溶胶-凝胶法超疏水含氟硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯/SiO2杂化涂层的制备

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为前驱体,在含氟硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(FSiPUA)复合乳液中采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了超疏水杂化涂层。考察了MTES/TEOS的摩尔比和FSiPUA复合乳液用量等对涂层表面粗糙度、疏水性、成膜性等表面性能的影响。通过扫描电镜和接触角仪表征了涂层的微观结构及疏水性,利用马尔文粒度分析仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪分析了二氧化硅(SiO2)的平均粒径和化学结构。结果表明,随着MTES/TEOS摩尔比增加,杂化涂层的表面粗糙度逐渐下降,疏水性先增大后减小;随着FSiPUA复合乳液用量增加,涂层的成膜性逐渐变好;当(TEOS+MTES)∶C2H5OH∶NH3·H2O∶AMP-95的摩尔比为1∶6.67∶1.83∶0.24,MTES/TEOS摩尔比值为5,FSiPUA复合乳液用量为20%时,涂层具有超疏水特性,其水接触角(WCA)和滚动角(SA)分别为161.5°和2.8°,涂层表面对水滴具有优异的不粘附性。     

低温固化硅树脂的制备及其防腐蚀涂层性能研究

以硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTES)和二甲基二甲氧基硅烷(DMDMS)为硅烷单体,以柠檬酸为催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备乙烯基甲基硅树脂,并添加固化剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)使制备的硅树脂可以在较低温度(50℃)下固化。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)对比硅树脂固化前后的结构变化;通过接触角、吸水率、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试了不同n(R)/n(Si)、n(Si—OC_nH_(2n+1))/n(H_2O)、pH以及固化剂用量对硅树脂涂层耐水性和防腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:当n(R)/n(Si)=1.4/1、n(Si—OC_nH_(2n+1))/n(H_2O)=0.2/0.2、pH=2.6、固化剂用量为4%(质量分数)时,涂层具有较好的性能。     

气凝胶骨架结构的有机-无机交联度对其力学、热学性能的影响

硅系气凝胶是目前研究理论最为完善、合成技术最为成熟的气凝胶材料。本工作分别以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)、甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、MTMS与二甲基二甲氧基硅烷(DMDMS)混合硅源、乙烯基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(VMDMS)为前驱体, 制备了不同种类的硅系气凝胶。所制得的硅系气凝胶具有较高的比表面积, 并呈现出纳米多孔的网络结构。本研究详细探讨了前驱体结构对气凝胶的力学及热学性能的影响。结果表明, 硅系气凝胶的骨架结构交联度越低, 弹性性能越好; 同时, 引入有机碳氢链会进一步提升气凝胶的弹性性能。所制备的硅系气凝胶兼具良好的保温隔热性能, 常温热导率在0.032~0.041 W/(m·K)范围内, 热重损失随着骨架结构内有机组分的增多而增大。这些优良的力学及热学性能使硅系气凝胶在保温隔热、储能等领域均具有广阔的应用前景。     

混凝土表面SiO2-GPTMS-PDMS复合薄膜的耐腐蚀性能

由正硅酸乙酯(TEOS),g-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)作为前躯体,端羟基硅油(PDMS)作为改性剂,通过溶胶凝胶技术制备的一种混凝土耐腐蚀涂层,二月硅酸二丁基锡(DBTL)作为Si—O—Si结构形成的催化剂,红外光谱分析结果说明正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、g-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)和端羟基硅油(PDMS)有效地通过化学键形成一种有机/无机复合材料。涂膜后混凝土表面静态接触角由原来的40°增加到90°~110°,吸水率降低90%以上,并随着端羟基硅油的含量增加,疏水性增强。5%NaCl作为盐雾试验源,盐雾试验结果显示复合溶胶有8~14mm的降低氯离子渗透能力,结果说明复合溶胶有效增强了混凝的耐腐蚀能力。     

激光熔敷Ti5Si3/(NiTi2+β+Ti5Si3) 复合涂层组织与耐磨性

为了提高钛合金的干滑动磨损耐磨性能，以Ti-Si-Ni混合合金粉末为原料对BT9钛合金进行激光熔敷处理，制备出以金属间化合物Ti5si3为耐磨增强相的快速大“原位”耐磨复合涂层，利用金相、SEM、XRD等技术分析了涂层的成分及显微组织结构，在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性。结果表明：涂层中Ti5Si3初生相均匀分布于NiTi2-β－Ti5Si3共晶基体上，整个涂层组织均匀、致密、无气孔、无裂纹；涂层与钛合金基材形成了良好的冶金结合，涂层具有很高的硬度，在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下具有优异的耐磨性能。     

一种防腐耐刮纳米二氧化钛／有机聚合物杂化涂层的制备

将纳米二氧化钛与硅聚物杂化制备一种涂膜,采用WGFS透光率、雾度测定仪测量涂层的透过率和雾度,用Tatw5151耐磨仪测试涂层-耐磨性（荷4500g,100诉ain）,用中华铅笔测试涂层铅笔硬度,用3M600胶带测试涂层附着力,结果表明,该涂膜具有较好的防腐、耐刮性能     

水性纳米Al_2O_3/聚硅氧烷杂化镁合金防腐涂层的制备及性能EI北大核心CSCD

以水性纳米Al_2O_3溶胶、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法,制备了水性纳米Al_2O_3/聚硅氧烷杂化镁合金防腐涂层。采用电化学交流阻抗技术、动电位极化曲线等手段研究了纳米Al_2O_3/(GPTMS+MTMS)摩尔比对涂层的耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,涂层的耐腐蚀性能随着摩尔比的增大呈现先增强后下降的趋势,其中摩尔比为1∶5的杂化涂层耐腐蚀性能最佳,在3.5%Na Cl溶液中浸泡75 h后的交流阻抗值为6.68×10~6Ω/cm^2,腐蚀电流密度为4.19×10^(-9)A/cm^2,比裸露AZ31B基板的腐蚀电流密度降低了4个数量级。另外,涂层的扫描电镜照片显示,纳米Al_2O_3粒子均匀分散于涂层之中,粒子与有机物粘连紧密,无明显的团聚现象。     

PDMS薄膜表面有机硅耐磨涂层的制备研究

为了提高聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)薄膜表面的硬度和耐磨性,进一步拓展微流控材料的应用,提出了以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和苯基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)为主要原料,在PDMS薄膜表面制备有机硅耐磨涂层的方法.同时,加入具有增韧效果的丙烯酸甲酯溶胶和HCl催化剂等原料,测试了不同组分对涂层耐磨性、硬度、附着性、光学透光性及耐高温性等特性的影响,优化了涂层中各组分之间的配比.结果表明:制备的有机硅耐磨涂层可以有效提高PDMS薄膜表面的硬度、耐磨性及耐高温冲击性等性能,与PDMS基底之间的附着性良好,且在可见光区有一定的增透作用,有效改善了 PDMS薄膜的表面特性.     

纳米Al_2O_3增强杂化环氧复合涂层的制备与性能

采用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为水解前驱体,γ-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)为偶联剂,利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了有机-无机杂化环氧树脂,研究了纳米Al2O3对复合涂层性能的影响规律。结果表明,复合涂层的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能优于未添加纳米Al2O3的涂层。当添加15%的纳米Al2O3时,涂层硬度由4H提高到6H,耐盐雾时间从360h增加到620h。电化学分析显示,腐蚀电流密度由1.53×10-6 A/cm2下降到5.07×10-8 A/cm2,阻抗值从5.0×105Ψ·cm2增加至6.3×106Ψ·cm2。涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡30d后,阻抗均保持在105Ψ·cm2以上。SEM分析表明,纳米Al2O3显著增强了涂层的致密性。     

氧化石墨烯的疏水改性及在抗划伤透明涂层中的应用

以γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)为改性剂,对氧化石墨烯(GO)改性制得疏水氧化石墨烯(m-GO),并以此作为增强填料,以三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和氨酯-丙烯酸酯(UA)为基础,在聚碳酸酯(PC)表面制备了透明抗划伤涂层。研究了改性疏水GO对涂层抗划伤性能和光学性能的影响。结果表明,m-GO可以显著提高涂层在宏观尺度和微观尺度的抗划伤性能。与纯涂层相比,当m-GO的质量分数为0.1%时,涂层铅笔硬度增加3个等级达到2H,纳米压痕模量提高14%、硬度提高5%,摩擦系数降低15%。当m-GO的质量分数不超过0.1%时,涂层的可见光透过率在81%以上,雾度值在1.6%以下,涂层保持了良好的光学性质。     

Investigations into sol-gel silica and silica hybrid coatings for dielectromagnetic soft magnetic composite applications

A series of inorganic and organic–inorganic hybrid silica coatings were synthesised by a sol-gel process from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) precursors, and used to investigate their effectiveness as insulation materials in dielectromagnetic soft magnetic composites. The coating materials and coated iron powders were analysed by FTIR, electron and atomic force microscopy. Results showed that introduction of the organic phase imparted desirable hydrophobicity and flexibility to the coating, whilst still providing effective electrical insulation at temperatures up to 500 °C. The hybrid coatings covered the iron particle surface very effectively and formed continuous coatings that could remain intact even after compaction at pressures up to 900 MPa, depending on the coating amount. Initial magnetic characterisations are also encouraging. As a result, such hybrid-coated iron powders can be considered suitable candidates as heat-treatable high-performance dielectromagnetics.     

环氧基倍半硅氧烷杂化膜的摩擦性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,将不同含量的正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)与r-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲基硅烷(GPMS)共水解缩合,所得终产物为有机-无机纳米杂化材料,用浸渍法使其在玻璃基体上成膜,并利用扫描探针电镜(SPM)对膜的形貌进行了表征.通过MTS Nano Indenter XP纳米压痕仪研究了TEOS的含量对杂化体系摩擦性能的影响.结果表明,环氧基倍半硅氧烷杂化膜在TEOS含量为5%时表面粗糙度最小、弹性恢复能力最大,TEOS含量为10%时摩擦系数最小.     

LY12铝合金表面有机-无机杂化膜的防腐性能研究

以乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VMS)、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPMS)和γ-环氧丙基醚基三甲氧基硅烷(GPMS)三种硅烷偶联剂为前驱体,制备了正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)改性的有机-无机杂化膜.采用动电位极化曲线测试了膜层的防腐性能,考察了TEOS含量对其的影响.以腐蚀电流为指标,比较了三种体系杂化膜的防腐能力.利用盐雾试验和电子扫描照片研究了杂化膜耐长久腐蚀行为.结果表明,杂化膜的存在有效地抑制了腐蚀反应的发生,VMS和MPMS膜层可使腐蚀电流减小300多倍.当TEOS含量为15%～20%(质量分数,下同)时,膜层的腐蚀电流最小.比较而言,VMS-TEOS膜层的耐蚀能力最强,GPMS-TEOS膜层最差.VMS膜层和VMS 20%TEOS膜层耐盐雾腐蚀的能力最强,总体来说,杂化膜耐长久腐蚀的能力较差.     

Preparation of sol–gel-based nanostructured hybrid coatings; part 1: morphological and mechanical studies

Attempts have been made using sol–gel-based precursors to produce hybrid organic–inorganic clearcoats. To this end, a typical automotive acrylic/melamine clearcoat with tetramethyl ortosilicate (TEOS) and methacryoloxy propyltrimethoxysilane (MEMO) were used to obtain nanostructured silica clusters produced in situ embedded in the polymeric matrix. Microscopic techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were utilized to investigate the morphology of coatings. The effect of each precursor on coating mechanical properties was also studied using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) as well as micro and nanoindentation techniques. It was found that using TEOS and MEMO (in non-hydrolyzed state), the mechanical properties of the resulting films were negatively influenced. The decreased hardness, lower T _g and cross-linking density, and reduced elastic modulus were observed with non-hydrolyzed precursors. In addition, the phase separation of organic and inorganic domains occurred in the presence of pristine sol–gel precursors. However, using hydrolyzed precursors (HTEOS and HMEMO), the mechanical properties were notably improved. While HTEOS resulted in an increase in coating T _g, and cross-linking density as well as improved elastic modulus and hardness, HMEMO caused an increase in coating hardness but lowered coating T _g and cross-linking density.     

纳米Ni-SiC非晶态复合镀层的制备工艺及性能研究

采用超声-电沉积法,在45钢表面制备纳米Ni-SiC非晶态复合镀层.研究镀液中纳米SiC粒子的悬浮量、超声功率和电沉积条件对复合镀层的影响.利用扫描电镜、电子探针、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机等对复合镀层的形貌、组织结构及性能进行分析研究.结果表明,采用适当的超声-电沉积工艺(SiC粒子的悬浮量4 g/L,超声功率200 W),可以制备性能较好的纳米Ni-SiC复合镀层,其磨损量约为镍镀层的1/5,显微硬度是镍镀层的3倍左右.     

MTES含量对Al2O3/有机硅/SiO2杂化涂层性能的影响

以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）、甲基三乙氧基硅烷（MTES）、二苯基二甲氧基硅烷（DDS）和仲丁醇铝（ASB）为原料,制备Al₂O₃/有机硅/SiO₂杂化涂层,测试了涂层的物理性能、耐热和电化学阻抗,研究了MTES含量对其性能的影响。结果表明:随着MTES含量的增加,硬度和耐冲击性先增大后减小;柔韧性和附着力良好且变化不大;当n（ASB）:n（TEOS）:rn（MTES）:n（DDS）=1:3:9:1时,Al₂O₃/有机硅/SiO₂杂化涂层的耐热和耐蚀性能最佳。     

Al2O3对氩弧熔覆Fe-Si金属间化合物涂层组织及性能的影响

目前Fe-Si涂层的相关研究较少。为制备Fe-Si金属间化合物复合涂层并改善其力学性能,采用氮弧.熔覆原位合成的方法在Q235钢表面制备Fe-Si涂层和Fe-Si/Al2O3金属间化合物复合涂层,利用金相电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、冲蚀磨损试验机、高温氧化炉等设备对涂层的显微组织、耐冲蚀磨损性能和抗高温氧化性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:Fe-Si熔覆层由Fe3Si和FeSi相构成,添加A12O3后熔覆层除存在Fe3Si,FeSi外还有AI2O3相产生;Fe-Si/Al2O3熔覆层耐冲蚀磨损性优于Fe-Si熔覆层,最高为基体的4.65倍;熔覆层的耐高温氧化性能相对基体明显提高,在800℃下Fe-Si熔覆层和Fe-Si/Al2O3熔覆层相比于基体分别提高了5.50和5.83倍。     

Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid sols with nano silica particles and organoalkoxysilanes for transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating films using sol-gel reaction

Organic-inorganic hybrid sols were synthesized from nano silica particles dispersed in water and from organoalkoxysilanes, using the sol-gel reaction. This work focuses on the effects of the three multifunctional organoalkoxysilanes dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) to form a transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating film. The stability of the hybrid sol was evaluated as a function of the reaction time for 10 d through the variation of the viscosity. The viscosity of the silica/DMDMS and silica/MTMS sol was slightly increased for 10 d. The multifunctional organoalkoxysilanes formed dense silica networks through hydrolysis and condensation reaction, which enhanced the thermal resistance of the coating films. No thermal degradation of the silica/DMDMS sample occurred up to 600 degrees C, and none of the silica/MTMS and silica/TMOS samples occurred either up to 700 degrees C. The organic-inorganic hybrid sols were coated on the glass substrate using a spin-coating procedure. The organic-inorganic hybrid sols formed flat coating films without cracks. The transmittance of the hybrid sol coating films using MTMS and DMDMS was shown to be over 90%. The transmittance of the silica/TMOS sol coating film reacted for 10 d abruptly decreased due to faster gelation. The silica/DMDMS and silica/MTMS hybrid sols formed smooth coating films while the surface roughness of the silica/TMOS coating film markedly increased when the hybrid sol reacted for 10 d. The increase of the surface roughness of the silica/TMOS coating film can be attributed to the degradation of the stability of the hybrid sol and to the loss of transmittance of the coating film. It was confirmed in this study that the use of organic-inorganic hybrid sol can yield transparent and high-thermal-resistance coating films.     

耐摩擦和高透过SiO2/TiO2/SiO2-TiO2增透膜的设计和制备

通过膜层设计理论设计出以K9玻璃为基底的兼具高透过率和高耐摩擦性的三层宽带增透膜,并通过溶胶凝胶技术成功制备了所设计的增透膜.以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸丁酯(TTIP)为前驱体、以盐酸为催化剂制得SiO2和TiO2溶胶.将两种溶胶按一定比例混合得到SiO2-TiO2复合溶胶.实验结果表明:三层增透膜在可见光区的平均透过率达到98.7%,与未镀膜的K9玻璃基片相比提高了7.1%.增透膜经较强机械摩擦后透过率基本保持不变,表明该增透膜具有优良的耐摩擦性.采用六甲基二硅氮烷(HMDS)对增透膜表面进行进一步的修饰,修饰后增透膜与水的接触角提高至94.3°,增透膜的疏水性及环境稳定性得到较大的提高.     

氮离子注入浓度对弹条钢基体Cr/CrSiN复合涂层的摩擦学性能影响研究

在轨道用扣件弹条钢(60Si2Cr)上注入不同浓度的氮离子,用电弧离子镀技术沉积了Cr过渡层,并在其上制备了CrSiN/Cr复合涂层。在UMT-3多功能摩擦磨损机上对复合层进行了法向载荷为20N的摩擦磨损实验,探讨了经不同氮离子注入浓度后Cr/CrSiN复合涂层摩擦磨损行为和损伤机理,研究发现,经氮离子注入后,复合涂层表面硬度明显的增加,随着离子注入浓度的升高涂层的耐磨性逐渐提高,其磨损机制主要为剥落和磨粒磨损。