圆形截面玻璃纤维筋混凝土桩体抗剪承载力研究

用GFRP筋来部分代替钢筋或预应力钢筋用于混凝土结构中,国内外已有大量研究和应用。目前对玻璃纤维（GFRP）筋混凝土结构受剪性能的研究,主要都是尺寸较小的矩形截面梁,关于圆形截面构件的斜截面受剪承载力的研究却极少。根据实际工程桩尺寸首次制作了比例为1∶1的试件,进行了二集中力三分点加载试验,试验中发现玻璃纤维筋混凝土梁具有剪切破坏的特征,通过对试验结果的分析并结合美国ACI规范与中国混凝土设计规范中抗剪承载力公式,推导出圆形截面GFRP筋混凝土梁的抗剪承载力公式,采用该公式计算的结果与实测值非常相近。进一步将上述理论应用在北京某地铁车站的基坑围护桩中,校核计算了盾构接收过程中围护桩的安全性,据此提出增大配筋率的建议。     

钢骨轻骨料混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力的计算与分析

根据试验结果,通过对钢骨普通混凝土梁和钢骨轻骨料混凝土梁斜截面抗剪性能的研究分析,认为二者的受剪性能、破坏形态及主要影响因素相同。由于轻骨料混凝土强度与钢材的粘结性能较差,尺寸效应对混凝土斜截面抗剪承载力Vc影响较大,需在钢骨普通混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力计算叠加法公式中的混凝土项引入一个与截面尺寸有关的修正系数αh,从而得到钢骨轻骨料混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力的计算公式。该公式与试验结果吻合良好。     

铝合金工字形截面的抗剪承载力研究

提出了考虑腹板屈曲后强度和翼缘约束效应的铝合金工字形截面的抗剪设计方法,并给出实用的建议设计公式。采用有限元方法模拟铝合金工字形截面的受力变形,并对已有工字形截面的抗剪承载力计算理论进行分析。有限元方法得出的荷载-位移曲线反映出铝合金工字形截面腹板弹性剪切屈曲力相当低,而构件整体抗剪承载力却相对较高,传统钢构件的设计方法不能准确反映其实际抗剪能力。在此基础上指出对于铝合金材料制成的工字形截面,抗剪设计公式应准确、方便的计算腹板受剪屈曲后承载力和翼缘对截面抗剪承载力的贡献。经数据比对,建议设计公式的计算结果和Hamoodi M J、Burt C A和Evans H R的试验资料及现行的欧洲铝合金规范公式计算结果吻合,且公式计算简捷。     

织物增强混凝土加固RC梁的斜截面抗剪承载力试验研究

基于不同剪跨比的织物增强混凝土(TRC)加固RC梁的斜截面抗剪承载力试验,研究被加固梁的斜截面抗剪承载力及其破坏形态的变化,并研究剪跨区加固后梁的变形特点。试验结果表明,加固措施可以有效地提高梁的斜截面抗剪承载力,改善梁的斜截面破坏的脆性,对斜裂缝的发展有一定的约束作用,并减小梁在斜裂缝出现前的挠度。试验还表明,对剪跨比较大的RC梁,采用织物增强混凝土薄板加固后,其斜截面抗剪承载力提高幅度较大:当剪跨比为1时,加固后梁的斜截面极限抗剪承载力提高4%;当剪跨比为2.5时,加固后梁的斜截面极限抗剪承载力提高68%。在试验研究的基础上,给出TRC薄板加固梁的受剪承载力设计计算公式,公式计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。     

锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能研究

基于试验结果的总结与分析,对锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的斜截面抗剪承载力、破坏形态、变形能力等进行了较为系统地研究。在此基础上,考虑锈蚀钢筋截面损失与力学性能退化的影响,建立了锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力计算模型,为抗剪性能的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

钢骨混凝土梁抗剪性能试验研究

通过3根钢骨混凝土梁和1根普通钢筋混凝土梁在单点集中荷载作用下的抗剪性能试验,研究了桁架式钢骨混凝土梁的斜截面破坏形态和抗剪承载力。试验结果表明:与普通钢筋混凝土梁相比,钢骨梁的开裂荷载和抗剪承载力都有较大的提高;在相同钢骨形式下,随着剪跨比减小,钢骨梁的极限抗剪承载力增大;加入水平分布筋后,延缓了剪区斜裂缝的开展,提高了钢骨混凝土梁的极限抗剪承载力。     

硫酸腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁斜截面受剪性能试验研究

化工厂房、污水管道和酸雨等环境中有较高浓度的硫酸,受硫酸腐蚀后,钢筋混凝土梁表层混凝土严重损伤,混凝土强度显著降低,梁受剪性能产生较大变化。考虑混凝土腐蚀层厚度和剪跨比等因素,对硫酸腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁受剪性能进行试验,研究混凝土腐蚀层厚度和剪跨比对钢筋混凝土梁截面应变、开裂荷载、破坏形态、承载力以及挠度等影响规律。研究结果表明:腐蚀梁破坏形态主要受剪跨比影响;随着腐蚀层厚度增加,梁截面应变和开裂荷载增大;承载力减小;变形增大。基于硫酸腐蚀对混凝土强度、剪跨比和截面尺寸等影响,提出硫酸腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁受剪承载力计算式,计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

钢筋混凝土短柱受剪性能尺寸效应研究

通过对6个不同截面尺寸的钢筋混凝土短柱的低周反复和单调加载试验,分析各试件的破坏模式、滞回特性、骨架曲线、延性和耗能能力,研究截面尺寸对短柱受剪性能的影响。结果表明:钢筋混凝土短柱的抗剪承载力、延性和平均耗能系数随截面尺寸的增加而减小;转角相同时,大尺寸构件损伤严重,等效黏滞阻尼系数随截面尺寸的增加而增加,尺寸效应明显。在试验基础上,提出考虑截面尺寸影响系数的钢筋混凝土柱抗剪承载力实用计算公式,使大小尺寸试件计算结果的安全储备系数趋于一致。     

预制钢管混凝土剪力墙箍筋插销连接竖缝抗剪强度分析

完成了3个截面形式分别为一字形、L形和工字形的1∶3缩尺两层单跨预制钢管混凝土剪力墙的拟静力加载试验,研究了箍筋插销连接的竖向接缝的抗剪性能,并与国内外学者及有关设计规范中提出的抗剪承载力公式计算值进行了对比。结果表明:混凝土齿槽的作用对竖向接缝总抗剪承载力的贡献远远小于抗剪钢筋的销栓作用;剪力墙底部截面的抗剪承载力对竖向接缝的变形破坏也有显著影响,墙底部截面抗剪承载力较高时,竖向接缝不易发生破坏。对预制装配式剪力墙结构,要想保证竖向接缝的可靠性,必须首先保证水平接缝的抗剪能力。     

大尺寸钢筋混凝土无腹筋梁受剪试验研究

进行集中荷载作用下7根大尺寸钢筋混凝土无腹筋简支梁的受剪试验,分析截面高度和纵筋配筋率对钢筋混凝土梁受剪承载力的影响,研究无腹筋梁斜裂缝产生和发展的过程及开裂模式。对试验梁的破坏形式、开裂荷载、受剪承载力、荷载-位移曲线、混凝土受压区应变、最大裂缝宽度和平均裂缝间距受截面有效高度的影响进行讨论。结合试验数据及国内外已有受剪试验成果的基础上对我国《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2002)受剪承载力公式的准确性与适用性进行了探讨。     

变截面箱形梁桥剪滞效应的近似计算方法

本文在等截面连续箱形梁桥剪滞效应变分法的基础上,通过对影响截面剪滞系数诸要素的分析,提出了一种以当量等截面代替变截面连续箱梁的近似计算方法,以期为变截面箱形连续梁桥的工程设计提供一种简单、有效的计算方法.     

Stahlverbundbrücken mit begehbaren Kastenträgern

Steel‐Composite bridges with box girders which are to be inspected on foot. In the last years the development in shaping of cross sections of bridges over a valley shows a tendency to some special types in dependency on the site, which were built again and again. These are the cross sections with one trapezoid box girder, consisting of a steel trough and a concrete slab, which is to be inspecting on foot as well as cross sections with two airtight welded box girders of steel, connected with the concrete deck slab, too. All the bridges with these cross sections are so designed that there is only a composite effect in longitudinal direction. To realise an economical bridge building, there has to be taken some typical design criterions into consideration for each type of cross section. The following paper describes these design criterions for cross sections with one trapezoid box girder and points out the optimal cross section and the economical area of application.     

小跨高比混凝土简支箱梁静力性能试验研究

山地城市排水干管埋地箱涵由于滑坡导致地基塌陷而成为简支箱涵,支承方式的改变导致管道结构存在破坏风险.为此,文章对简支下小跨高比埋地箱梁进行了模型静力加载试验,分析了小跨高比埋地箱涵在简支条件下的破坏形式、抗剪性能以及剪力滞效应,讨论了现行有关设计规范对于箱涵抗剪承载力计算之不足.研究表明,竖向均布荷载作用下,小跨高比箱...     

预应力活性粉末混凝土箱梁抗弯性能试验

为研究预应力活性粉末混凝土(RPC)箱梁的正截面受力性能,进行了2片预应力RPC箱梁的抗弯性能试验,研究了RPC箱梁的受力变形特征以及顶板横向预应力对其抗弯性能的影响。结果表明:预应力RPC箱梁具有良好的变形能力,其极限变形可超过跨径的1/50;RPC箱梁正常使用阶段的裂缝宽度和短期刚度可参照《纤维混凝土结构技术规程》（CECS 38:2004）的相应公式计算,其中的钢纤维影响系数可分别取为0.4和0.2;RPC箱梁顶板内的横向预应力对截面抗弯承载力的影响较小,但会使受压区混凝土的应变分布更加均匀,从而减弱箱梁顶板受压的剪力滞效应并增加构件的延性;试验中对顶板内施加2.95 MPa的横向预压应力（仅为RPC棱柱体抗压强度94 MPa的3.1%）后,可使箱梁受压翼缘的有效分布宽度增加约10%,构件延性指标增加约3%。试验结果验证了提出的预应力RPC箱梁正截面抗裂和抗弯承载力的计算公式。     

九江长江大桥钢箱梁制作创新工艺设计及应用

本桥设计为双塔双索面斜拉桥,主桥结构为六跨不对称混合梁,其中钢梁为单箱三室结构的扁平钢箱梁。结合主桥钢箱梁的结构特点,进行了26项重点工艺方案设计,有多项工艺进行了创新设计,本文列举几项,例如梁段间预留间隙设置尺寸的加大,保证了梁段端口焊缝的焊接质量;对横隔板上、下接板的对中及变形控制采用一些列的工艺措施,保证了横隔板与顶板、横隔板上下接板间的焊接质量及尺寸精度;对桥面衔接构造无过焊孔的工艺处理进行改进,并提出组焊顺序,提高了钢箱梁的使用寿命。     

考虑腹板剪切变形及滑移的波形钢腹板梁理论模型

在采用栓钉等柔性剪力连接件的波形钢腹板组合梁中,由于波形钢腹板较大的剪切变形及双界面剪切滑移,平截面假定不再适用。为此,通过将波形钢腹板梁的弯曲分解为顶底板整体满足平截面假定的主弯曲和顶底板各自满足平截面假定的次弯曲,引入波形钢腹板的剪切变形协调条件和界面剪切滑移关系,推导了考虑波形钢腹板剪切变形及界面滑移的波形钢腹板梁弹性弯曲微分方程,利用给出的横隔板对次弯曲和滑移的约束边界条件,求得了简支波形钢腹板梁在不同荷载作用下的解析解,并采用有限元分析予以验证。在此基础上,分析了横隔板及滑移对梁体弯曲性能的影响。结果表明：横隔板约束对梁体变形影响很小,但会使其附近梁段顶底板出现应力集中;当界面剪切刚度系数大于0.9时,在高跨比1/20~1/10范围内,考虑滑移与不考虑滑移梁跨中挠度比小于1.05;界面剪切刚度系数越小,横隔板附近梁段顶底板应力集中越严重。     

波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥剪力滞效应研究

波形钢腹板组合箱梁由于其力学性能和经济性能比普通箱梁优越而正被广泛地使用,本文介绍了计算波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥剪力滞系数的能量变分法,用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行了波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥的建模,并采用能量变分法的结果加以验证。结果表明采用有限元法模拟波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥的剪力滞效应效果较好,分析了波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥横桥向和纵桥向剪力滞系数的变化规律。     

Membrane forces acting on thin-walled box girders considering shear lag effect

A new method for the determination of membrane forces acting on box girder bridges considering shear lag effect is proposed in this paper. A box girder is divided into four thin plate elements: top plate, bottom plate, cantilever and web. Using the equilibrium conditions of the plates, the membrane force equation for each plate element is established. The analytical formulas for calculating the membrane normal, transverse and shear forces of each plate element considering shear lag effect are derived. The proposed method is easy to implement in the design of thin-walled box girders considering shear lag effect.Through examples using the high order finite strip element method and the experiment, the results obtained by the proposed method are examined and the accuracy of the proposed method is verified. The discussions on the shear lag effect on the membrane forces acting on cantilever box girders are given considering the variations of span to width ratio, width to height ratio and various loading conditions.     

Research on reasonable value of target reliability index for steel main girder of cable-stayed bridge considering durability

Abstract

This article studies the relationship between the target reliability index and the design life of the main girder of a long-span cable-stayed bridge to provide a theoretical basis for the design of steel girders for such an application. The changes of the bending section modulus under atmospheric corrosion and the residual ultimate stress of the section of a steel box girder under alternating loads are discussed. A resistance attenuation function for a steel girder of a cable-stayed bridge to predict the resistance change of a steel box girder over the service period is proposed, and the change characteristics of the time-varying reliability index of a steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge are studied. By analysing the relationship between the time-varying reliability index and the evaluating benchmark value of the reliability index, the time point of maintenance and reinforcement is predicted. Based on the change over time of the difference between the time-varying reliability index and the evaluating benchmark value of the reliability index, the relation function between the target reliability index and the service lifetime of a bridge considering resistance attenuation are provided.     

Bending strength of concrete-filled narrow-width steel box girder

A new type of partially concrete filled steel box girder is proposed. The distance between the two webs is narrower than that of a conventional steel box girder, and concrete is filled inside the box girder at the intermediate supports of the continuous girder. Static bending loading tests were conducted with these new type girders, showing that the ultimate bending strength of the concrete filled steel box girder model was 40% larger than that of the steel box girder model. The ductility also increased about 8 times. The tests with the half concrete filled steel box girder model showed that the ultimate bending strength was 25% larger than the steel box girder model and the ductility was about 6.5 times larger. The half concrete filled steel box girder model without vertical stiffeners had the same ultimate bending strength of that of the girder with vertical stiffeners but the ductility was about half. The simple calculation method was developed using fibre models. The calculated results agreed with the test results and the calculation method has been verified.