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1.
OBS网络中一种基于突发包优先级分割的可控重传方案 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
在光突发交换(OBS)网络中,突发包会由于竞争OBS核心节点输出端口的有限波长资源而发生冲突。突发包重传能够在一定程度上减少由于突发包在核心节点冲突而导致的数据损失,但重传次数的增加可能会加重网络负荷,反而增加数据丢失率。并且,在多业务存在的OBS网络中,重传方案需要能够实现区分服务以保证网络的服务质量(QoS)。据此,本文提出一种基于突发包优先级分割的可控重传方案,在实施优先级分割的同时,根据网络负荷赋予每次重传不同的概率,并对重传次数加以控制。最后,仿真分析了路径阻塞率和不同优先级业务的字节丢失率(ByLP,byte loss probability)性能。 相似文献
2.
提出一种解决光突发交换(OBS)网络节点中突发数据包冲突的方案.发生冲突时,在OBS层重传被丢弃突发数据包,然后给出评估这种重传机制丢包率的方法,并与偏射路由策略的性能进行比较,结果表明突发重传机制显著改善了丢包率.可以很好地实现服务质量(QoS)机制. 相似文献
3.
Qiong Zhang Neal Charbonneau Vinod M. Vokkarane Jason P. Jue 《Photonic Network Communications》2011,22(3):299-312
For optical burst-switched (OBS) networks in which TCP is implemented at a higher layer, the loss of bursts can lead to serious
degradation of TCP performance. Due to the bufferless nature of OBS, random burst losses may occur, even at low traffic loads.
Consequently, these random burst losses may be mistakenly interpreted by the TCP layer as congestion in the network. The TCP
sender will then trigger congestion control mechanisms, thereby reducing TCP throughput unnecessarily. In this paper, we introduce
a controlled retransmission scheme in which the bursts lost due to contention in the OBS network are retransmitted at the
OBS layer. The OBS retransmission scheme can reduce the burst loss probability in the OBS core network. Also, the OBS retransmission
scheme can reduce the probability that the TCP layer falsely detects congestion, thereby improving the TCP throughput. We
develop an analytical model for evaluating the burst loss probability in an OBS network that uses a retransmission scheme,
and we also analyze TCP throughput when the OBS layer implements burst retransmission. We develop a simulation model to validate
the analytical results. Simulation and analytical results show that an OBS layer with controlled burst retransmission provides
up to two to three orders of magnitude improvement in TCP throughput over an OBS layer without burst retransmission. This
significant improvement is primarily because the TCP layer triggers fewer time-outs when the OBS retransmission scheme is
used. 相似文献
4.
为了降低光突发交换网络中突发包的丢失率、降低网络路径的阻塞率、减小突发包冲突的概率,提出了考虑优先级的突发包碎片可控合并重传算法。当网络中数据通信发生冲突时,该算法能根据优先级进行突发包的分片,核心节点将这一信息反馈给边缘节点,边缘节点根据突发碎片的优先级以一定的概率重传被丢弃的突发包分片;同时,针对由于多次重传导致的突发包碎片过多的问题,该算法还按照突发包碎片的优先级顺序进行碎片重组,大大降低了网络的阻塞率。结果表明,相比以往的冲突解决算法,此算法在网络业务繁忙时的数据丢比特率和网络阻塞率方面的改善作用有比较明显的优势。这一结果对光突发交换网络的网络的性能改善方面是有帮助的。 相似文献
5.
6.
The most important design goal in Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks is to reduce burst loss resulting from resource contention.
Especially, the higher the congestion degree in the network is, the higher the burst loss rate becomes. The burst loss performance
can be improved by employing an appropriate congestion control. In this paper, to actively avoid contentions, we propose a
dynamic load-aware congestion control scheme that operates based on the highest (called ‘peak load’) of the loads of all links
over the path between each pair of ingress and egress nodes in an OBS network. We also propose an algorithm that dynamically
determines a load threshold for adjusting burst sending rate, according to the traffic load in a network. Further, a simple
signalling method is developed for our proposed congestion control scheme. The proposed scheme aims to (1) reduce the burst
loss rate in OBS networks and (2) maintain reasonable throughput and fairness. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme
reduces the burst loss rate significantly, compared to existing OBS protocols (with and without congestion control), while
maintaining reasonable throughput and fairness. Simulation results also show that our scheme keeps signalling overhead due
to congestion control at a low level. 相似文献
7.
8.
Optical burst switching (OBS) is a proposed new communications technology that seeks to expand the use of optical technology in switching systems. However, many challenging issues have to be solved in order to pave the way for an effective implementation of OBS. Contention, which may occur when two or more bursts compete for the same wavelength on the same link, is a critical issue. Many contention resolution methods have been proposed in the literature but many of them are very vulnerable to network load and may suffer severe loss in case of heavy traffic. Basically, this problem is due to the lack of information at the nodes and the absence of global coordination between the edge routers. In this work, we propose another approach to avoid contention and decrease the loss. In this scheme, the intermediate nodes report the loss observed to the edge nodes so that they can adjust the traffic at the sources to meet an optimal network load. Furthermore, we propose a combination of contention reduction through congestion control and bursts retransmission to eliminate completely bursts loss. This new approach achieves fairness among all the edge nodes and enhances the robustness of the network. We also show through simulation that the proposed protocol is a viable solution for effectively reducing the conflict and increasing the bandwidth utilization for optical burst switching. 相似文献
9.
Delay-on-Demand: A Signaling Protocol to Reduce Blocking Probability in Optical Burst-Switching Networks 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Optical burst switching (OBS) is emerging as one promising switching paradigm for the next generation optical networks. To support multiple services in burst-switching networks, the OBS paradigm should support some quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning. A major design issue in such networks is to reduce the blocking probability of the bursts arising due to resource contention at the intermediate core router. In this paper, we propose a signaling protocol which we call ‘Delay-on-Demand’ (OBS-DoD), to reduce blocking probability and support QoS in optical burst-switching networks. The proposed scheme guarantees that at least one of the bursts succeeds depending on its priority, propagation delay from the ingress router, and the burst-size when contention occurs at the core router. For this, we use a control packet to delay, in case of a contention, the transmission of bursts at the ingress router. We compare the performance of our proposal, by simulation, with an earlier proposed scheme, and show that the proposed OBS-DoD outperforms the earlier scheme in reducing the blocking probability. For simulation, we generated bursty traffic using an M/Pareto distribution. 相似文献
10.
Optical burst switching (OBS) is a promising technology which is able to well support bursty traffic and is also technically
mature. One critical issue in OBS networks is burst contention. Several methods have been proposed to solve contention such
as wavelength converters and fiber delay lines. Among those methods, routing is relatively cost-effective and technically
tractable and has been extensively researched. A framework for evaluation the strength of this method is presented in this
paper. As routing is a fundamental issue in optical networks and not only confined to OBS, the framework is applicable to
a class of connectionless and non-buffer all-optical networks. Through comprehensive analysis of the relation between the
total traffic load offered to the network and the traffic load on each link together with some mathematical skills, a lower
bound on the burst loss probability is figured out. Extending it by minimizing the lower bound over all reasonable topologies,
another lower bound is worked out. With the help of the two lower bounds, comprehensive prospect on the effectiveness of routing
and network topologies in reducing the burst loss probability is shown for the first time to the best of our knowledge. 相似文献
11.
《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2009,27(24):5563-5570
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13.
A fundamental issue in optical burst switching (OBS) networks is to solve the burst contention for the core node. In this
paper, a novel priority-based contention solution strategy for OBS networks is proposed. When the contention occurs, the burst
priority is considered firstly, and then the burst segmentation method is used for the low priority bursts in this strategy.
Ensuring the integrity of high priority bursts, part of the segmented bursts can be transmitted to the destination node via
combining wavelength conversion and optical buffer method. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only ensures
the integrity of high priority bursts, but also reduces the packet loss rate of the low priority bursts maximally, so that
it can support good quality of service (QoS) for the network. 相似文献
14.
One of the key problems to hinder the realization of optical burst switching(OBS) technology in the core networks is the losses due to the contention among the bursts at the core nodes.Burst segmentation is an effective contention resolution technique used to reduce the number of packets lost due to the burst losses.In our work,a burst segmentation-deflection routing contention resolution mechanism in OBS networks is proposed.When the contention occurs,the bursts are segmented according to the lowest packet loss probability of networks firstly,and then the segmented burst is deflected on the optimum routing.An analytical model is proposed to evaluate the contention resolution mechanism.Simulation results show that high-priority bursts have significantly lower packet loss probability and transmission delay than the low-priority.And the performance of the burst lengths,in which the number of segments per burst distributes geometrically,is more effective than that of the deterministically distributed burst lengths. 相似文献
15.
A Novel Optical Burst Assembly Technique Based on a Dynamic Threshold Mechanism to Support Scalable QoS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In IP networks, coarse packet classification is a scalable QoS solution. Similarly, it can also be utilized to an OBS network. In order to match IP QoS requirements with the data processing capacity and flexibility of OBS networks, we propose a novel optical burst assembly technique, which is based on mapping rules and a dynamic threshold mechanism called ATQ-DT. How to map the IP QoS to burst priority is resolved by the mapping rules, and how to efficiently allocate the assembly capacity among classes belonging to the same priority is answered by ATQ-DT. This mechanism determines the maximum share for each class, which is proportional to the current unused capacity. Among the three mapping rules we propose, TQ-MAP is the most reasonable one because it considers both the traffic condition and the QoS requirement. As shown by simulation results, the assembly technique ATQ-DT with TQ-MAP can most remarkably improve the packets loss probability (PLP) to support QoS. 相似文献
16.
N. Sreenath N. Srinath J. Aloysius Suren K. D. S. S. U. Kumar 《Photonic Network Communications》2014,27(1):47-56
Random burst contention losses plague the performance of Optical Burst Switched networks. Such random losses occur even in low load network condition due to the analogous behavior of wavelength and routing algorithms. Since a burst may carry many packets from many TCP sources, its loss can trick the TCP sources to conclude/infer that the underlying (optical) network is congested. Accordingly, TCP reduces sending rate and switches over to either fast retransmission or slow start state. This reaction by TCP is uncalled-for in TCP over OBS networks as the optical network may not be congested during such random burst contention losses. Hence, these losses are to be addressed in order to improve the performance of TCP over OBS networks. Existing work in the literature achieves the above laid objective at the cost of violating the semantics of OBS and/or TCP. Several other works make delay inducing assumptions. In our work, we introduce a new layer, called Adaptation Layer, in between TCP and OBS layers. This layer uses burst retransmission to mitigate the effect of burst loss due to contention on TCP by leveraging the difference between round trip times of TCP and OBS. We achieve our objective with the added advantage of maintaining the semantics of the layers intact. 相似文献
17.
18.
Optical burst contention is one of the major factors that cause the burst loss in the optical burst switching (OBS) networks. So far, various contention resolution schemes have been proposed. Among them, the deflection path is more attractive due to its low requirement for optical buffer in capability and quantity. However, these deflection path algorithms do not consider the successful transmission rate of deflection traffic, and the deflection traffic??s impacts on the original traffic of the deflection path are not concerned. Meanwhile, the offset-time deficit problem for deflected bursts is ignored. Therefore, in order to reduce the burst loss probability in OBS networks, a Distributed Backoff-channel DeFlection algorithm with load balancing, for short DBDF-LB, is proposed. It consists of two parts, that is, the deflection with load balancing and the backoff-channel buffering scheme. Firstly, from the perspective of the network-wide load balancing, the optimal deflection path, on which the contention-failure burst is deflected with the minimum hops and the least burst loss probability, is selected. Secondly, the extra offset-time for the deflected burst is provided through the backoff-channel scheme. Finally, by numerical simulations, compared with the classical shortest path deflection algorithm, the DBDF-LB can obviously reduce the burst loss probability, about 50%, with a little extra overhead. 相似文献
19.
Optical burst switching (OBS) is regarded as one of the most promising switching technologies for next generation optical
networks. Contention resolution of data bursts is a critical mission to implement practical OBS. The use of fiber delay line
(FDL) buffers has received a lot of attention as a fundamental but effective solution to resolve burst contention. Several
studies have investigated the way to achieve the optimal performance of FDL buffers at a single-node level. However, this
article studies how to achieve the best performance of OBS networks with FDL buffers under varying traffic condition at a
network level. For this purpose, we propose an adaptive load-aware burst assembly (ALBA) scheme, which adaptively adjusts
the size threshold of burst assembler optimized to the current network traffic load. A piggybacking method used to deliver
the traffic-load information from core nodes to ingress edge nodes accelerates the adaptiveness of the proposed scheme by
reducing the update time of the size threshold. The effectiveness of the ALBA scheme is proved by comparing with No-FDL case
and fixed size-threshold cases under changing traffic-load environment from extensive simulation tests.
相似文献
JungYul ChoiEmail: |