C—Si—Mn—B贝氏体钢的疲劳裂纹扩展特性

本文研究了C－Si-Mn-B贝氏体钢的疲劳裂纹扩展特性。结果表明,在强度相近的情况下,含1．8％Si钢的门槛值△Kth较0．6％Si钢的低,而且钢中的残余奥氏体对提高△Kth值并非有利。1．8％Si钢的△Kth值随钢的屈服强度降低而提高,然而450℃回火后,虽然△Kt提高,但裂纹扩展速率也显著提高,这表明450℃回火贝氏体脆性促进了疲劳裂纹的扩展。在应力强度因子较高的范围内,疲劳裂纹扩展速率受钢的断裂韧性影响,断裂韧性高,裂纹扩展速率低。     

压铸镁合金AZ91HP疲劳裂纹扩展行为的研究

在保留压铸态截面的条件下,通过对压铸（Ｆ）,固溶（Ｔ４）和峰时效（Ｔ６）三种热处理状态的压铸镁合金ＡＺ９１ＨＰ薄板试样在不同频率下的疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验结果的分析发现,疲劳裂纹扩展速率随着加载频率绵提高而降低。固溶处理能够降低疲劳裂纹扩展速率,随后后的时效处理又加剧了疲劳裂纹扩展速率的提高。     

Al2O3sf/ZL109复合材料的热疲劳短裂纹的扩展行为

在室温至２８０℃间热循环条件下,研究了体积百分含量１８％的氧化铝短纤维增强ＺＬ１０９铝－硅合金复合材料和基体ＺＬ１０９铝－硅合金的热军短裂纹扩展行为,并且探讨和复皮劳裂纹的形成机制和扩展过程。研究结果显示,短裂纹扩展阶段,热疲劳裂纹与增强体纤维有明显的交互作用,但复合材料的皮劳短裂纹扩展速率比基体合金的大,加强基体与纤维的界面结合,提高纤维质量,可望提高复合材料的热疲劳裂纹扩展抗力。     

渗注磷酸盐对AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

交变载荷作用下在AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹尖端渗注磷酸盐转化液,研究磷酸盐的沉积行为及其对AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析裂纹尖端的形貌和物相组成,并采用贴应变片方法确定渗注磷酸盐转化液前后应力强度因子的变化。结果表明:渗注的磷酸盐转化液在AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹尖端形成Zn3(PO4).4H2O及MgZnP2O7复合覆层,能改变疲劳裂纹尖端的应力大小和分布状态,使应力强度因子降低约30%,从而有效地增强疲劳裂纹闭合效应,降低或延滞AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹的扩展。     

AZ91HP镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为与断裂机理

试验分析了AZ91HP镁合金在压铸态(F)、固溶状态(T₄)和固溶-时效状态(T₆)的裂纹扩展行为,并探讨了压铸态镁合金疲劳断口组织特征与裂纹扩展机制。结果表明:压铸态AZ91HP-F疲劳裂纹扩展行为与ΔK值的大小有关,ΔK值越小,断口越平滑,ΔK值越大,断口越粗糙;裂纹扩展过程存在塑性诱发裂纹闭合效应,这一效应使得裂纹扩展的K_op值增加,ΔK_eff值减小,并使疲劳裂纹扩展速率与合金塑性有关,由于AZ91HP的塑性依T₆、F、T₄状态依次增加,导致裂纹扩展速率依次降低。     

应力比对25Cr2Ni2MoV钢疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值的影响

对25Cr2Ni2MoV钢进行疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值试验,试样尺寸为紧凑拉伸试样,试验的频率为20 Hz,波形为正弦波,试验环境介质为空气,试验的温度为23 ℃,试验过程采用连续的降K程序进行测试。试验结果表明,应力比R分别为0.05,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7和0.8时,有效门槛值?Keff分别为5.30、5.10、3.68、3.34、2.72和2.43 MPa·[m],随着应力比的增加,有效门槛值逐渐降低,da/dN曲线向较小的?K方向移动;随着应力比的增加,裂纹闭合效应的影响是逐渐降低的,当应力比R≥0.7时,裂纹闭合效应消失,实际测量的门槛值即为有效门槛值,采用修正后的McEvily-Groeger公式,可以得到25Cr2Ni2MoV钢有效门槛值的经验方程。     

钇对Mg2Si/AZ91D复合材料中Mg2Si相变质的影响

研究了不同含量的钇对Mg2Si/AZ91D复合材料中Mg2Si相形貌的影响.结果表明:Y对Mg2Si/AZ91D复合材料中共晶Mg2Si有明显的细化变质效果,合金液经0.8％Y变质后,共晶Mg2Si相由粗大的树枝状或汉字状转变为颗粒状.在1.2％添加范围内,随Y加入量的增加,对共晶Mg2Si相的细化变质效果增强,未出现过变质现象.固溶处理能使Mg2Si/AZ91D复合材料中枝状或汉字状Mg2Si发生部分溶解,并依靠原子扩散自发粒状化,Y的细化变质能促进Mg2Si相固溶处理时的粒状化.     

Microstructure characterization on the formation of in situ Mg2Si and MgO reinforcements in AZ91D/Flyash composites

5 wt.% and 100 μm in size of fly ash cenosphere particles were incorporated in AZ91D Mg alloy to fabricate in situ Mg₂Si and MgO reinforced AZ91D/Flyash composites by means of compocasting method. The in situ Mg₂Si and MgO were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and thermodynamic analysis. The results show that the cenosphere particles distributed homogeneously in the matrix alloy. Moreover, most of the cenosphere particles were filled with the matrix alloy. The preliminary discussion was carried out on the growth mechanism of the in situ Mg₂Si.     

Effect of alloy microstructure on electroless NiP deposition behavior on Alloy AZ91

Various magnesium alloys, which were assumed as reference to the individual behavior of each microstructural constituents of Alloy AZ91 in the coating bath, were designed to analyze the hypophosphite-reduced electroless nickel coating characteristics on them in both uncoupled and coupled conditions. Galvanic coupling of β phase to the matrix phase in the coating bath was observed to decelerate the deposition rate on the matrix phase. This behavior was attributed to the effective cathodic action of β phase in the coating bath as a result of the catalytic cathodic reactions on it. The variation in the Al content of the matrix phase was also estimated to affect the NiP deposition behavior due to the small scale galvanic interactions. The previously Ni nucleated sites on the alloy surface behaved as the most preferential sites for further Ni nucleation and growth. Low temperature heat treatment (230 °C for 2 h) caused a considerable increase in the surface hardness with negligible decrease in the corrosion resistance. High temperature heat treatment (400 °C for 1 h) improved the surface hardness further with significant deterioration in the corrosion resistance.     

Deposition of electroless Ni-P/Ni-W-P duplex coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

The electroless Ni-P/Ni-W-P duplex coatings were deposited directly on AZ91D magnesium alloy by an acid-sulfate nickel bath.Nickel sulphate and sodium tungstate were used as metal ion sources and sodium hypophosphite was used as reducing agent.The coating was characterized for its structure,morphologies,microhardness and corrosion properties.The presence of dense and coarse nodules in the duplex coatings was observed by SEM and EDS.Tungsten content in Ni-P/Ni-W-P alloy is about 0.65%(mass fraction) and t...     

Effect of nano-CeO2 on cobalt-based alloy laser coatings

Cobalt-based alloy coatings with/without nano-CeO₂ addition prepared by a 5 kW CO₂ laser on Q235 low carbon steel were introduced. The effects of nanoparticles on the macro-quality, microstructure, phase composition, and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The microstructure and phases composition of the coatings were analyzed using Olympus-Pme-3 type microscope, Philip Xl 30 type scanning electron microscope and XD-3A type X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The wear resistance was tested using MM-200 type sliding wear machine, and the wear mechanism was analyzed by JSM-35C type scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that defect (such as crack, gas hole, etc.) -free coatings were obtained. There existed γ-Co and Cr₂₃C₆ in cobalt-based alloy coatings. Another two phases of CeCo₂ and -Co were identified with nanoparticles addition. Fine microstructure and equiaxed dendrite were obtained by adding nano-CeO₂. The relative wear resistance is improved with the increased amount of nano-CeO₂, and the coatings with the best wear resistance when laser power was 2.0 kW by adding 1.5 wt.% CeO₂. The mechanism was found from abrasive/adhesive wear to fretting wear. The wear resistance decreased with 2.0 wt.% CeO₂ addition.     

加载热循环对Mg2B2O5w/AZ31B复合材料塑性的影响

对35%(体积分数)的Mg2B2O5w/AZ31复合材料分别在外加应力为7、14、21和42 MPa时进行加载热循环实验,研究其蠕变行为。结果表明:加载热循环分为初始蠕变阶段、稳定蠕变阶段和失稳变形阶段;外加载荷为42 MPa时,热循环由稳定蠕变阶段迅速进入失稳变形阶段;当外加载荷为21 MPa时,应变速率的急剧变化对累积残余应变影响较小;热循环滞后环倾角随外加载荷的增大而减小;Mg2B2O5w/AZ31复合材料的外加载荷越低,应变速率敏感指数越高,而在400℃的高温蠕变虽也呈现超塑性行为,但应变速率比加载热循环大幅下降。在加载热循环过程中,300℃时基体中的平均内应力接近于零,热循环残余应变的产生主要发生在热循环的高温阶段。     

新型三元复合络合剂体系对AZ91D镁合金表面酸性化学镀Ni-P的影响

利用含新型三元复合络合剂的酸性化学镀镍液体系,在AZ91D镁合金表面通过化学镀制备Ni-P防护镀层。结果表明,镀层沉积速率随着镀液中三元复合络合剂浓度的变化而改变。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和差热分析（DSC）对镀层结构、形貌以及热稳定性进行表征和分析。通过交流阻抗（EIS）和动电位扫描极化曲线对Ni-P镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能进行评价。镀液中三元复合络合剂的浓度对Ni-P镀层的结构与形貌有显著影响。Ni-P镀层的热稳定性随着三元复合络合剂浓度的增加而降低。当镀液中三元复合络合剂浓度为0.035 mol/L时,所制备的Ni-P镀层致密、均一,在3.5%NaCl溶液中表现出良好的耐蚀性能。     

Effect of Fe-impurity on tribological properties of Al-15Mg2Si composite

The effect of Fe-impurity (0.2%–2%, mass fraction) on the microstructure, dry sliding wear, and friction properties of Al-15Mg₂Si composite was investigated using a pin-on-disk tester under the applied pressures of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 MPa at a constant sliding speed of 0.13 m/s. According to the results, Fe modified the primary Mg₂Si particles from irregular dendritic form to smaller particles with polyhedral shapes, refined the pseudo-eutectic structure, and led to the formation of hard β-Al₅FeSi platelets in the matrix. In spite of hardness improvement by these microstructural changes, the resistance of the composite against dry sliding wear was impaired. SEM examination of the worn surfaces, wear debris, and subsurface regions confirmed the negative effect of β-phase on the tribological properties. It was found that β-particles were fractured easily, thereby decreasing the potential of the substrate to resist against sliding stresses and giving rise to the instability and easy detachment of tribolayer as large delaminated debris. The friction results also revealed that Fe slightly decreased the average friction coefficient, but increased the fluctuation in friction.     

Preparation and property evaluation of electroless Ni-P coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Taking a bath with basic nickel carbonate as the source of nickel, sodium hypophosphite as the reducing agent and citric acid as the complexing agent, the N i-P coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy were prepared. The influence of pH value of the bath on the content of phosphorus, microhardness and corrosion resistance of the deposits was examined. The XRD analysis results show that the Ni-P coatings plated under all conditions have a mixed microstructure of amorphous and nanocrystalline and undergo a phase transformation to crystalline nickel and nickel phosphide upon heat-treatment. The microhardness of the Ni-P coatings increases with the increase ofpH value of the bath and has a maximum at pH=6. The potentiodynamic polarization test in 3.5%（mass fraction） NaCl solution reveals that the Ni-P coatings exhibit a very good corrosion resistance to protecting AZ91D magnesium alloy.