凝胶-固相法制备铁氧体吸收剂工艺研究

凝胶-固相法是一种新型的多组元功能陶瓷粉体合成技术,本文用该工艺制备了铁氧体吸收剂粉体,对工艺中凝胶过程的工艺参数进行了研究,并考察了在不同温度煅烧后铁氧体吸收剂粉体的微观结构及其在X波段复数磁导率,研究表明粉体磁导率的实部和虚部均随着W相含量的提高而提高,1200～1300℃煅烧后粉体主晶相为W相,此时粉体的复数磁导率比较理想,微波反射率测试也表明该粉体具有较好的吸波性能.     

W型钡锌铁氧体相形成过程及其电磁特性

采用固相球磨法制备了W型钡锌铁氧体粉体,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和微波网络分析仪分别对其相组成、颗粒形貌和不同煅烧温度下铁氧体粉体的电磁特性进行测试分析。结果发现:煅烧温度为1300℃时生成了较纯的W型钡锌铁氧体相,形成了较为完整的六角片状结构。在6~12GHz频段,随着煅烧温度的增加,μ′、tanμ的值随之增大,并且当煅烧温度达1300℃时,其磁损耗达到最大。     

镍锌铁氧体高频复数磁导率与磁环尺寸的相关性研究

利用短路同轴腔法,对相同材料制成的不同尺寸镍锌铁氧体磁环在10~110 MHz频率范围内的复数磁导率进行测量.结果表明,在一定范围内复数磁导率测量结果与样品内外径比的改变无关,而与样品高度有着一定的相关性,且随着磁环高度的增加,磁环的复数磁导率实部和虚部的数值均减小.运用铁磁学理论证明高频复数磁导率与磁环高度的相关性是由于涡流效应所致.     

升温速率和烧结温度对纳米晶MnZn粉体直接制备功率铁氧体性能的影响

采用纳米晶粉体直接造粒压制成块材烧结的方法制备MnZn铁氧体,研究了不同的升温速率和烧结温度对样品微观结构、磁性能的影响。研究表明,与传统的制备方法相比,直接烧结纳米晶MnZn铁氧体粉体,可以降低烧结温度。采用低的升温速率有利于提高样品的密度和初始磁导率,降低比损耗因子,并且低温烧结可以形成良好的微观结构和磁性能。     

镍铁氧体/聚苯乙烯复合材料的制备与性能

采用高分子凝胶法制备了纳米镍铁氧体,然后用热压法制备了镍铁氧体/聚苯乙烯复合材料.镍铁氧体的结构、形貌和复合材料的电磁性能分别采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和HP8510网络分析仪进行了研究.结果表明,当煅烧温度为600℃时,镍铁氧体晶相生成.随着煅烧温度的升高,镍铁氧体晶体晶型趋向完整.在X波段,复合材料的复介电常数和复磁导率值随着镍铁氧体煅烧温度的升高而增大.1000℃煅烧的镍铁氧体所制备的镍铁氧体/苯乙烯复合材料在11.47GHz处的最小反射率为-12.67dB.     

烧结氧分压对二次料制备的MnZn铁氧体性能的影响

利用电磁炉生产过程中产生的MnZn铁氧体废料,研究了烧结气氛中的氧分压对以二次料为原料采用传统陶瓷法制备的MnZn铁氧体。利用多种表征手段,对MnZn铁氧体的的物相构成和微观结构进行表征,进而研究了氧分压对MnZn铁氧体的微观形貌和软磁性能的影响。结果表明,适当的氧分压可以改善组织。随着氧分压从8%减小至1%时,振幅磁导率先增大而后减小,矫顽力和比总损耗则先减小而后增大。当氧分压为3%时,样品具有单一的尖晶石型MnZn铁氧体相、较好的微观组织和最佳的软磁性能。在100mT和25kHz条件下测得的振幅磁导率、矫顽力和比总损耗分别为2970、11.6A/m和15.6W/kg。     

纳米级NiZnCu铁氧体粉的晶粒尺寸对瓷体性能影响

用柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备的(Ni0.2Zn0.6Cu0.2)Fe2O4铁氧体粉体,通过不同的预烧温度控制粉体的粒径,制得不同晶粒大小的纳米粉体,采用两种烧结工艺实现NiZnCu铁氧体的低温烧结.利用XRD、SEM、TEM,频谱仪等分析了不同初始晶粒尺寸对烧结性能和铁氧体陶瓷电磁性能的影响,总结了烧结后晶粒尺寸对瓷体性能的影响规律,研制出细晶、高磁导率、高电阻率的低温烧结NiZnCu铁氧体陶瓷材料,其初始磁导率≥1000,电阻率比固相法提高了两个数量级.     

自蔓延高温合成镍铜锌铁氧体粉体研究

采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)工艺制备了Ni0.25Cu0.25Zn0.5Fe1.96O3.94粉体,将铁氧体粉体分别在800、850、900℃进行热处理,以XRD、SEM、TG-DSC、振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段分别对产物的物相、微观结构和磁性能进行研究.结果表明,SHS制备的NiCuZn铁氧体粉体经900℃热处理后可以转变成单一的尖晶石相,所得铁氧体粉体结构完整,矫顽力达到最小值,Hc=5 753.417 1A/m,同时饱和磁化强度达到最大值,Ms=68.34 emu/g.     

Co2-W型六角晶系铁氧体的制备和表征

以金属硝酸盐为原料,柠檬酸为络合剂,乙二醇为分散剂,用柠檬酸溶胶_凝胶法制备了Co2-W型六角晶系铁氧体.采用TG-DTA、XRD、SEM研究了样品物相组成、显微结构和晶化过程.结果表明,煅烧温度低于1200℃时,产物为M晶型的铁氧体;煅烧温度为1250～1300℃时,生成单一的W型铁氧体;温度1350℃时,产物中生成了少量M晶型铁氧体.随着保温时间的延长,W晶型逐渐纯化,保温时问超过5h时,产物中生成了少量M晶型铁氧体.当铁含量为15.1,450℃预处理3h后,在1250～1300℃下煅烧3h,可得到完整的Co2-W型铁氧体.     

CaCO3、SnO2掺杂对MnZn铁氧体微结构和性能的影响

本文采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了高磁导率MnZn铁氧体材料.为获得高磁导率MnZn铁氧体材料,从分析材料微观结构入手,研究了适当的工艺条件以及CaCO3和SnO2不同的掺入比对高磁导率MnZn铁氧体材料性能的影响.研究结果表明,由于Ca2 离子存在于晶界,少量的CaCO3掺入会使铁氧体晶粒尺寸增加,均匀性改善,起始磁导率增加,而CaCO3掺杂过量,将会增加晶粒中的气孔率,从而降低起始磁导率.SnO2掺入后,由于Sn4 离子存在于晶界中,为满足电荷平衡的要求,引起晶界附近金属离子空位增多,从而加速畴壁的运动,提高材料的起始磁导率.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.