小麦B淀粉概述

小麦B淀粉是生产小麦淀粉、谷朊粉的副产物,其产量占面粉总量10%～20%;该文介绍小麦B淀粉来源、组分特点及其利用情况。     

谷朊粉研究进展

该文介绍近年来对谷朊粉的化学组成、应用和改性等方面研究进展。谷朊粉特有功能性质在食品生产中具有广泛用途,通过一定生物化学改性,可大大拓宽谷朊粉应用范围,谷朊粉系为值得进一步深入研究和开发利用蛋白质资源。     

小麦胚芽蛋白制备及应用

小麦胚芽蛋白是一种完全蛋白,其氨基酸全面平衡,且易于被人体吸收,在营养学上具有重要意义。该文主要对小麦胚芽蛋白营养价值、制备及其应用进行综述。     

2009年干旱半干旱地区小麦品质状况研究

在2009年,选取河北、山东、山西、陕西四个省干旱半干旱地区节水高产小麦样品114份,对籽粒感官性状、质量指标、品质性状进行全面分析和评价。结果表明,达到优质强筋小麦国家标准样品占样品总数15.8%,达到优质弱筋小麦国家标准样品占样品总数0.9%;通过试验筛选推荐适合该区域种植的节水高产优质多抗小麦新品种。     

Policosanol content and composition of wheat varieties as affected by environment

BACKGROUND: Policosanol (PC) is a mixture of high‐molecular‐weight aliphatic primary saturated alcohols which possesses cholesterol‐lowering properties. Literature on PC contents and compositions of wheat varieties is limited. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of genotype and environment on PC content and composition in wheat grain. RESULTS: Grain samples were collected from three varieties, Jagger, Trego and Intrada, grown at three locations, Alva, Balko and Goodwell, OK, in 2005. Two sets of samples were obtained from Goodwell (irrigated and dryland samples). Total PC content and PC composition in whole wheat grain samples were determined using a gas chromatography system. PC contents of the whole wheat grain samples varied from 15.9 to 28.7 mg kg^?1. Tricosanol, tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol were the most abundant PC components. Within each location a significant variety effect was observed. There was also a significant location × variety random effect on PC content. CONCLUSION: A fundamental understanding of compositional variation in wheat grain requires multi‐environment testing of genotypes, perhaps over several years. This study is the first step towards achieving this goal by revealing significant genetic differences in a limited set of genotypes. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

重力分级前后不同小麦的理化特性分析

分别从2条小麦制粉生产线的重力分级去石机进出口在线取得小麦样品进行实验制粉。结果表明:分级后重质小麦中饱满籽粒含量增多,小麦粉的加工精度提高,品质特性得到改善,麦谷蛋白与醇溶蛋白含量虽稍有下降,但面筋指数提高,面团的形成时间及稳定时间延长,降落数值以及峰值黏度、最低黏度和最终黏度等指标均有不同程度的提高。轻质小麦的出粉率及小麦粉加工精度均降低,品质特性变差,轻质小麦中不饱满籽粒含量越多,差异越显著。     

Adverse Reactions to Wheat or Wheat Components

Wheat is an important staple food globally, providing a significant contribution to daily energy, fiber, and micronutrient intake. Observational evidence for health impacts of consuming more whole grains, among which wheat is a major contributor, points to significant risk reduction for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and colon cancer. However, specific wheat components may also elicit adverse physical reactions in susceptible individuals such as celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy (WA). Recently, broad coverage in the popular and social media has suggested that wheat consumption leads to a wide range of adverse health effects. This has motivated many consumers to avoid or reduce their consumption of foods that contain wheat/gluten, despite the absence of diagnosed CD or WA, raising questions about underlying mechanisms and possible nocebo effects. However, recent studies did show that some individuals may suffer from adverse reactions in absence of CD and WA. This condition is called non‐celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or non‐celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS). In addition to gluten, wheat and derived products contain many other components which may trigger symptoms, including inhibitors of α‐amylase and trypsin (ATIs), lectins, and rapidly fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs). Furthermore, the way in which foods are being processed, such as the use of yeast or sourdough fermentation, fermentation time and baking conditions, may also affect the presence and bioactivity of these components. The present review systematically describes the characteristics of wheat‐related intolerances, including their etiology, prevalence, the components responsible, diagnosis, and strategies to reduce adverse reactions.     

不同温湿条件下小麦粉储藏期营养品质变化规律研究

将小麦粉在不同温度、不同湿度下进行模拟储藏试验,研究储藏过程中小麦粉营养品质变化规律.结果表明,小麦粉还原糖和游离氨基酸含量在0～90 d储藏期间略微减少,粗蛋白质含量变化不大,脂肪酸值显著升高,90 d时脂肪酸值已超过国家标准.     

小麦阳离子淀粉制备工艺研究

以小麦淀粉为原料,以N-(2,3-环氧丙基)三甲基氯化铵(GTA)为醚化剂制备小麦阳离子淀粉;以取代度和反应效率为响应值设计5因素(GTA用量,氢氧化钠用量,加水量,反应温度,反应时间)3水平响应面实验,通过响应面实验得到最佳制备条件为:GTA加入量12mL,NaOH加入量为0.29g,加水量5mL,反应温度90℃,反应时间3.23h;另外还分析双因素间交互效应。     

发芽小麦与正常小麦混合后的品质研究

为了开发发芽小麦的合理利用途径,以小堰6号和陕225为试验样品,制备7种混合小麦,混和小麦中发芽小麦比例分别为0%、5%、10%、20%、30%、40%、100%,系统研究了混和小麦的品质特性。结果表明,随着发芽小麦比例的增加,混和小麦的籽粒品质、磨粉品质、小麦粉蛋白质品质和面团流变学特性均呈下降趋势,即发芽小麦含量越高,混和小麦的评价值越低,品质越差;小麦中发芽小麦含量小于10%时,其各项品质指标与正常小麦相比,均无显著差异。