretical analyses
of the gyroscope are provided in detail. The analytical results have shown that the resonant frequencies of vibrating mass
and double-ended tuning fork resonators are 3.153 and 62.853 kHz. The device has a frequency sensitivity of 12.535 Hz/deg/s
and a mechanical noise floor of
7.957deg/\texth/?{\textHz} 7.957\deg /{\text{h}}/\sqrt {{\text{Hz}}} in air. The finite element simulation results verify the accuracy of analytical algorithms. The common mode acceleration
error of device can be reduced by 97.6%. The device is fabricated by SOG (Silicon on Glass) micro fabrication technology.
Some important performances are measured by experimental method. The micromechanical gyroscope can be used to estimate the
rotation rate by further implementing the signal processing electronics. 相似文献