共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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剧塑性变形制备超细晶/纳米晶结构金属材料的研究现状和应用展望 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
综合目前剧塑性变形方法制备超细晶及纳米晶结构金属材料的研究现状,介绍等通道转角挤压、高压扭转、累积叠轧焊、多向锻造等剧塑性变形方法及其特点与原理;探讨剧塑性变形金属材料的组织演变和晶粒细化机制;分析金属材料经剧塑性变形后强度与延展性的变化趋势,及其对超塑性变形的影响规律;展望剧塑性变形方法对金属材料应用的前景。 相似文献
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《特种铸造及有色合金》2017,(8)
综述了大塑性变形法制备超细晶材料的研究进展,主要介绍了等通道角挤压和高压扭转法两种主要的变形工艺,探讨了超细晶的晶粒细化原理,分析了大塑性变形加工对材料力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响,展望了利用大塑性变形技术制备超细晶结构金属材料的应用前景。 相似文献
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《稀有金属材料与工程》2018,35(4):1-5
通过剧烈塑性变形(SPD)技术制备的超细晶钛及钛合金,不仅具有优异的力学性能,其腐蚀性能也与普通粗晶材料明显不同。概述了通过SPD制备的超细晶钛及钛合金的组织特点,从实现超细化前后耐蚀性能的变化方面,介绍了国内外关于超细晶钛及钛合金腐蚀性能的最新研究进展。从位错密度、织构及晶粒尺寸分布等方面,归纳总结了不同因素对超细晶钛及钛合金腐蚀性能的影响。此外,还探讨了未来超细晶钛及钛合金腐蚀行为的研究方向,以期为研制兼具高强度和优良耐蚀性的新型材料提供借鉴。 相似文献
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钛及钛合金由于质轻、弹性模量低、生物相容性佳和骨整合性优异,已成为应用最广泛的生物医学金属材料之一。然而,较低的塑性、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能限制了其发展和应用。剧烈塑性变形被认为是对金属材料最有效的晶粒细化方法之一,其中,等通道转角挤压(ECAP)是制备块状超细晶(UFG)/纳米晶金属材料的常用技术。通过ECAP变形,可以制备具有优异综合性能的UFG钛及钛合金。本文综述了生物医用UFG钛及钛合金的ECAP制备方式,着重讨论了ECAP变形对钛及钛合金的组织、力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能的影响,分析了钛及钛合金的ECAP变形机制和晶粒细化机制,提出了通过ECAP变形结合传统塑性加工和变形后热处理来进一步优化钛及钛合金综合性能的想法。 相似文献
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超细晶金属材料具有优异的综合性能,剧烈塑性变形(Severe plastic deformation, SPD)是制备块体金属超细晶材料的一种重要方法。目前国内外已经提出了多种SPD超细晶制备工艺,但要实现其工业化生产还有许多问题,这突出体现在材料损伤严重、变形均匀性差和模具结构复杂等多个方面。基于金属在挤压通道内的塑性变形特征,本文提出了一种新的块体金属超细晶制备方法-非对称梯度挤压(Asymmetric gradient extrusion, AGE)工艺。采用有限元方法结合挤压试验,探究了纯铜在AGE条件下的塑性变形特征。为了验证AGE方法在制备超细晶方法中的优势,对比分析了纯铜在等弯通道挤压(Equal-channel angular pressing, ECAP)和AGE多道次循环挤压条件下的等效应变累积特征和损伤演化规律。结果表明:AGE与ECAP的单道次应变均值基本相同,但AGE在变形均匀性和损伤累积方面均优于ECAP。AGE在制备金属超细晶材料方面表现出了明显的优势。 相似文献
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综述了切削法制备超细晶材料时加工参数和工艺条件对晶粒细化的影响,分析了切削法制备超细晶材料的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和热稳定性等,探讨了超声振动复合切削法制备超细晶材料的可能性。在超声振动加工中,材料受低应力高速、高频撞击的影响,会发生严重的塑性变形,表面大尺寸的晶粒得到细化,同时超声振动还可以在材料表面形成表面微结构,进一步改善材料性能。因而提出将切削法和超声振动相复合,高效制备具有功能微结构的超细晶材料,为微型零件超细晶材料制备提供新的工艺选择以及理论和技术支撑。 相似文献
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The microstructure development during plastic deformation was reviewed for iron and steel which were subjected to cold rolling
or mechanical milling (MM) treatment, and the change in strengthening mechanism caused by the severe plastic deformation (SPD)
was also discussed in terms of ultra grain refinement behavior. The microstructure of cold-rolled iron is characterized by
a typical dislocation cell structure, where the strength can be explained by dislocation strengthening. It was confirmed that
the increase in dislocation density by cold working is limited at 1016m−2, which means the maximum hardness obtained by dislocation strengthening is HV3.7 GPa. However, the iron is abnormally work-hardened
over the maximum dislocation strengthening by SPD of MM because of the ultra grain refinement caused by the SPD. In addition,
impurity of carbon plays an important role in such grain refinement: the carbon addition leads to the formation of nano-crystallized
structure in iron. 相似文献
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综述了大塑性变形工艺制备超细晶铝锂合金的显微组织及其力学性能,分析了大塑性变形过程中铝锂合金的组织演变及其影响因素。铝锂合金的强化机制主要是基于析出强化,结合大塑性变形得到的超细晶粒组织可以显著提高强度和塑性,并得到优异的超塑性。表明大塑性变形加工铝锂合金,尤其是等通道挤压制备的超细晶铝镁锂合金在超塑性工业具有广阔的发展前景。 相似文献
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A new serve plastic deformation(SPD) including initial forward extrusion and subsequent shearing process(ES) was proposed.The influence of the ES forming on the grain refinement of the microstructure was researched.The components of ES forming die were manufactured and installed to Gleeble1500D thermo-mechanical simulator.The microstructure observations were carried out on the as-extruded rods(as-received) and ES formed rods.From the simulation results,ES forming can increase the cumulative strain enormousl... 相似文献
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In order to simulate the microstructure evolution during hot compressive deformation, models of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) by cellular automaton (CA) method for 7055 aluminum alloy were established. The hot compression tests were conducted to obtain material constants, and models of dislocation density, nucleation rate and recrystallized grain growth were fitted by least square method. The effects of strain, strain rate, deformation temperature and initial grain size on microstructure variation were studied. The results show that the DRX plays a vital role in grain refinement in hot deformation. Large strain, high temperature and small strain rate are beneficial to grain refinement. The stable size of recrystallized grain is not concerned with initial grain size, but depends on strain rate and temperature. Kinetic characteristic of DRX process was analyzed. By comparison of simulated and experimental flow stress–strain curves and metallographs, it is found that the established CA models can accurately predict the microstructure evolution of 7055 aluminum alloy during hot compressive deformation. 相似文献
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对近年来电缆屏蔽用5154A铝镁合金线的熔铸加工技术进行了系统阐述,分析了材料的研究、应用现状及发展前景,探讨了影响材料组织与性能的各种因素,着重研究了5154A铝镁合金线材料的晶粒细化方法,提出开发新型多元中间合金细化剂、混合添加细化效果良好的合金元素等方法,以达到细化晶粒、提高合金强度的目的. 相似文献