湿法处理焊锡阳极泥回收四种金属

<正> 目前国内外有关焊锡阳极泥综合回收的资料很少报导。个旧市有色金属加工厂,在电解铅锡含金中析出的阳极泥,由于无可行的综合回收工艺,长期以来,露天堆放,不仅国家急需的物资得不到回收,积压了资金,而且污染了环境。为做好综合利用,变废为宝,我们经过实验探索,找到了一个较为经济合理的阳极泥湿法工艺流程。该流程经一次酸浸、分别提取、锡铜沉淀、灼烧分离等步骤,达到了锡、铅、银、铜等四种金属的有效回收。现将小型试验介绍如下:     

黄铜水嘴中铜析出影响因素分析及机理研究

针对铜质水嘴铜析出超标问题,以H62/H65/砷铜管(CuZn36As)3种材质水嘴为研究对象,通过在固定床实验台架上测试不同实验条件下水嘴的铜析出情况;同时结合金相显微镜测试结果来探究黄铜水嘴中铜析出的影响因素和析出机理。分析结果表明,水嘴铜析出的主要原因为电化学腐蚀,管材成分、热处理工艺、材料的抗脱锌腐蚀性能这些也是影响水嘴铜析出的重要因素。氯离子的存在会进一步加速该电化学反应的进行,使位于微电池阳极的铜基体不断溶解,从而导致铜的大量析出。     

硫酸工业含砷污泥中的重金属测定

以某硫酸企业含砷污泥为研究对象,采用现行的浸取方法处理该含砷污泥,并用原子荧光光谱法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定其浸出液中的砷和铅、镉、铜、锌等5种重金属含量.结果表明,含砷污泥中砷、铅、镉、铜4种重金属含量均存在超标现象,相对标准偏差在81.1%～103.5%之间,加标回收率在0.05%～0.64%之间.此分析方法简...     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定铜阳极泥中的有害元素Pb、As、Cd、Cr

建立了一种可以同时、准确测定铜阳极泥中有害元素铅、砷、镉、铬的方法。铜阳极泥样品经王水微波消解,定容后采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法进行分析,本研究探讨了称样量和分析谱线对检测结果的影响。Pb、As的线性范围为0-100μg/mL,0-60μg/mL,Cr、Cd的线性范围为0-30μg/mL,4种元素的检出限在0.00054-0.053μg/mL之间,测定下限在0.0018-0.176μg/mL之间,本方法中铅、砷、铬、镉的回收率在91.7%-108.3%之间,Pb、As、Cd、Cr的相对标准偏差为0.0036～0.00972,0.00520～0.00998,0.0099～0.068,0.0066～0.059。     

铜冶炼阳极泥综合回收工艺的设计与经济性分析

铜冶炼产生的固体阳极泥含有金、银、铂、钯、硒等稀贵金属,为有效解决环境保护与资源综合利用问题,本文综述了国内外铜阳极泥处理工艺,比较了半湿法工艺和火法为主的卡尔多炉工艺的优缺点。在大规模处理铜阳极泥和满足高环保低能耗要求方面,卡尔多炉工艺的优势更加明显。为铜冶炼阳极泥处理项目设计过程中提供一定的思路,供企业参考和借鉴。     

从铜阳极泥中提取银的工艺研究现状

从有色金属电解得到的铜阳极泥中提取银是银最重要的来源.介绍了铜阳极泥处理提取银的主要工艺流程、优缺点及其应用情况.重点介绍了湿法处理铜阳极泥工艺浸出法回收银的主要方法、对分银液进行液固分离的主要设备,以及企业采用火湿联合冶炼法提取银的生产现状.     

硫化法回收铜阳极泥冶炼废水中金银的工业试验

铜阳极泥是阳极铜精炼过程中产生的废渣,在其冶炼处理工艺过程中会产生大量含微量Au、Ag等金属的废水溶液,这些废水直接排放不但浪费了资源而且污染环境。针对这种现象,通过工业试验,对铜阳极泥冶炼废水中的Au、Ag进行硫化回收。结果表明,当废水溶液pH值为6.5,每处理200 m~3废水添加100 kg的硫化钠时,金、银的回收效果最优。硫化回收后废水中Au、Ag基本上达到了排放标准。     

某有色金属公司铜阳极泥处理新工艺的开发和应用

分析了不同铜阳极泥处理工艺的优缺点,依托回转窑—湿法处理技术,某有色金属公司开发了新铜阳极泥处理工艺,实现了铜阳极泥的低成本、高效率回收,提升了企业整体盈利水平.介绍了该工艺的流程、技术创新点、主要经济技术指标,并指出该工艺存在的问题和改进方向.     

卡尔多炉贵金属冶炼废水处理系统设计与运行

介绍了铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司稀贵金属分公司卡尔多炉烟气净化废水处理工艺流程及设备配置情况。由于卡尔多炉周期性作业且处理的铜、铅阳极泥原料成分复杂,净化废水中铜、铅、砷等杂质含量存在较大波动,采用硫化法加电石渣-铁盐法联合处理工艺处理废水,处理后排水指标明显优于GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》中的一级指标,废水可全部循环利用。     

国外某铜铅银钡多金属矿的分离与回收工艺

对国外某铜铅银钡多金属矿进行铜铅混合浮选、抑铅浮铜、浸出、重选等实验研究,最终确定采用铜铅混浮-精矿浸出-尾矿重选的选冶联合工艺流程,实现了铜、铅、银、钡资源的综合回收.结果表明,原矿含铜1.52%、铅7.84%和BaSO_4 29.91%,银品位为243.8 g/t,经混合浮选得混合精矿含铜8.09%、铅47.21%、银1389.4 g/t,回收率分别为85.50%,92.91%,87.93%;在室温(25℃)、浸出剂浓度0.6 mol/L、液固质量比4、浸出时间50 min的条件下浸出,获得了铜、铅、银浸出率分别为84.95%,5.56%,21.04%的浸出液和含铜1.54%、铅64.23%、银1 787.6 g/t的浸出渣.浮选尾矿经摇床重选后得BaSO_4品位为95.37%、回收率为35%的钡精矿.     

高锑铅阳极泥真空还原除锑研究

介绍了一种在真空气氛下,高锑铅阳极泥还原除锑新工艺。添加3．5％聚乙烯树脂作还原剂,阳极泥蒸发率可达64％(锑脱除率大于98％)。此工艺具有流程短,处理温度低,消耗少,回收率高,劳动强度低,无三废污染等特点。     

铜阳极泥桨叶干燥工艺及设备研究

铜阳极泥为电解铜产物,含有大量稀贵金属,对其干燥脱水采用节能、高效、环保的桨叶干燥系统替代原厢式干燥。本文对桨叶干燥系统工艺及设备做简要介绍。     

循环冷却水对铜质换热器的腐蚀与对策

分析循环冷却水中铜质换热器的腐蚀原因和相应对策。防止铜设备的腐蚀。保证生产正常运行。     

Anode slime behaviour in a laboratory-scale copper electrorefining process

Combining conventional electrochemical measurements, laser-based visualization and digital image processing, the movement of anode slime, its spatial distribution and path of falling during the copper electrorefining process were investigated in a laboratory scale cell. Two types of anode slime, small agglomerates and fine particles were observed. The behaviour of the slime was found to be closely related to the electrolyte circulation pattern. Different circulation rates and direction can only change the magnitude of the falling rate of small agglomerates, but not its direction. The path of falling is essentially random. By contrast, the direction of circulation can change both the rate of movement and the direction in the case of fine-particle slimes. Downward circulation accelerates the rate of settling; the higher the circulation rate, the faster the rate of slime removal from the cell     

锡阳极泥中锡含量的测定

文章研究了锡阳极泥中锡含量的测定方法,样品通过焙烧,过氧化钠分解后,以热水浸取,过滤,使锡与铜、砷等干扰元素分离。滤液经酸化处理,于盐酸溶液中,用铝片还原,以碘酸钾滴定法完成测定。     

Electrochemical and physical characterisation of lead-based anodes in comparison to Ti–(70%) IrO2/(30%) Ta2O5 dimensionally stable anodes for use in copper electrowinning

The suitability of various dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs^?) was investigated in comparison to the conventional lead alloy anodes in the electrowinning of copper. DSA^? plate and mesh specimens of composition Ti–(70%) IrO₂/(30%) Ta₂O₅ and lead–(6%) antimony were evaluated. The electrochemical behaviour of these anodes was studied by carrying out open circuit potential measurements, galvanostatic chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Physical characterisation was done using a scanning electron microscope. It was observed that the DSA^? plate anode exhibited the highest corrosion resistance followed by the DSA^? mesh and lead anodes, respectively. The results also showed that during copper electrowinning using lead anodes, dissolution of the anode occurs while for both DSAs^? marginal loss of coating was observed. The lead anode had the highest anode potential followed by the DSA^? plate and mesh anodes, respectively. Overall, it was demonstrated that the DSA^? plate anode is the most suitable anode for copper electrowinning.     

酸性光亮镀铜的原材料和阳极的质量问题

指出在酸性光亮镀铜生产中，不应只注意光亮剂的选择，还要重视原材料，例如硫酸铜，硫酸和配制电解液用水的纯度，铜阳极生产中使用的铜的纯度，加工方法影响阳极中磷质量分数的多少和磷在阳极中分布是否均匀。这些问题对镀液和镀层质量的影响不容忽视。     

Electrochemical behaviour of silver-containing copper anodes under simulated electrorefining conditions

Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the behaviour of silver-bearing copper anodes during electrorefining. Reproducible electrochemical characteristics were obtained for copper anodes of different shapes, sizes and configurations (vertical against horizontal) containing up to 1 wt % silver. Passivation time measurements indicated a strong correlation between the electrochemical spectra characteristics and the ease of anode passivation. A cubic-shaped anode without acrylic mounting medium was developed that avoided the impact of anode size and shape on the electrochemical characteristics and passivation of silver-bearing copper anodes. A fully computerized data acquisition system previously developed to generate electrochemical spectra for pure copper anodes under simulated electrorefining conditions has been extended to the examination of silver-bearing copper anodes.     

利用高锑铅阳极泥制备三氧化二锑的工艺研究

介绍了一种在真空气氛下从高锑铅阳极泥中分离制备三氧化二锑的新工艺,并对影响挥发率的各种主要因素如挥发温度、真空度和挥发时间分别进行了讨论。利用此工艺,锑的脱除率可达到96%,一次性挥发制得的三氧化二锑的粒度细、纯度高(大于99.7%),可直接作为零级品使用,且挥发处理后所得贵铅中银的富集倍数高,具有实现流程短(仅需一道工序)、能耗低、无污染的特点。