Transinove: Conception, information and innovation

Transinove International was established in January 1981 around a specialized technology transfer data base. This article covers the history of the creation of the company and the reasons for company status, the file structure, the various sources of information, the host and its software and the users, and ends with the various related services which are intended to finance operation.     

Supplier credits, limited liquidity, and timely demand information

We consider supplier-credit contracting between a manufacturer and a liquidity-constrained dealer. We show that the timeliness according to which the dealer receives demand information has a significant impact on the optimal contract. If the manufacturer cannot be sure that a dealer without liquidity has demand information when the contract is written, the optimal contract assigns the same quantity to an ignorant dealer and a dealer who knows that there are unfavorable demand conditions. However, dealers with favorable demand information are screened. If the dealer??s liquidity rises, the manufacturer proposes a contract that resembles the solution of a classic adverse selection model in the spirit of Harris et?al. (Manag Sci 28:604?C620, 1982). For high liquidity, the optimal supplier-credit contract assigns the same quantity to an ignorant dealer and dealers who have favorable demand information whereas dealers with unfavorable demand information are screened.     

Receiving information at Korean and Taiwanese universities,industry, and GRIs

This article examines the incentive structure underlying information transfers received by the three key players of the Triple Helix paradigm: universities, industry, and government research institutes (GRIs). For Korea and Taiwan, which are the cases under analysis here, such an empirical examination has not yet been conducted on a quantitative level. Using a unique dataset of survey responses from a maximum of 325 researchers based in Korean and Taiwanese universities, industry, and GRIs, this article shows that there are some significant differences between and within countries. Most importantly, policy interventions to promote university-industry-GRI interactions impact the degree to which specific information transfers are considered useful. In Korea, formal transfers are emphasized, while both formal and, in particular, informal transfers are emphasized in Taiwan.     

Bandpass channels, zero-crossings, and early visual information processing.

Under appropriate conditions zero-crossings of a bandpass signal are very rich in information. The authors examine here the relevance of this result to the early stages of visual information processing, where zero-crossings in the output of independent spatial-frequency-tuned channels may contain sufficient information for much of the subsequent processing.     

Intensity, polarization, and phase information in optical disk systems

Digital information in optical data storage systems can be encoded in the intensity, in the polarization state, or in the phase of a carrier laser beam. Intensity modulation is achieved at the surface of the storage medium either through destructive interference from surface-relief features (e.g., CD or DVD pits) or through reflectivity variations (e.g., alteration of optical constants of phase-change media). Magneto-optical materials make use of the polar magneto-optical Kerr effect to produce polarization modulations of the focused beam reflected from the storage medium. Both surface-relief structures and material-property variations can create, at the exit pupil of the objective lens of the optical pickup, a phase modulation (this, in addition to any intensity or polarization modulation or both). Current optical data storage systems do not make use of this phase information, whose recovery could potentially increase the strength of the readout signal. We show how all three mechanisms can be exploited in a scanning optical microscope to reconstruct the recorded (or embedded) data patterns on various types of optical disk.     

Collaboration forms,information and communication technologies,and coordination mechanisms in CPFR

Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) programmes seek to improve the ability to anticipate and satisfy future demand by enhancing collaboration among companies within the supply network. Despite the existence of a detailed and comprehensive process model—published by the Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards Committee—in practice CPFR can take a number of different forms. This paper aims to investigate differences in CPFR implementation as to the type of inter-company collaboration put into practice, and the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and coordination mechanisms adopted to perform CPFR. Moreover, it seeks to analyse the relationships between these dimensions in order to comprehend and explain the rationale behind the managerial choices that lead companies to implement different CPFR configurations. The multiple-case study method is adopted to investigate the research questions. In particular, the implementation of CPFR in seven supply networks is examined. This research identifies six types of collaboration that can be performed to implement CPFR. Then, using this taxonomy as its starting point, it accounts for differences in the adoption of the ICTs and coordination mechanisms necessary to support CPFR. The paper's conclusions summarize the research's main theoretical and managerial contributions.     

Normative,methodical, and information assurance of tests and certification of sensors

The present state of normative and methodical assurance for the testing and certification of sensors is examined together with the requirements imposed on State tests centers and test laboratories together with the procedures for their accreditation and for maintaining a State Register of measuring, instruments, etc. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 12 pp. 19–21, December, 1996.     

Framework based on building information modeling,mixed reality,and a cloud platform to support information flow in facility management

The quality of information flow management has a remarkable effect on the entire life cycle of buildings. Manual retrieval of technical specifications and features of building components and their performance assessment leads to increased cost and time and efficiency reduction, especially during the facility management (FM) stage. The introduction of building information modeling (BIM) in the construction industry can provide a valuable means of improving the organization and exchange of information. BIM tools integrate multiple levels of information within a single digital model of a building. Nevertheless, the support given by BIM to FM is far from being fully effective. Technicians can benefit from real-time communication with the data repository whenever the need for gathering contextual information and/or updating any data in the digital model arises. The framework proposed in this study aims to develop a system that supports on-site operations. Information requirements have been determined from the analyses of procedures that are usually implemented in the building life cycle. These studies set the standard for the development of a digital model of a building, which will be shared among various actors in charge of FM and accessed via a cloud platform. Moreover, mixed reality is proposed to support specific information that is relevant to geometric features and procedures to be followed by operators. This article presents three use-cases supported by the proposed framework. In addition, this research article describes the first proof of concept regarding real-time support for FM.     

Multiattribute utility functions,partial information on coefficients,and efficient choice

Summary The expected utility analysis of decision under risk needs information on the alternatives and on the decision maker's preferences which in many practical situations are difficult to obtain. This paper presents a procedure for choosing between multiattribute risky alternatives when the probabilities of outcomes are known, the utility function is general multilinear (i.e., can be decomposed into sums and products of univariate utility functions), and there is some partial information on univariate utilities (viz. increasingness) and arbitrary partial information on the scaling coefficients. Pairwise comparisons in the set of alternatives yield a subset which is efficient under the given partial information. Additive and multiplicative utility functions are special cases of the multilinear one. The paper gives particular attention to linear partial information (LPI) on coefficients, which is obtained by standard assessment procedures. The approach can be combined with dominance procedures which use other partial information as LPI on probabilities.     

Quantum mechanics as quantum information,mostly

Abstract

In this paper, I try to cause some good-natured trouble. The issue is, when will we ever stop burdening the taxpayer with conferences devoted to the quantum foundations? The suspicion is expressed that no end will be in sight until a means is found to reduce quantum theory to two or three statements of crisp physical (rather than abstract, axiomatic) significance. In this regard, no tool appears better calibrated for a direct assault than quantum information theory. Far from a strained application of the latest fad to a time-honoured problem, this method holds promise precisely because a large part—but not all—of the structure of quantum theory has always concerned information. It is just that the physics community needs reminding.     

农业信息工程的理论、方法和应用

21世纪人类将跨入信息农业的时代。信息农业将成为合理开发利用农业资源、提高农作物产量、降低成本、减少环境污染、提高农产品国际市场竞争力的前沿研究领域,并获得实施。专家预见,生物技术和信息技术,将是我国21世纪农业技术革命的两大技术支柱,是实现农业现代化的保证。章对农业信息科学的产生、理论基础、主要研究内容,农业信息的主要技术内容,农业信息工程的理论、技术体系,现阶段农业信息工程主要实施的领域等做了阐述;指出面向21世纪的中国农业信息科学、技术和工程应该瞄准国际前沿,实现跨越式的发展,通过对农业信息工程的开发,加快我国农业现代化的进程。     

Mechanical fragmentation,Voronoi polyhedra and the theory of information

Objects which can undergo mechanical fragmentation are composed of all kinds of materials and comprise the entire span of sizes from celestial bodies to particles with initial sizes of a few mm. The problem has been treated theoretically by Mott, by a Monte Carlo simulation of the Voronoi diagram by Kiang, and also experimentally. Taking an essential element from the Mott formalism, we use the theory of information to derive an equation for the distribution of fragment masses. The result is equivalent to a distribution which follows from Mott's work. In contrast to earlier work, the relation is general since no specific assumptions have been made as to the nature of the fragmented material or with respect to its ductility (or lack of it). Reasons why the Monte Carlo results differ from the present ones are explained.     

Selective diary of IP information related conferences,meetings, exhibitions and courses

Selective diary of IP information related conferences, meetings, exhibitions and courses.     

Simultaneous acquisition of elemental, fragmental, and molecular information on organometallic compounds

A novel method for obtaining elemental, fragmental, and molecular information of organometallic compounds has been developed using high irradiance laser induced time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LI-TOFMS) with a buffer-gas-assisted ion source. This technique permits direct and matrix-free analysis of solid analyte with minimal sample preparation. In addition, it shows special advantages in integrated acquisition of elemental, fragmental, and molecular information from a single target, on the basis of which identification of organometallic complexes is simplified and expedited.