正交实验设计方法在家具产品造型设计中的应用

随着经济的高速发展和人们生活水平的提高,消费者对家具产品的要求也越来越高,家具企业必须使自身的产品最大限度地满足消费者的需求,才能博得消费者的满意和信赖。因此,在新产品的研发设计阶段,产品的先期评估显得尤为重要。正交实验法正是这样一种工具,可以对家具造型多个属性同时进行定量的分析和评价,测试什么样的产品属性组合最能满足消费者的心理需求。文章介绍了正交实验设计方法的概念,以及在家具新产品开发中的应用优势,并通过现代实木餐椅整体造型设计为例,对正交实验设计方法在家具产品造型设计中的应用进行了具体分析。     

产品设计中的感性意象理论、技术与应用研究进展

感性意象是产品设计中的重要理论,人们对产品的使用过程中会产生很多情感,人们对产品的直观认识决定人们对产品的使用效果。在工业产品设计中,为了提高消费者的产品使用效果,需要针对消费者的额感性需求进行造型优化设计,应用感性工学类的目层次法获取产品设计要求,从而为产品造型设计和功能具备进行优化处理,利用组合思想和情感意象为产品优化造型,满足消费者的感性认知需求。     

跨界与融合——现代家具产品的创新设计研究

新技术、新材料的大量涌现使得家具设计得以不断创新,结合近两年的米兰国际家具展,提出了"跨界设计"在现代家具产品创新设计中的应用。通过举例和分析的方式,重点研究和探讨了跨界与融合的设计方法在家具功能、造型、材质、工艺以及营销等五个方面的具体体现。指出跨界设计作为一种新的创新途径,不仅适应了人们生活方式的转变,满足了多元化的需求,也为设计师拓宽了思路,为家具企业的发展提供了参考和借鉴。     

Blum百隆新品亮相中国国际厨卫展

正随着生活水平的不断提高,人们对现代家具的舒适性——无论是对创造性设计、实用性功能的需求,还是不同家庭对大小不一的家具储物空间的需求等要求越来越高。Blum百隆的家具五金件系统凭借高度的安全性、稳定性、舒适性可以满足不同消费者对家具的多种功能需求和个性化的外观需求。自从Blum百隆五金2002年进入中国市场以来,就以创新的技术和高质量的产品受到广大用户的欢迎。     

关于红木养生家具的市场调研分析

人们的生活起居离不开家具,如何在满足基本功能的基础上不断提升家具产品的附加值变成了现代设计师面临的挑战。以红木家具为研究对象,主要调查红木家具与养生元素的结合情况,采取从市场预览和社会调研两种方式,重点了解红木养生家具的市场占有比例、表现方式,以及人们对于红木养生家具的认知度、功能需求、实现情况等,总结现代红木养生家具的设计建议,为产品提供更好的设计依据。     

EXPANDOT∶8mm的纤薄优雅——Blum百隆系列产品性能简介

<正>随着生活水平的不断提高,人们对现代家具的舒适性——无论是对创造性设计、实用性功能的需求,还是不同家庭对大小不一的家具储物空间的需求等要求越来越高。Blum百隆的家具五金件系统凭借高度的安全性、稳定性、舒适性可以满足不同消费者对家具的多种功能需求和个性化的外观需求。自从Blum百隆五金2002年进入中国市场以来,就以创新的技术和高质量的产品受到广大用户的欢迎。     

文化是灵魂 科技是外衣——初度设计作品赏析

正初度家具设计工作室,由南京林业大学家具设计系主任陈于书创立。初度设计自创立以来一直致力于新文化家具的开创工作,带领着超强团队进行设计技术服务。初度设计,汲取中外经典文化精髓,尊崇现代科学技术,以专业为特色,以市场为导向,以可持续发展为原则,深入洞察客户需求,研究竞争对手,结合企业自身情况,进行设计定位,指定设计策略,运用创新技术与材料,研发符合中端消费者需求与市场规律,并有灵魂、有故事、有品位的产品。     

运动鞋设计的审美要素及物理性能

运动鞋作为工业产品中的一员，在造型设计时，其形态的创造不能只停留在物理体积和外观形态的创造上，还应使产品具有美的艺术感染力和内在的功能舒适性，所以设计师必须处理好消费者审美心理的个性与共性，在拥有一定共性的前提下，努力创造个性，使消费者在穿着中既能满足其审美需求又不失舒适的感受。     

现代家具设计发展趋势研究

随着科学技术的飞速发展和人们生活水平的日益提高,高科技、智能化的产品逐渐进入大众视野,产品设计也发挥着越来越重要的作用,许多传统家具已经不能满足当今社会消费者的需求,为了使家具设计更好地融入现代人的生活,必须正视家具发展现状,了解现代家具设计的发展趋势,根据消费者的使用需求做出符合现代人生活习惯和消费观念的设计。     

趣味性办公用品设计研究

随着经济的不断发展,人们对于物质生活的需求度得到了满足,进而越来越关注精神生活的需求。在这个机械工业发达的年代,人们所使用的产品多为批量加工,产品的造型也趋于统一、单调。面对这种局面,越来越多的消费者希望产品被赋予更多的情调和人文内涵,设计师也企图从产品的造型、情感和使用方法等方面来打破常规从而吸引人们的注意力,通过这种方法使产品与众不同继而提升产品的价值,促进消费者的购买欲。本文主要从产品的趣味性、产品所体现的人文情怀、办公用品的基本情况等方面着手,了解趣味性设计的发展历史、现状等,强调趣味性办公用品设计要关注人的情感需求,论证了办公用品的趣味性设计的发展前景。     

国产粗纱机的技术进步

介绍了国产粗纱机的技术进步，国产粗纱机经过近几年的发展，其机电一体化水平空前提高；粗纱质量水平稳定提高；机械水平整体提高；全自动集体落纱从无到有。指出我国电脑粗纱机应进一步加强软件开发，提高控制精度与自适应能力，完善数学模型，提高控制系统的自适应性，方便纺纱生产。     

Comparisons of in situ dry matter disappearance kinetics of wheat forages harvested by various techniques and evaluated in confined and grazing steers

Ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of forages are commonly evaluated in confined animals, but there have been relatively few attempts to evaluate disappearance kinetics of forage dry matter (DM) in grazing animals. Our objectives were 1) to evaluate the effects of harvest technique and sampling date on the in situ DM disappearance kinetics and nutritive value of wheat (Triticum aestiuum L.) forage, and 2) to compare the in situ disappearance kinetics of DM for these forages when the experimental steers were housed in confinement with those obtained from steers grazing wheat pasture. Wheat forage was harvested on three dates (March 6, March 27, and April 11, 2000). Sampling techniques evaluated on each date included three clipping techniques (whole plant, random pluck, and top half) and two evaluations of masticates (oven dried at 50 degrees C or lyophilized). There was an interaction of harvest technique and sampling date main effects for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and whole-plant ash. Disappearance kinetics of DM for these 15 forages were then evaluated by the in situ technique using five 393 +/- 54-kg crossbred steers consuming an alfalfa-based (Medicago sativa L.) diet in confinement, and subsequently, in five 448 +/- 49-kg crossbred steers grazing wheat pasture during March 2001. For fractions A, B, and C, potential extent, rate of disappearance (Kd), and effective ruminal degradability, linear regressions of values obtained for steers grazing wheat pasture on those obtained from confined cattle had significant slopes and exhibited high r2 statistics (>0.821). For fractions A and B, and Kd, the slope of these regression lines did not differ from unity, and the intercept did not differ from zero. For fraction C, potential extent of disappearance, and effective ruminal degradability, slopes were all equal to 1.19 and differed from unity. For effective degradability, deviation of the slope from unity can be explained, in part, on the basis of the passage rates used to calculate these values (0.035 and 0.062/h for confined and grazing steers, respectively). From a practical standpoint, the in situ disappearance kinetics of DM for these wheat forages did not appear to be altered substantially by evaluating them in grazing steers.     

Evaluation of the isotope dilution technique for determining ileal endogenous nitrogen excretion in the rat

Three body amino acid pools (plasma free, plasma bound and small intestinal tissue) were evaluated as precursors to allow measurement using the isotope dilution technique of endogenous excretion at the terminal ileum of animals. Eighteen 150-g bodyweight rats were given either a protein-free, an enzyme-hydrolysed casein based or a synthetic amino acid based diet, and digesta were collected from the terminal ileum. The animals had been subjected to a constant 8-day infusion of tritiated leucine via subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini pumps. Specific activities (dpm nM^?1 leucine) of the ileal digesta and the plasma free, plasma bound and small intestinal tissue pools were determined and the specific activity for the ileal digesta was expressed as a proportion of the respective precursor pool value to give dilution factors for each dietary treatment. For the protein-free diet, where the ileal nitrogenous flow is endogenous by definition, the dilution factor for an appropriate precursor pool would be unity. For the hydrolysed casein and synthetic amino acid diets, in which the peptides and amino acids are expected to be virtually completely absorbed anterior to the ileum, high dilution factors (close to unity) would be expected. The mean dilution factors based on the plasma free amino acid pool were untenably low (0-2 to 0-3). For the plasma bound amino acid pool mean dilution factors of 1-3 were found for animals given the protein-free and synthetic amino acid diets, while a lower value (0-7) was obtained for the hydrolysed casein treatment. Untenably high factors (1-5) were found with the small intestinal tissue for the protein-free and synthetic amino acid treatments, while the corresponding value for the hydrolysed caseinfed rats was unity. The dilution factor data within treatments were highly variable, and none of the pools examined gave consistently reliable results and could thus be accepted as a valid precursor pool for the endogenous proteins.     

Copper Activity in Sucrose Solutions

Copper activity was measured by a cupric electrode in 0.1 M sodium acetate-acetic acid buffered (pH 3.2, 4.5, 6.0) and unbuffered sucrose solutions (10% w/v) using the standard addition technique (l–10 ppm of Cu⁺⁺). In water, the measured copper concentration (activity) was linearly related to the added copper concentration with a slope of unity. The slope decreased in acetate buffer solutions as pH increased indicating that Cu⁺⁺ was complexed with acetate and to a greater extent at higher pH. In the presence of sucrose, copper activity increased approximately 16% in all solutions. Results suggest that the bulking effect of sucrose and the decreased water activity in solutions produced increased copper activity in sucrose solutions.     

一类手足口病模型的全局稳定性分析

研究具有隐性传染和隔离措施的手足口病模型,计算模型的基本再生数.结果表明,当基本再生数小于1时,模型仅有唯一的无病平衡点,利用线性化方法和Lyapunov函数方法,讨论无病平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.当基本再生数大于1时,无病平衡点不稳定,模型还存在唯一的地方病平衡点,通过构造合适的Lyapunov函数证明地方病平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.     

伪狂犬病模型的全局稳定性分析

建立一类伪狂犬病模型并研究其动力学行为,寻求决定疾病绝灭与否的基本再生数.当基本再生数小于1时,模型仅有唯一的无病平衡点,利用线性化方法和Liapunov函数方法,讨论无病平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.当基本再生数大于1时,无病平衡点不稳定,模型还存在唯一的正平衡点,模型是一致持久的,通过线性化方法和几何方法证明了正平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.     

Degradability of forage proteins by in situ and in vitro enzymatic methods

The overall objective of these two studies was to evaluate the efficacy of using the proteolytic enzyme from Streptomyces griseus to estimate concentrations of ruminally degradable protein (RDP) in a wide array of forages. In the first study, alfalfa and prairie hays that previously had been evaluated in vivo for RDP were incubated in a replicated 3 x 3 factorial combination of enzyme concentrations (6.6, 0.66, and 0.066 activity units/ml of incubation medium) and incubation times (2, 4, and 48 h). Two treatment combinations (6.6 activity units for 4 h and 0.066 activity units for 48 h) yielded respective RDP estimates for alfalfa and prairie hay that were close to the known in vivo values. In the second study, 20 diverse forages were evaluated for RDP by using the in situ technique. These forages also were evaluated for RDP with the two enzyme concentrations identified in the first study, but incubation times were expanded to include 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h at the high concentration and 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, and 54 h at the low concentration. At the high enzyme concentration, r2 statistics from linear regressions of enzymatic estimates of RDP on corresponding estimates obtained by the in situ procedure were high (r2 > or = 0.898) at all incubation times; in addition, slopes (range = 0.88 to 1.00) and intercepts (range = -9.4 to 3.5%) approached unity and 0, respectively. At the lower enzyme concentration, r2 statistics were still good (> 0.81), but slopes (0.59 to 0.67) and intercepts (18.5 to 21.9%) for all incubation times did not meet the respective goals of unity and 0.     

一类多种预防控制策略的SVIQR流行病模型研究

研究一类带有接种、剔除和隔离等多种混合策略的SVIQR模型.研究了在多种控制策略下预防和控制流行病模型,针对一些接种期比较长的流行病,把接种者群体看作一类特殊群体.利用微分方程有关定性稳定性理论分析了该模型,得到了疾病绝灭与否的基本再生数R0,证明了当R01时,无病平衡点E0全局渐近稳定,疾病最终会消失;当R01时,E0不稳定,惟一的地方病平衡点E*全局渐近稳定,疾病最终得到流行.最后对接种、剔除和隔离策略进行了讨论和比较,针对流行病的具体情况采取不同的预防和控制策略.     

Reactivity of substituted benzotrichlorides toward granular iron, Cr(II), and an iron(II) porphyrin: A correlation analysis

Cross-correlations of rate constants between a system of interest and a better-defined one have become popular as a tool in studying transformations of organic pollutants. A slope of unity (if the correlation is conducted on a log-log basis) in such plots has been invoked as evidence of a common mechanism. To explore this notion, benzotrichloride and several of its substituted analogues were reacted with Cr(H2O)6(2+), an iron(II) porphyrin (iron meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine chloride, Fe(II)TCP), and granular iron. The first two reductants react with organohalides by dissociative inner sphere single-electron transfer, while mechanism(s) for organohalide reduction by granular iron are still debated. Apartfrom sterically hindered compounds, good correlations were obtained in comparing any two systems, although slopes (on a log-log basis) deviated from unity. We argue that a slope of unity is neither necessary nor sufficient evidence of a common mechanism. Overall rate constants may be composite entities, consisting in part of rate or equilibrium constants for adsorption onto surfaces or for precursor formation in solution; these components may differ between systems in their susceptibility to substituent effects. Cross-correlations may prove useful in predicting reactivity in the absence of steric effects, but additional evidence is required in deducing reaction mechanisms.     

装饰照明的精神功能

本文拟从必更性、永恒性、时代性及科学技术四个角度论述了装饰照明的精神功能,指出装饰照明是工程技术与艺术设计相结合的—种新型艺术设计形式。