合成纤维及其混纺纤维用染料的研究 Ⅰ.用于锦纶染色的含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基活性分散染料

本文综合了应用于锦纶染色的弱酸性染料酸性浴上色的高竭染率,活性染料与纤维的共价键结合,分散染料在纤维上迁移、匀染、盖染性好等优点,提出一类含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基的活性分散染料。用分子较小的分散染料结构,以含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯为活性基;在弱酸性浴中染色,再在弱碱性浴中与聚酰胺纤维反应成共价键结合。 合成了一系列偶氮型和蒽醌型染料。进行了合成工艺、对锦纶的染色性能以及染色锦纶的牢度等试验。并讨论了染料与聚酰胺纤维的结合 这类染料可用于锦纶66和锦纶6丝纺、弹力锦纶丝和针织品,还可用于桑丝、柞丝及其与人造丝的提花织物。这类染料在锦纶上色泽鲜艳,竭染率较高,益染性优良,耐晒、耐湿处理等牢度较好,适于各种锦纶织物的染色。这类活性分散染料,具有酸性染料、活性染料和分散染料染锦纶的主要特点。     

基于萘酰亚胺母体的棉用荧光活性染料的合成及其应用性能研究

本文以萘酰亚胺为荧光母体,设计并合成出3支水溶性的荧光活性染料,并通过红外和核磁共振谱对其结构进行表征。研究了3支染料在棉织物上的上染率、固色率、提升力以及荧光反射率曲线,并讨论了染料结构与性能之间的关系。结果表明:3支染料的上染率、固色率以及提升力都有较好,并且染色织物具有良好的各项牢度性能。     

德龙素N型活性染料应用性能研究

本文通过改进染色工艺,研究了德龙素N型活性染料固色率、匀染性、碱性汗渍牢度、摩擦牢度等染色性能,确认改进工艺可以使N型活性染料在锦纶、蚕丝织物上获得良好的染色效果。     

新型可交联染料制备技术

一、产品和技术简介:活性染料与纤维成化学键结合,因此染色纤维具有很好的湿处理牢度。然而常规单活性基活性染料棉纤维最终固色率通常为50%-60%,双活性基团活性染料最终固色率通常不超过80%。未上染纤维     

德龙素系列毛用活性染料在锦纶织物上的应用

该文主要分析了毛用活性染料在锦纶织物上应用的相关性能,包括上染率、皂洗牢度、汗渍牢度、摩擦牢度等.研究认为,德龙素系列毛用活性染料在锦纶纤维的中、浅色染色加工中具有较好的应用性能.     

锦纶66微纤维活性染料染色条件探讨

采用毛用和棉用活性染料对锦纶66微纤维染色,详细讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值、染色和皂洗方法对染色深度和固色率的影响,分析了不同类型的活性染料对染色条件的敏感性。活性染料对锦纶66微纤维的染色深度、固着率和固着效率受温度、pH值、染料母体结构和活性基的影响很大。毛用活性染料更适合于锦纶66微纤维的染色,普通乙烯砜硫酸酯及乙烯砜硫酸酯/一氯均三嗪染料可有选择性地加以使用,毛用活性染料合适的染色pH值约为4,其它染料适用的pH值因品种而异。采用酸性染色或先酸性后碱性的染色条件均可,后者的优点是固着效率高,但染色深度未见提高染色后采用碱性条件皂洗有利于染色深度的提高。     

异种双活性基染料湿摩擦牢度再探讨

影响异种双活性基染料湿摩擦牢度主要有四个基本因素:染色基质的可染性、活性染料的化学结构、洗涤效率和助剂因素。提出了棉坏布预处理、使用助剂、提高染料的固色率和吸尽率、提升力等9项改进此类染料湿处理牢度的措施。有3篇参考文献。     

锦/棉织物一浴法染色工艺探讨

本文对活性染料染锦/棉交织物的染色工艺进行了系统研究。根据活性染料的染色特征值SERF值从大到小的顺序筛选了三组活性染料,分别对先酸后碱工艺和应用pH值调节剂A工艺的染色效果作了比较研究。结果表明:SERF值中等的染料适用于上述两种工艺。先酸后碱工艺的固色率可达70%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,同色性较好。应用pH值调节剂A的工艺固色率可达80%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,且同色性较好。     

Argazol NF活性染料对牛奶/棉混纺织物的染色研究

针对牛奶纤维不耐碱的特点,选择雅格素中性固色活性染料对牛奶/棉混纺织物进行染色研究。研究结果表明:染色温度对上染率的影响较大;染料浓度2%时,75℃保温90分钟、85℃保温60分钟、95℃保温45分钟染色的上染率相当,约为77%;低温长时染色条件更适宜对牛奶/棉混纺织物染色,75℃保温90分钟的染色效果最好;雅格素中性固色活性染料对牛奶纤维/棉混纺织物染色适宜染淡、中色,牢度较好。染料浓度低于4%时,提升性较好。     

降解壳聚糖在棉织物活性染料低盐染色中的应用

采用降解壳聚糖对棉织物进行预处理,比较处理前后棉织物活性染料染色的上染率、固色率及耐摩擦牢度,在此基础上研究低盐工艺对棉织物活性染料染色的上染率、固色率的影响。实验结果表明降解壳聚糖预处理棉织物显著改善活性染料染色性能,提高染料上染率,减少了染整加工过程中对环境造成的污染。降解壳聚糖预处理的最佳工艺条件:浸渍温度80℃、降解壳聚糖用量0.8%(owf)、浸渍时间30 min。     

Reactive polymers

Summary Two methods of the synthesis of tributyl ammonium derivatives of glycidyl methacrylate — ethylene dimethacrylate copolymers with various contents of the crosslinking agent were examined. While the two-step process which consists in a reaction with dibutyl amine followed by alkylation with butyl bromide gives products with up to 1.5 mmol/g of required groups, in the case of the single-step reaction of the epoxide group with tributyl amine the content does not exceed 0.4 mmol/g. The use of diamines for increasing the distance between the quaternary group and the polymer backbone does not yield a readily definable product, and cannor therefore become the method of choice.     

Reactive Collisions

The present state of a priori calculations of chemical reaction cross sections is reviewed, with emphasis on the hydrogen atom plus hydrogen molecule reaction. Some comparison with experiment is included.     

Reactive polymers

Summary It has been found that the three-phase heterogeneous reaction of propane sultone with hydrolyzed macroporous glycidylmethacrylate copolymers in an aqueous alkaline medium proceeds to a higher degree in presence of phase transfer catalyst. The best results were obtained using tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydroxide. An important finding is the increase in the degree of transformation of the reaction in flow arrangement compared with the batch procedure. The influence of phase transfer catalyst is also more effective. The reaction is discussed with respect to the properties of the products, i.e. of the overall and surface contents of groups introduced into the reaction, of the specific surface area and specific pore volume of sulfopropylated copolymers.     

可渗透反应墙反应材料研究进展

可渗透反应墙(PRB)技术是一种经济高效的被动地下水污染原位修复技术,被认为是最有潜力的地下水处理技术之一.污染地下水流经PRB墙体时,污染物被墙体内的反应材料截留或降解,实现污染物的去除,因此,PRB材料的研发是该技术的研究热点.迄今为止,基于种类众多的反应材料,PRB已被成功用于多种污染物的去除.本文在分类阐述PR...     

Reactive rotational molding

In order to identify the major fluid mechanical effects and catalog their domains of influence, an extensive study of flow behavior of reactive polyester resin systems in uniaxial, horizontal rotating systems has been undertaken. Four general flow phenomena are identified: cascading, where resin is withdrawn from the recirculating pool arid drains back; rimming, where resin is taken around the top of the cylinder by viscous forces; stable hydrocyst formation, where rings of fluid perpendicular to the axis of rotation are formed; and solid body rotation, where the resin on the mold wall is quite uniform and time-independent. For most flow conditions, the desired region of solid body rotation apparently can be reached only by passing through each of the other flow regimes. Experimental work on polyester resin systems is compared with theoretical studies on flow stability, hydrocyst formation, and withdrawal from quiescent pools, and suitable correlations are developed. It is noted that the current correlations for stable hydrocyst formation are invalid for polyester resins and a simpler correlation is proposed.     

Reactive polymer processing

This paper addresses some of the general engineering problems in reactive polymer processing: thermal effects on reactor stability and polymer properties due to rapid exothermic polymerization, the formulation of reaction viscosity relationships required in simulations, and the generation of flow and mixing via technology available from both ends of the viscosity spectrum, which is spanned in its entirety when going from monomer to molded polymer. Methods of analysis are discussed and general design concepts are suggested, which can be applied to the construction of innovative future processing equipment.     

新型反应性乳化剂

详细介绍了近 10年来发展的新一代反应性乳化剂的结构、特性、选用原则以及在乳液聚合中的应用 ,由此制得的高性能乳液及其下游产品有良好的应用前景     

喷雾反应干燥技术

介绍了喷雾反应干燥的原理和类型,可将反应沉淀、干燥和研磨汇集成一个操作,为解决某些工艺难题提供了新的方法。讨论了4个方面的数学模型。介绍了在超微粉体的制备和烟气脱硫方面的应用。