颜氏燃烧器和高压油嘴的混合供热在铜精炼反射炉的应用

本文针对铜精炼反射炉的生产工艺要求和炉体结构,详细阐述了颜氏燃烧器和高压油嘴的结构特点,从理论和实际两方面比较了两种油嘴的三种组合供热方式的优劣。生产实践表明:颜氏燃烧器和高压油嘴的混合供热具有节约重油、延长炉寿命、保护环境和提高经济效益的效果,对颜氏燃烧器在大、中型冶金炉窑的应用有一定的指导意义。     

ZHC300燃烧器试验研究

历尽人间沦桑的“颜氏燃烧器”在冶炼、化工等行业已普遍推广使用,均不同程度地收到了较好的经济效益,然而在电力部门的大型燃煤锅炉上,能否移植应用这项节能新技术,尚属空白。为了探讨该种新型燃烧器对大型燃煤锅炉的适应性和经济效益,我厂于1990年2月,移植颜氏ZHC300型燃烧器,在130T/H锅炉上进行现场工业性试验研究,通过多次点火试烧,取得了冷炉状态下,用小火把直接点燃重油燃烧器,达到节油率高的可喜成绩,为大     

颜氏燃烧器、颜氏节能快速熔铝炉概介

一、荣获颜氏燃烧器、颜氏节能快速熔铝炉曾荣获国家首批及87年、88年多项发明专利权,86年全国发明金牌奖;88年国家星火金牌奖,国家星火科技奖。88年国际发明金牌奖;国际专利金牌奖;88年全国科技实业银杯奖;88年全国经济改革银杯奖;省乡镇企     

颜氏油膜汽化燃烧器

85年以来,颜氏工业炉用油料、煤气、天然气燃烧器及快速熔铝炉等节能专利产品,在全国得到普遍推广与大量使用。由于用户与我们密切配合,精心安装使用,使这些节能产品为用户的增产节支、提高产品质量,减少环境污染,增添企业效益,节约资源消耗等方面作出了一定贡献。承各地的计经委、科委、环保部门、专利部门、燃料公司、石油公司、节能     

关于迁入长沙高新技术开发区 致用户的函

颜氏节能新技术自问世以来,特别是在贵单位采用颜氏节能设备以来,得到了贵单位从领导、工程技术人员、各职能科室到现场操作师傅等各方面同志的热情扶植,精心安装调试,细心操作,从而使我们的产品能为贵单位的节能、环保与提高经济效益作出了一定贡献。对此,我们颇感安慰。当然也     

等离子点火系统在电厂锅炉上的应用

对国电康平发电有限公司2×600 MW锅炉进行改造,将前墙下层和后墙下层的10只煤粉燃烧器更改为等离子点火煤粉燃烧器,彻底取消燃烧器原设计的中心风筒及油枪结构,用等离子点火器代替原来的油枪。采用等离子燃烧器后能保证点燃锅炉的设计煤种,其作为主燃烧器使用时的综合性能与原煤粉燃烧器基本相同,NOx排放等性能优于原燃烧器。     

火电厂锅炉燃烧器烧损的试验研究

徐州发电厂2 号锅炉存在着锅炉燃烧器严重烧损问题。在进行了燃烧热态试验后,找出了燃烧器的烧损原因是炉膛温度偏高、炉膛火焰中心偏斜、煤粉着火距离太近、煤粉细度太细、上层一次风喷口冷却不够、燃烧器的材质与结构设计不当等。为解决燃烧器烧损问题,应改进燃烧器设计,改善燃烧器结构和防磨性能,对于上层一次风喷口,要增加周界风,调整燃烧器的几何参数,加强燃烧器运行的控制和调整。     

1000MW超超临界机组锅炉燃烧器烧损原因分析及防治

介绍了北疆电厂1 000MW超超临界机组锅炉燃烧器烧损情况,从燃烧器配风、煤着火距离、入炉煤质变化、燃烧器结构及材质等方面分析了燃烧器烧损的原因,结合实际提出了防治燃烧器烧损的办法,并提供了各层燃烧器周界风门的开度优化值,供同类型锅炉的燃烧调整及运行优化借鉴。     

低热值煤层气旋流燃烧器冷态流场试验研究

采用热线风速仪对旋流燃烧器出口流场进行了测量,得到了燃烧器流场的分布状况,研究了喷口角度变化对燃烧器出口速度场的影响.试验结果表明,燃烧器搭配不同喷口时,在燃烧器根部均能形成稳定的中心回流区;渐扩喷口燃烧器的射流扩展角大,而渐缩喷口燃烧器的射流穿透能力较强.在较宽的热负荷范围内,该旋流燃烧器均具有良好的空气动力场,有利于低热值煤层气的着火与燃烧.     

WR燃烧器和AerotipTM燃烧器对比研究

介绍锅炉WR燃烧器和AerotipTM燃烧器的结构,对比研究这两种燃烧器的稳燃性能和结渣性能,指出WR和AerotipTM燃烧器性能的优缺点及应用前景。     

IGCC燃用低热值燃料的燃气轮机运行性能优化

天津IGCC是中国第一座整体煤气化联合循环电站。系统中燃气轮机的燃料为气化炉产生的热值较低的合成气,作为国内第一台应用于IGCC技术的燃气轮机,在运行过程中存在着合成气热值与设计值偏差大、烧嘴过热、燃烧室偏烧等问题。针对存在的问题,首先介绍了IGCC电站燃用低热值燃料的燃气轮机与普通燃气轮机在燃料、燃烧方式、燃烧器结构等方面的区别;然后结合实际运行参数分析,重点对存在的问题提出性能优化方案及措施。对燃用低热值燃料的燃气轮机后续发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Influence of the technique for injection of flue gas and the configuration of the swirl burner throat on combustion of gaseous fuel and formation of nitrogen oxides in the flame

How the points at which the flue gas was injected into the swirl burner and the design of the burner outlet influence the formation and development of the flame in the submerged space, as well as the formation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products, have been studied. The object under numerical investigation is the flame of the GMVI combined (oil/gas) burner swirl burner fitted with a convergent, biconical, cylindrical, or divergent throat at the burner outlet with individual supply of the air and injection of the gaseous fuel through tubing. The burners of two designs were investigated; they differ by the absence or presence of an inlet for individual injection of the flue gas. A technique for numerical simulation of the flame based on the CFD methods widely used in research of this kind underlies the study. Based on the summarized results of the numerical simulation of the processes that occur in jet flows, the specific features of the aerodynamic pattern of the flame have been established. It is shown that the flame can be conventionally divided into several sections over its length in all investigations. The lengths of each of the sections, as well as the form of the fields of axial velocity, temperatures, concentrations of the fuel, oxygen, and carbon and nitrogen oxides, are different and determined by the design features of the burner, the flow rates of the agent, and the compositions of the latter in the burner ducts as well as the configuration of the burner throat and the temperature of the environment. To what degree the burner throat configuration and the techniques for injection of the flue gas at different ambient temperatures influence the formation of nitrogen oxides has been established. It is shown that the supply of the recirculation of flue gas into the fuel injection zone enables a considerable reduction in the formation of nitrogen oxides in the flame combustion products. It has been established that the locations of the zones of intensive fuel burnout and generation of nitrogen oxides do not coincide over the flame length, and the ambient temperature has a significant impact on the combustion stability at low values and on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products at high values.     

中心给粉燃烧器在燃用烟煤1 025 t/h锅炉上的应用

针对某厂燃用烟煤的1 025 t/h锅炉低负荷稳燃能力差,相邻燃烧器之间流场容易干扰的问题,进行了实验室冷态试验及工业试验研究,并将下层8只燃烧器改造为中心给粉燃烧器。结果表明：在外二次风叶片角度为35o时,中心给粉燃烧器有合适的中心回流区,既能防止相邻燃烧器的相互干扰,还能保证煤粉的及时着火和稳定燃烧,而双调风燃烧器在正常运行条件下没有回流区。与双调风燃烧器相比,沿射流方向的燃烧器中心区域,中心给粉燃烧器的烟气温度和升温速率较高,O2和NOx浓度较低;靠近侧墙水冷壁区域,中心给粉燃烧器的O2浓度较高,烟气温度较低。下层8只燃烧器改造后,锅炉热效率提高了1.03%,NOx排放量降低了13.74%,锅炉可以在110 MW电额定负荷下不投油稳定运行。     

Study of Sequential Two-Stage Combustion in a Low-Emission Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber

In this paper, we analyzed advanced ground-based power gas turbine units with low-emission combustion chambers used for consecutive two-stage fuel combustion. Such low-emission combustion chambers have a wide range of stable performance modes with reduced emission of harmful substances. The two-stage combustion chambers used in gas turbine units of various capacities—small (for example, M7A-03 with a capacity of approximately 8–10 MW), medium (L20A and L30A with a capacity of 18–30 MW) and large (9HA and GT36 with a capacity of over 300 MW)—showed their universality, efficiency, and good possibilities for scaling. The designs of low-emission combustion chambers for gas turbine units of different capacities are fundamentally similar. They consist of two sequentially located combustion volumes (stages), and each of them has its own burner unit. The first burner unit is typical for low-emission combustion chambers with the combustion of the premixed air-fuel mixture and consists of swirlers, mixing zone, fuel injectors, and igniters. The second burner unit is located downstream, and air-fuel mixtures of a different composition are supplied into it through special holes. The combustion of the mixtures occurs at a lower oxygen content and higher temperature. The ignition, work until idling, and loading before switching to the low-emission mode and switching to it are performed by the operation regulation of the first burner unit. Fuel in the second burner unit is supplied when a certain temperature of the gases arriving from the first combustion stage is achieved, which ensures its self-ignition. The further load is regulated by the fuel supply to the second burner unit. The design implementation of the sequential two-stage combustion scheme and approaches to regulating fuel and air distribution over the stages that ensures stable nonpulsating combustion are different and so they are of great scientific and practical interest.     

Molten carbonate fuel cell stack performance with gas recycling

The molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plant is expected to be one of the most promising future power generation systems for the electric utilities because of its high efficiency, environmental suitability and capability of using coal as fuel. To obtain such attractive performance, it is necessary for the plant to adopt the gas-recycling operation system. The authors tested a 6-kW class MCFC stack with three types of gas recyclings, i.e., cathode, anode and carbon dioxide ones, including pressurized conditions. This paper describes the test results and the effects of the gas-recycling operations. Cathode gas recycling is proved to be able to control the stack temperature and give the flexibility for setting oxygen utilization. Anode gas recycling is proved to be able to suppress the methane formation and decrease the deviation of the stacked cell voltages. Including the starting-up process, it is proved that the electricity can be generated from the stack without supplying carbon dioxide from outside the system by carbon dioxide gas recycling. In such a process using a burner for carbon dioxide gas recycling, burner temperature must be controlled to a certain value. It is important to adjust the fuel supplying rate, load current and cathode gas-recycling ratio to each other. At the load change process, constant gas utilization operation is not effective in changing the burner temperature.     

Computational investigations of low-emission burner facilities for char gas burning in a power boiler

Various variants for the structure of low-emission burner facilities, which are meant for char gas burning in an operating TP-101 boiler of the Estonia power plant, are considered. The planned increase in volumes of shale reprocessing and, correspondingly, a rise in char gas volumes cause the necessity in their cocombustion. In this connection, there was a need to develop a burner facility with a given capacity, which yields effective char gas burning with the fulfillment of reliability and environmental requirements. For this purpose, the burner structure base was based on the staging burning of fuel with the gas recirculation. As a result of the preliminary analysis of possible structure variants, three types of early well-operated burner facilities were chosen: vortex burner with the supply of recirculation gases into the secondary air, vortex burner with the baffle supply of recirculation gases between flows of the primary and secondary air, and burner facility with the vortex pilot burner. Optimum structural characteristics and operation parameters were determined using numerical experiments. These experiments using ANSYS CFX bundled software of computational hydrodynamics were carried out with simulation of mixing, ignition, and burning of char gas. Numerical experiments determined the structural and operation parameters, which gave effective char gas burning and corresponded to required environmental standard on nitrogen oxide emission, for every type of the burner facility. The burner facility for char gas burning with the pilot diffusion burner in the central part was developed and made subject to computation results. Preliminary verification nature tests on the ТP-101 boiler showed that the actual content of nitrogen oxides in burner flames of char gas did not exceed a claimed concentration of 150 ppm (200 mg/m³).     

生物质混燃的旋流燃烧器优化研究

生物质能源已发展成为当今社会发展所需的第一主导可再生能源.生物质和煤粉混燃发电是利用生物质能最有效的方式之一.就生物质和煤粉特性分析,研究设计适合混燃的旋流燃烧器.并与模拟示范电厂的燃烧器同时分别燃烧不同掺混比的燃料,从炉膛最高温度、NOx排放量和燃烧效率等多方面作比较,得出结论本文设计研究的旋流燃烧器更适合生物质和煤粉的混燃,可大力促进生物质能源的广泛应用.     

机械雾化微油点火小油枪在300 MW亚临界控制循环锅炉中的应用

针对传统电站锅炉点火油枪耗油量大、燃尽率低、污染大等问题,阐述了微油点火燃烧器的工作原理、结构和辅助系统,介绍了微油点火在莱城电厂的实际应用情况。并针对运行中存在的问题,提出了相应的改进措施。实践证明,微油点火改造后,节油率达到了86%,为电站锅炉节油降耗提供了技术支持。     

IGCC电站燃气轮机启动燃料的替换研究

当整体煤气化联合循环(integratedgasification combined cycle,IGCC)电站低热值合成气燃气轮机的启动燃料为柴油时,启动成本高,污染物难以控制。为了解决该问题,一个较适用的方法是将燃气轮机的启动燃料由柴油替换为天然气。但由于2种燃料的燃烧特性的不同,需要对燃机在两种不同燃料下的动态特性进行深入的研究,从而提出相应的改造和运行策略。基于天津IGCC低热值燃气轮机的结构及实际运行数据,建立燃气轮机热力学计算模型,对比分析了燃气轮机启动过程中,柴油量、天然气量随燃气轮机负荷的变化情况;其次计算了燃烧器燃烧天然气时的火焰稳定速度范围和优化燃烧器当量直径的范围;并对该燃气轮机燃烧室内的燃烧过程进行了数值模拟研究。最后提出了燃烧器的改造方案和运行策略,在尽量小的范围内进行改造来实现对柴油的替代而且保证燃机的稳定、安全和清洁启动。     

双强煤粉燃烧器在600MW机组的应用

针对山西武乡和信发电有限公司新建2×600 MW机组启停机过程中燃油消耗量较大的问题,应用了双强煤粉燃烧器,对原燃烧器进行了改造。通过机组启、停时对该技术的应用,取得了显著的经济效益,为电厂节能降耗做出了重要贡献。分析了双强煤粉燃烧器的特点,运行效果及运行安全性分析,对于燃用贫煤的锅炉机组有推广参考价值。