首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
The rapid development of wearable electronics requires a revolution of power accessories regarding flexibility and energy density. The Li–CO2 battery was recently proposed as a novel and promising candidate for next‐generation energy‐storage systems. However, the current Li–CO2 batteries usually suffer from the difficulties of poor stability, low energy efficiency, and leakage of liquid electrolyte, and few flexible Li–CO2 batteries for wearable electronics have been reported so far. Herein, a quasi‐solid‐state flexible fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery with low overpotential and high energy efficiency, by employing ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles anchored on a carbon nanotube (CNT) cloth freestanding hybrid film as the cathode, is demonstrated. Due to the synergistic effects of the CNT substrate and Mo2C catalyst, it achieves a low charge potential below 3.4 V, a high energy efficiency of ≈80%, and can be reversibly discharged and charged for 40 cycles. Experimental results and theoretical simulation show that the intermediate discharge product Li2C2O4 stabilized by Mo2C via coordinative electrons transfer should be responsible for the reduction of overpotential. The as‐fabricated quasi‐solid‐state flexible fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery can also keep working normally even under various deformation conditions, giving it great potential of becoming an advanced energy accessory for wearable electronics.  相似文献   

2.
The Li–CO2 battery is a promising energy storage device for wearable electronics due to its long discharge plateau, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, its utilization is largely hindered by poor cyclability and mechanical rigidity due to the lack of a flexible and durable catalyst electrode. Herein, flexible fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 batteries with ultralong cycle‐life, high rate capability, and large specific capacity are fabricated, employing bamboo‐like N‐doped carbon nanotube fiber (B‐NCNT) as flexible, durable metal‐free catalysts for both CO2 reduction and evolution reactions. Benefiting from high N‐doping with abundant pyridinic groups, rich defects, and active sites of the periodic bamboo‐like nodes, the fabricated Li–CO2 battery shows outstanding electrochemical performance with high full‐discharge capacity of 23 328 mAh g?1, high rate capability with a low potential gap up to 1.96 V at a current density of 1000 mA g?1, stability over 360 cycles, and good flexibility. Meanwhile, the bifunctional B‐NCNT is used as the counter electrode for a fiber‐shaped dye‐sensitized solar cell to fabricate a self‐powered fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery with overall photochemical–electric energy conversion efficiency of up to 4.6%. Along with a stable voltage output, this design demonstrates great adaptability and application potentiality in wearable electronics with a breath monitor as an example.  相似文献   

3.
Currently, the main bottleneck for the widespread application of Ni–Zn batteries is their poor cycling stability as a result of the irreversibility of the Ni‐based cathode and dendrite formation of the Zn anode during the charging–discharging processes. Herein, a highly rechargeable, flexible, fiber‐shaped Ni–Zn battery with impressive electrochemical performance is rationally demonstrated by employing Ni–NiO heterostructured nanosheets as the cathode. Benefiting from the improved conductivity and enhanced electroactivity of the Ni–NiO heterojunction nanosheet cathode, the as‐fabricated fiber‐shaped Ni–NiO//Zn battery displays high capacity and admirable rate capability. More importantly, this Ni–NiO//Zn battery shows unprecedented cyclic durability both in aqueous (96.6% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles) and polymer (almost no capacity attenuation after 10 000 cycles at 22.2 A g?1) electrolytes. Moreover, a peak energy density of 6.6 µWh cm?2, together with a remarkable power density of 20.2 mW cm?2, is achieved by the flexible quasi‐solid‐state fiber‐shaped Ni–NiO//Zn battery, outperforming most reported fiber‐shaped energy‐storage devices. Such a novel concept of a fiber‐shaped Ni–Zn battery with impressive stability will greatly enrich the flexible energy‐storage technologies for future portable/wearable electronic applications.  相似文献   

4.
Highly active and durable air cathodes to catalyze both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are urgently required for rechargeable metal–air batteries. In this work, an efficient bifunctional oxygen catalyst comprising hollow Co3O4 nanospheres embedded in nitrogen‐doped carbon nanowall arrays on flexible carbon cloth (NC‐Co3O4/CC) is reported. The hierarchical structure is facilely derived from a metal–organic framework precursor. A carbon onion coating constrains the Kirkendall effect to promote the conversion of the Co nanoparticles into irregular hollow oxide nanospheres with a fine scale nanograin structure, which enables promising catalytic properties toward both OER and ORR. The integrated NC‐Co3O4/CC can be used as an additive‐free air cathode for flexible all‐solid‐state zinc–air batteries, which present high open circuit potential (1.44 V), high capacity (387.2 mAh g?1, based on the total mass of Zn and catalysts), excellent cycling stability and mechanical flexibility, significantly outperforming Pt‐ and Ir‐based zinc–air batteries.  相似文献   

5.
The kinetically sluggish rate of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode side is one of the main bottlenecks of zinc‐air batteries (ZABs), and thus the search for an efficient and cost‐effective catalyst for ORR is highly pursued. Co3O4 has received ever‐growing interest as a promising ORR catalyst due to the unique advantages of low‐cost, earth abundance and decent catalytic activity. However, owing to the poor conductivity as a result of its semiconducting nature, the ORR activity of the Co3O4 catalyst is still far below the expectation. Herein, we report a controllable N‐doping strategy to significantly improve the catalytic activity of Co3O4 for ORR and demonstrate these N doped Co3O4 nanowires as an additive‐free air‐cathode for flexible solid‐state zinc‐air batteries. The results of experiments and DFT calculations reveal that the catalytic activity is promoted by the N dopant through a combined set of factors, including enhanced electronic conductivity, increased O2 adsorption strength and improved reaction kinetics. Finally, the assembly of all‐solid‐state ZABs based on the optimized cathode exhibit a high volumetric capacity of 98.1 mAh cm‐3 and outstanding flexibility. The demonstration of such flexible ZABs provides valuable insights that point the way to the redesign of emerging portable electronics.  相似文献   

6.
Ultrathin Co3O4 nanosheets grown on the reduced graphene oxide (Co3O4/rGO) was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and was investigated as a cathode in a Li-O2 battery. Benefited from the synergistic effect between Co3O4 and rGO, the hybrid exhibits a high initial capacity of 10,528 mAh g?1 along with a high coulombic efficiency (84.4%) at 100 mA g?1. In addition, the batteries show an enhanced cycling stability and after 113 cycles, the cut-off discharge voltage remains above 2.5 V. The outstanding performance is intimately related to the high surface area of rGO, which not only provide carbon skeleton for the uniform distribution of Co3O4 nanosheets but also facilitate the reversible formation and decomposition of insoluble Li2O2. The results of electrochemical tests confirm that the Co3O4/rGO hybrid is a promising candidate for the Li-O2 batteries.  相似文献   

7.
Electrocatalysts for oxygen‐reduction and oxygen‐evolution reactions (ORR and OER) are crucial for metal–air batteries, where more costly Pt‐ and Ir/Ru‐based materials are the benchmark catalysts for ORR and OER, respectively. Herein, for the first time Ni is combined with MnO species, and a 3D porous graphene aerogel‐supported Ni/MnO (Ni–MnO/rGO aerogel) bifunctional catalyst is prepared via a facile and scalable hydrogel route. The synthetic strategy depends on the formation of a graphene oxide (GO) crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel that allows for the efficient capture of highly active Ni/MnO particles after pyrolysis. Remarkably, the resulting Ni–MnO/rGO aerogels exhibit superior bifunctional catalytic performance for both ORR and OER in an alkaline electrolyte, which can compete with the previously reported bifunctional electrocatalysts. The MnO mainly contributes to the high activity for the ORR, while metallic Ni is responsible for the excellent OER activity. Moreover, such bifunctional catalyst can endow the homemade Zn–air battery with better power density, specific capacity, and cycling stability than mixed Pt/C + RuO2 catalysts, demonstrating its potential feasibility in practical application of rechargeable metal–air batteries.  相似文献   

8.
Developing non‐precious‐metal bifunctional oxygen reduction and evolution reaction (ORR/OER) catalysts is a major task for promoting the reaction efficiency of Zn–air batteries. Co‐based catalysts have been regarded as promising ORR and OER catalysts owing to the multivalence characteristic of cobalt element. Herein, the synthesis of Co nanoislands rooted on Co–N–C nanosheets supported by carbon felts (Co/Co–N–C) is reported. Co nanosheets rooted on the carbon felt derived from electrodeposition are applied as the self‐template and cobalt source. The synergistic effect of metal Co islands with OER activity and Co–N–C nanosheets with superior ORR performance leads to good bifuctional catalytic performances. Wavelet transform extended X‐ray absorption fine spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy certify the formation of Co (mainly Co0) and the Co–N–C (mainly Co2+ and Co3+) structure. As the air‐cathode, the assembled aqueous Zn–air battery exhibits a small charge–discharge voltage gap (0.82 V@10 mA cm?2) and high power density of 132 mW cm?2, outperforming the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Additionally, the cable flexible rechargeable Zn–air battery exhibits excellent bendable and durability. Density functional theory calculation is combined with operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy to further elucidate the active sites of oxygen reactions at the Co/Co–N–C cathode in Zn–air battery.  相似文献   

9.
With the rising development of flexible and wearable electronics, corresponding flexible energy storage devices with high energy density are required to provide a sustainable energy supply. Theoretically, rechargeable flexible Li–O2 batteries can provide high specific energy density; however, there are only a few reports on the construction of flexible Li–O2 batteries. Conventional flexible Li–O2 batteries possess a loose battery structure, which prevents flexibility and stability. The low mechanical strength of the gas diffusion layer and anode also lead to a flexible Li–O2 battery with poor mechanical properties. All these attributes limit their practical applications. Herein, the authors develop an integrated flexible Li–O2 battery based on a high‐fatigue‐resistance anode and a novel flexible stretchable gas diffusion layer. Owing to the synergistic effect of the stable electrocatalytic activity and hierarchical 3D interconnected network structure of the free‐standing cathode, the obtained flexible Li–O2 batteries exhibit superior electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacity, an excellent rate capability, and exceptional cycle stability. Furthermore, benefitting from the above advantages, the as‐fabricated flexible batteries can realize excellent mechanical and electrochemical stability. Even after a thousand cycles of the bending process, the flexible Li–O2 battery can still possess a stable open‐circuit voltage, a high specific capacity, and a durable cycle performance.  相似文献   

10.
Searching for highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) using nonnoble metal‐based catalysts is essential for the development of many energy conversion systems, including rechargeable fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Here, Co9–xFexS8/Co,Fe‐N‐C hybrids wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (abbreviated as S‐Co9–xFexS8@rGO) are synthesized through a semivulcanization and calcination method using graphene oxide (GO) wrapped bimetallic zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF) Co,Fe‐ZIF (CoFe‐ZIF@GO) as precursors. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of OER active CoFeS and ORR active Co,Fe‐N‐C in a single component, as well as high dispersity and enhanced conductivity derived from rGO coating and Fe‐doping, the obtained S‐Co9–xFexS8@rGO‐10 catalyst shows an ultrasmall overpotential of ≈0.29 V at 10 mA cm?2 in OER and a half‐wave potential of 0.84 V in ORR, combining a superior oxygen electrode activity of ≈0.68 V in 0.1 m KOH.  相似文献   

11.
The ingenious design of a freestanding flexible electrode brings the possibility for power sources in emerging wearable electronic devices. Here, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wraps carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and rGO tightly surrounded by MnO2 nanosheets, forming a 3D multilevel porous conductive structure via vacuum freeze‐drying. The sandwich‐like architecture possesses multiple functions as a flexible anode for lithium‐ion batteries. Micrometer‐sized pores among the continuously waved rGO layers could extraordinarily improve ion diffusion. Nano‐sized pores among the MnO2 nanosheets and CNT/rGO@MnO2 particles could provide vast accessible active sites and alleviate volume change. The tight connection between MnO2 and carbon skeleton could facilitate electron transportation and enhance structural stability. Due to the special structure, the rGO‐wrapped CNT/rGO@MnO2 porous film as an anode shows a high capacity, excellent rate performance, and superior cycling stability (1344.2 mAh g−1 over 630 cycles at 2 A g−1, 608.5 mAh g−1 over 1000 cycles at 7.5 A g−1). Furthermore, the evolutions of microstructure and chemical valence occurring inside the electrode after cycling are investigated to illuminate the structural superiority for energy storage. The excellent electrochemical performance of this freestanding flexible electrode makes it an attractive candidate for practical application in flexible energy storage.  相似文献   

12.
Air electrodes with high catalytic activity are of great importance for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. Herein, a flexible, binder‐free composite air electrode for zinc–air batteries is reported, which utilizes a lightweight, conductive, and crosslinked aerogel film of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functioned as a 3D catalyst‐supporting scaffold for bifunctional cobalt (II/III) oxides and as a current collector. The composite electrode shows high catalytic activities for both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, resulting from the synergistic effect of nitrogen‐doped CNTs and spinel Co3O4 nanoparticles. Solid‐state Zn–air batteries assembled using such free‐standing air electrodes (without the need of additional current collectors) are bendable and show low resistances, low charge/discharge overpotentials, and a high cyclic stability.  相似文献   

13.
Rechargeable flexible solid Zn‐air battery, with a high theoretical energy density of 1086 Wh kg?1, is among the most attractive energy technologies for future flexible and wearable electronics; nevertheless, the practical application is greatly hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) kinetics on the air electrode. Precious metal‐free functionalized carbon materials are widely demonstrated as the most promising candidates, while it still lacks effective synthetic methodology to controllably synthesize carbocatalysts with targeted active sites. This work demonstrates the direct utilization of the intrinsic structural defects in nanocarbon to generate atomically dispersed Co–Nx–C active sites via defect engineering. As‐fabricated Co/N/O tri‐doped graphene catalysts with highly active sites and hierarchical porous scaffolds exhibit superior ORR/OER bifunctional activities and impressive applications in rechargeable Zn‐air batteries. Specifically, when integrated into a rechargeable and flexible solid Zn‐air battery, a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.44 V, a stable discharge voltage of 1.19 V, and a high energy efficiency of 63% at 1.0 mA cm?2 are achieved even under bending. The defect engineering strategy provides a new concept and effective methodology for the full utilization of nanocarbon materials with various structural features and further development of advanced energy materials.  相似文献   

14.
The nonaqueous lithium oxygen battery is a promising candidate as a next‐generation energy storage system because of its potentially high energy density (up to 2–3 kW kg?1), exceeding that of any other existing energy storage system for storing sustainable and clean energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the consumption of nonrenewable fossil fuels. To achieve high energy density, long cycling stability, and low cost, the air electrode structure and the electrocatalysts play important roles. Here, a metal‐free, free‐standing macroporous graphene@graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) composite air cathode is first reported, in which the g‐C3N4 nanosheets can act as efficient electrocatalysts, and the macroporous graphene nanosheets can provide space for Li2O2 to deposit and also promote the electron transfer. The electrochemical results on the graphene@g‐C3N4 composite air electrode show a 0.48 V lower charging plateau and a 0.13 V higher discharging plateau than those of pure graphene air electrode, with a discharge capacity of nearly 17300 mA h g?1 (composite). Excellent cycling performance, with terminal voltage higher than 2.4 V after 105 cycles at 1000 mA h g?1 (composite) capacity, can also be achieved. Therefore, this hybrid material is a promising candidate for use as a high energy, long‐cycle‐life, and low‐cost cathode material for lithium oxygen batteries.  相似文献   

15.
Nanoscale surface‐engineering plays an important role in improving the performance of battery electrodes. Nb2O5 is one typical model anode material with promising high‐rate lithium storage. However, its modest reaction kinetics and low electrical conductivity obstruct the efficient storage of larger ions of sodium or potassium. In this work, partially surface‐amorphized and defect‐rich black niobium oxide@graphene (black Nb2O5?x@rGO) nanosheets are designed to overcome the above Na/K storage problems. The black Nb2O5?x@rGO nanosheets electrodes deliver a high‐rate Na and K storage capacity (123 and 73 mAh g?1, respectively at 3 A g?1) with long‐term cycling stability. Besides, both Na‐ion and K‐ion full batteries based on black Nb2O5?x@rGO nanosheets anodes and vanadate‐based cathodes (Na0.33V2O5 and K0.5V2O5 for Na‐ion and K‐ion full batteries, respectively) demonstrate promising rate and cycling performance. Notably, the K‐ion full battery delivers higher energy and power densities (172 Wh Kg?1 and 430 W Kg?1), comparable to those reported in state‐of‐the‐art K‐ion full batteries, accompanying with a capacity retention of ≈81.3% over 270 cycles. This result on Na‐/K‐ion batteries may pave the way to next‐generation post‐lithium batteries.  相似文献   

16.
The rapid development of electric vehicles and modern personal electronic devices is severely hindered by the limited energy and power density of the existing power sources. Here a novel hybrid Zn battery is reported which is composed of a nanostructured transition metal oxide‐based positive electrode (i.e., Co3O4 nanosheets grown on carbon cloth) and a Zn foil negative electrode in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte. The hybrid battery configuration successfully combines the unique advantages of a Zn–Co3O4 battery and a Zn–air battery, achieving a high voltage of 1.85 V in the Zn–Co3O4 battery region and a high capacity of 792 mAh gZn?1. In addition, the battery shows high stability while maintaining high energy efficiency (higher than 70%) for over 200 cycles and high rate capabilities. Furthermore, the high flexibility of the carbon cloth substrate allows the construction of a flexible battery with a gel electrolyte, demonstrating not only good rechargeability and stability, but also reasonable mechanical deformation without noticeable degradation in performance. This work also provides an inspiring example for further explorations of high‐performance hybrid and flexible battery systems.  相似文献   

17.
Bifunctional electrocatalysis for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) constitutes the bottleneck of various sustainable energy devices and systems like rechargeable metal–air batteries. Emerging catalyst materials are strongly requested toward superior electrocatalytic activities and practical applications. In this study, transition metal hydroxysulfides are presented as bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries. By simply immersing Co‐based hydroxide precursor into solution with high‐concentration S2?, transition metal hydroxides convert to hydroxysulfides with excellent morphology preservation at room temperature. The as‐obtained Co‐based metal hydroxysulfides are with high intrinsic reactivity and electrical conductivity. The electron structure of the active sites is adjusted by anion modulation. The potential for 10 mA cm?2 OER current density is 1.588 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and the ORR half‐wave potential is 0.721 V versus RHE, with a potential gap of 0.867 V for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. The Co3FeS1.5(OH)6 hydroxysulfides are employed in the air electrode for a rechargeable Zn–air battery with a small overpotential of 0.86 V at 20.0 mA cm?2, a high specific capacity of 898 mAh g?1, and a long cycling life, which is much better than Pt and Ir‐based electrocatalyst in Zn–air batteries.  相似文献   

18.
The Li–air battery represents a promising power candidate for future electronics due to its extremely high energy density. However, the use of Li–air batteries is largely limited by their poor cyclability in ambient air. Herein, Li–air batteries with ultralong 610 cycles in ambient air are created by combination of low‐density polyethylene film that prevents water erosion and gel electrolyte that contains a redox mediator of LiI. The low‐density polyethylene film can restrain the side reactions of the discharge product of Li2O2 to Li2CO3 in ambient air, while the LiI can facilitate the electrochemical decomposition of Li2O2 during charging, which improves the reversibility of the Li–air battery. All the components of the Li–air battery are flexible, which is particularly desirable for portable and wearable electronic devices.  相似文献   

19.
Flexible power sources have shown great promise in next‐generation bendable, implantable, and wearable electronic systems. Here, flexible and binder‐free electrodes of Na3V2(PO4)3/reduced graphene oxide (NVP/rGO) and Sb/rGO nanocomposites for sodium‐ion batteries are reported. The Sb/rGO and NVP/rGO paper electrodes with high flexibility and tailorability can be easily fabricated. Sb and NVP nanoparticles are embedded homogenously in the interconnected framework of rGO nanosheets, which provides structurally stable hosts for Na‐ion intercalation and deintercalation. The NVP/rGO paper‐like cathode delivers a reversible capacity of 113 mAh g?1 at 100 mA g?1 and high capacity retention of ≈96.6% after 120 cycles. The Sb/rGO paper‐like anode gives a highly reversible capacity of 612 mAh g?1 at 100 mA g?1, an excellent rate capacity up to 30 C, and a good cycle performance. Moreover, the sodium‐ion full cell of NVP/rGO//Sb/rGO has been fabricated, delivering a highly reversible capacity of ≈400 mAh g?1 at a current density of 100 mA g?1 after 100 charge/discharge cycles. This work may provide promising electrode candidates for developing next‐generation energy‐storage devices with high capacity and long cycle life.  相似文献   

20.
ZIF‐67‐derived 3D hollow mesoporous crystalline Co3O4 wrapped by 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets are prepared by low temperature annealing, and are used for the photocatalytic oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) at a concentration of 600 ppb. The p–n heterojunction between Co3O4 and g‐C3N4 forms a spatial conductive network frame and results in a broad visible light response range. The hollow mesoporous structure of Co3O4 contributes to the circulation and adsorption of NO, and the large specific surface area exposes abundant active sites for the reaction of active species. A maximum NO degradation efficiency of 57% is achieved by adjusting the mass of the Co3O4 precursor. Cycling tests and X‐ray diffraction indicate the high stability and recyclability of the composite, making it promising in environmental purification applications.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号