锌铝混合粉的析氢行为及抑制剂研究

首先研究了不同比例混合的片状锌粉和铝粉,在pH=7.0的水性环境10 mass%乙二醇单丁醚的水溶液中的析氢行为,进而研究了硼酸和植酸对混合粉析氢的抑制作用.结果表明:1)单一的锌粉和铝粉析氢量较小,而混合后析氢量显著增加,析氢主要来自于铝粉,锌粉贡献很小.随着铝粉比例的增加,混合粉的析氢量、析氢速度和析氢率也逐渐增加.2)针对锌粉:铝粉为8∶2和2∶8的两个比例,硼酸和植酸都能有效抑制混合粉析氢的速度和总量,其中硼酸和植酸的最佳使用浓度分别为20 g/L和1 g/L.     

羟基亚乙基二膦酸对20SiMn钢在含Cl-混凝土模拟孔隙液中的缓蚀行为

采用电化学技术(动电位极化曲线、自腐蚀电位、EIS以及Mott-Schottky曲线)和表面分析方法(SEM、XPS)研究了羟基亚乙基二膦酸(HEDP)对空冷20SiMn低合金钢在含Cl-的高碱性混凝土模拟孔隙液中的缓蚀作用及机理。结果表明,HEDP对20SiMn钢在含1 mol/L NaCl饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中的缓蚀效果随HEDP浓度的升高存在极值,最佳浓度为1.441×10-4mol/L。在此浓度下HEDP将20SiMn钢的钝性保持时间从6 h延长至9 h,缓蚀效率达到46.45%～59.78%。在发生点蚀的情况下,HEDP对点蚀的发展亦有显著的抑制作用,缓蚀效率超过93%。电化学和表面分析结果表明,HEDP优先吸附在钝化膜表面,通过竞争吸附机制屏蔽了侵蚀性Cl-向钝化膜表面的附着,从而对其产生保护作用。     

微量铟对稀土铝黄铜腐蚀性能的影响

采用失重法、X射线衍射法、电化学测试、扫描电镜等手段对比分析研究了铈铝黄铜和添加微量铟的新型铝黄铜的耐蚀性能。结果表明,铈铝黄铜的平均腐蚀速率为7.3×10-3 mm/a,新型铝黄铜的腐蚀速率为6.7×10-3mm/a。添加铟后能大幅度提高极化电阻,从而减小了腐蚀电流密度,耐腐蚀性能进一步得到提高;铟的加入改善了膜的结构,含In铈铝黄铜在NaCl(3.5%)溶液中腐蚀后表面形成了一层致密、完整的腐蚀产物膜,一定程度地抑制了脱锌;铟能减少锌的析氢反应,从而进一步抑制了黄铜的脱锌腐蚀。因此微量铟的加入可以改善稀土铝黄铜的腐蚀性能。     

G105钻具用钢在8%KCl溶液中缓蚀剂的研究

采用旋转挂片法对G105在8%的KCL溶液中的缓蚀剂进行筛选;通过缓蚀剂加入前后极化曲线的变化,分析了缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理;根据滞后环实验,研究了缓蚀剂在8%KCL溶液中对G105的点蚀抑制作用。结果表明:(1)2%含硅复合缓蚀剂(水玻璃)+10mg/L HEDP+15mg/L氯化锌缓蚀效果最好,其缓蚀率高达98.5%;(2)缓蚀剂的加入对腐蚀反应的阴极过程有明显的抑制作用,同时对腐蚀反应的阳极过程也有一定的抑制作用,该缓蚀剂是以抑制阴极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂;(3)对点蚀有很好的抑制效果。     

过氧乙酸中硅酸钠对 Q235 钢的缓蚀影响

目的研究HEDP、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和硅酸钠的复配物在过氧乙酸溶液中对Q235钢缓蚀效率的影响。方法采用静态失重法和动电位极化曲线法,研究常温下在过氧乙酸质量浓度为2000 mg/L的体系中,硅酸钠与HEDP、SDBS复配时对碳钢的缓蚀协同效应,确定最佳配比,分析缓蚀机理。结果 HEDP、SDBS和硅酸钠的复配物,在过氧乙酸溶液中对Q235钢均有一定的缓蚀效果,缓蚀效率依次为:硅酸钠与HEDP硅酸钠与SDBS硅酸钠。当硅酸钠质量浓度为200 mg/L,HEDP质量浓度为100 mg/L复配时,缓蚀效率最高达到90.42%。当硅酸钠质量浓度为200 mg/L,SDBS质量浓度为200mg/L复配时,缓蚀效率最高达到57.76%。单一硅酸钠缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率最高达40.53%。结论硅酸钠能同时抑制阳极和阴极的反应,与HEDP有很好的缓蚀协同效应,硅酸钠与HEDP复配优于与SDBS复配的缓蚀效果。较优复配缓蚀剂为:硅酸钠200 mg/L,HEDP 100 mg/L。     

不同钝化剂对锌铝混合粉的析氢抑制及无铬达克罗性能影响

研究了水杨酸、水杨醛及其复配对锌铝混合粉在pH 8.0的乙二醇丁醚水溶液中析氢的抑制作用,并对以二者为钝化剂的无铬达克罗涂料的稳定性和盐雾性能进行了考察.结果表明:水杨酸、水杨醛对铝粉析氢的抑制作用要好于对锌粉.二者都能较好的抑制混合粉的析氢量,其最佳浓度分别为10 g/L和2 g/L.复合配比的水杨酸和水杨醛对混合粉...     

酒石酸铅对锌在碱液中的缓蚀作用及其与四丁基溴化铵的协同效应

通过电化学方法研究酒石酸铅和四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)对锌在KOH溶液中腐蚀行为的影响,提出Pb~(2+)的缓蚀作用机制,并对Pb~(2+)与TBAB的协同缓蚀作用进行讨论。     

SiO_2包覆铝粉对锌铝混合粉的析氢抑制

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料在片状铝粉表面包覆SiO_2,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对包覆的铝粉进行表征,并研究了包覆铝粉对锌铝混合粉的析氢行为的影响.结果表明:SiO_2包覆铝粉后可以有效地抑制锌铝混合粉的析氢,包覆工艺最佳水硅比为10:1;SiO_2膜与Al粉间存在Si-O-Al的化学键作用.     

NaOH溶液中表面活性剂对工业纯铝的缓蚀作用

采用失重法研究了阴离子表面活性剂油酸钠(SO)和阳离子表面活性剂溴化十四烷基吡啶(TDPB)在0.1mol/LNaOH溶液(20~50℃)中对工业纯铝的缓蚀作用。结果表明:SO在20~50℃时对铝基本无缓蚀作用。TDPB对铝在20℃和30℃时缓蚀效果较差;但在40℃和50℃时TDPB对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,50℃时1.0×10-3mol/LTDPB对铝的最大缓蚀率为81.2%。TDPB在铝表面的吸附符合校正的Langmuir吸附模型,根据热力学公式求出了吸附热力参数(吸附自由能ΔG0,吸附焓ΔH0,吸附熵ΔS0),并用吸附观点讨论了缓蚀作用机理。     

不同植酸盐对Q235钢腐蚀行为的影响

利用硫酸盐和植酸钠反应制备植酸盐,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)对植酸盐进行表征,所制备的植酸盐样品存在明显磷酸基团,为非晶态,表现为球状颗粒,直径在300～400 nm。通过滴定实验分析植酸盐在水溶液中的溶解度,通过Tafel极化法、电化学阻抗法、腐蚀浸泡实验研究Q235钢在植酸盐3.5%NaCl浸出液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,植酸铝浸出液中生成铝酸(Al(OH)₃)导致Q235钢腐蚀速率加快,植酸镁、植酸钙、植酸锰及植酸锌浸出液中Q235钢腐蚀速率减缓。其中,植酸锌的缓蚀效率能达到92.46%,表现出良好的缓蚀性能。     

水性Al-Zn-Si合金涂层微观组织及腐蚀性能研究

用Al-Zn-Si合金粉末制备热烧结铝锌硅合金涂层,通过盐水浸泡实验和电化学测试研究其耐蚀性能,并结合扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析等手段观察Al-Zn-Si合金涂层显微组织及其在盐水中的腐蚀产物形貌,分析涂层的耐蚀机理。结果表明,Al-Zn-Si合金涂层也具有阴极保护作用,且Al-Zn-Si合金延缓涂层金属粉末的消耗,使牺牲阳极的腐蚀速率减慢。     

The synergistic effect of Na3PO4 and benzotriazole on the inhibition of copper corrosion in tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide aerated aqueous solution

The effect of Na₃PO₄ and the mixture of benzotriazole (BTA) and Na₃PO₄ (SP) on the corrosion of copper in 17 wt% (0.534 mol/L) tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide (TBAB) aerated aqueous solution has been investigated by means of weight‐loss test, potentiodynamic polarization test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray techniques. The experimental results showed that a dosage of Na₃PO₄ stimulated the copper corrosion, and the corrosion rate increased with increasing Na₃PO₄ concentration, whereas the mixture of BTA and Na₃PO₄ could protect copper in aqueous TBAB solution. The inhibition action of the mixture of BTA and Na₃PO₄ on the corrosion of copper is mainly due to the inhibition of the anodic process of corrosion. The inhibition efficiency of a mixture consisting of 2 g/L BTA and 1 g/L Na₃PO₄ was about 96%. The mixture of BTA and Na₃PO₄ inhibits the corrosion of copper better than BTA by itself, indicating that Na₃PO₄ has a synergistic role with BTA on the corrosion inhibition of copper in TBAB aqueous solution.     

High temperature corrosion behaviour of a new Ni-30Fe-10Al-Cr-Alloy

The high temperature corrosion behaviour of a new duplex nickel-base alloy containing about 30 mass% iron, 10 miss% aluminium and 8 mass% chromium was determined in both air and hot process gases containing methane/hydrogen, sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, respectively. It was found that the corrosion resistance against carburisation, sulphidation and oxidation was excellent due to the formation of a dense, protective alumina scale. The adherence of the alumina scale was increased by an addition of 0.1 mass% hafnium. The concentration of chromium was found to have a remarkable impact on the oxidation and high temperature corrosion resistance. Alloys without chromium showed increased corrosion rates in both air and sulphur-containing gas atmospheres due to the initial formation of nickel oxides. In sulphidising SO₂- and H₂S- containing gases at least 4 mass% chromium are required to stabilise the formation of alumina and to prevent the formation of nickel/sulphur compounds.     

Corrosion inhibition of copper–phosphorus brazing alloys in tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide aerated aqueous solution by benzotriazole

The corrosion inhibition behavior of benzotriazole (BTA) on a brazing alloy, CuP in the non‐welded and welded conditions in 17 wt% (0.534 mol/L) tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide (TBAB) aerated aqueous solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy techniques. The experimental results showed that BTA could protect effectively copper alloys in aqueous TBAB solution. The inhibition efficiency of BTA increased with increasing inhibitor concentration from 0.1 to 6 g/L, attaining efficiencies of up to 96% calculated according to different methodologies. Corrosion current densities were lower after the melting process. Galvanic studies showed that copper behaved as the anode when coupled to its alloys. The addition of BTA caused an increase in charge transfer resistance and a decrease in the capacitance of the double layer. Adsorption of BTA in 17 wt% TBAB solution on the copper alloys' surface was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.     

Corrosion inhibition of zinc in tetra-n-butylammonium bromide aerated aqueous solution by benzotriazole and Na3PO4

The effect of benzotriazole (BTA), Na₃PO₄ and their mixture on the corrosion of zinc in 17 wt.% (0.534 mol l⁻¹) tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) aerated aqueous solution has been investigated by means of weight-loss test, potentiodynamic polarization test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and SEM/EDX techniques. The experimental results showed that BTA or Na₃PO₄ or inhibitor mixture could protect zinc in aqueous TBAB solution. The inhibitor combinations led to higher efficiencies compared to those obtained when added individually. An inhibition efficiency of an inhibitor mixture consisting of 0.5 g l⁻¹ BTA and 1 g l⁻¹ Na₃PO₄ was more than 97%.     

Synergistic or additive corrosion inhibition of mild steel by a mixture of HEDP and metasilicate at pH 7 and 11

Electrochemical measurements (steady‐state current‐voltage curves and AC impedance) were coupled with mass‐loss measurements, SEM examinations, and EDSX analyses to investigate the inhibition of corrosion of a carbon steel by a mixture of phosphonic acid HEDP (acid 1, hydroxyethylene, 1‐1 diphosphonic) and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate Na₂SiO₃. 5H₂O in an industrial hard water containing 3.10^?3 M Ca²⁺ ions. At pH 7, HEDP and Ca²⁺ act in a synergistic manner, by formation of a HEDP and calcium containing layer. Addition of silicate at this pH value, allows to reach an efficiency of 94% due to an additive inhibition effect. At pH 11, metasilicate, HEDP, and Ca²⁺ ions reinforce the passive layer in a synergistic way. The mixture (1.7 · 10^?5 M HEDP + 2.6 · 10^‐3 M SiO^2?₃) in the Ca²⁺ containing electrolyte is shown to be able to inhibit efficaciously the corrosion of iron at room temperature, considering uniform corrosion at pH 7 or pitting corrosion at pH 11.     

Zum Spannungsrißkorrosionsverhalten rekristallisierter Bleche der AlLi-Legierung 8090-T81

On the stress corrosion cracking behaviour of recrystallized 8090-T81 Sheets The stress corrosion cracking behaviour of a recrystallized sheet of the Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy 8090-T81 was studied performing accelerated tests under constant deformation, constant load, and slow strain rate conditions. The used electrolytes were an aqueous 3.5% NaCl solution, an aqueous solution of 2% NaCl + 0.5% Na₂CrO₄ at pH = 3, and synthetic seawater according to ASTM D1141. Alternately immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution according to ASTM G44 the investigated alloy was found to be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking was not promoted by continuous immersion in aerated 3.5% NaCl solution, 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with carbon dioxide, and in acid chromate inhibited 2% NaCl solution. Using the slow strain rate technique with continuously immersed flat tensile specimens stress corrosion cracking was only observed in synthetic seawater. Under specific environmental conditions hydrogen embrittlement can occur in the investigated material.     

The corrosion kinetics of mild steel in the presence of cyanoguanidine formaldehyde resins

The corrosion inhibition efficiency of resins produced by condensation of cyanoguanidine and formaldehyde has been demonstrated for the acid corrosion of mild steel. The percentage inhibition was found to increase with resin concentration up to a limiting value of ca. 96%. The presence of resin was found to decrease both the rate of hydrogen evolution and the corrosion rate to the same degree. The activation energy of hydrogen evolution and of the overall corrosion reaction were found to be equal and characteristic of diffusion controlled processes. It is suggested that cyanoguanidine formaldehyde resins act as cathodic inhibitors of the acid corrosion of mild steel. It is concluded that the resin forms an insoluble film on the metal surface, diffusion through which is the rate determining step of the corrosion reaction. The degree of coverage of electrode surface was calculated from the shift in the cathodic Tafel lines caused by the presence of resin. The percentage inhibition and the degree of coverage were found to be higher in HCI than in H₂SO₄, for comparable resin concentrations. This is attributed to the adsorption of chloride ions on the metal surface forming oriented dipoles which enhance the adsorption of the resin.     

Corrosion inhibition of copper in tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide aqueous solution by benzotriazole

The corrosion inhibition behavior of benzotriazole (BTA) on copper in 17 wt% tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide (TBAB) aerated aqueous solution was investigated by weight‐loss tests, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. BTA is a good inhibitor in 17 wt% TBAB solution. The inhibition efficiency of BTA increases with increasing inhibitor concentration, attaining efficiencies of up to 90% calculated according to different methodologies. Adsorption of BTA in 17 wt% TBAB solution on the copper surface was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.