航向估计在对抗尾流自导鱼雷中的应用研究

针对尾流自导鱼雷的制导特点和悬浮式深弹拦截尾流自导鱼雷的需求,从尾流自导鱼雷射击提前角入手,重点对来袭尾流自导鱼雷的航向进行了估计,探讨了悬浮式深弹拦截尾流自导鱼雷的相关问题.仿真结果表明,来袭鱼雷航向估计应用于在水面舰艇使用悬浮式深弹拦截尾流自导鱼雷中是非常有效的.     

悬浮式深弹反鱼雷武器仿真试验系统设计

针对某型悬浮式深弹反鱼雷武器系统设计定型试验的需求,依据其设备组成和作战流程,从系统功能模拟的角度,基于模块化设计思想开发了一种仿真试验系统,详细介绍了该仿真试验系统7个模块的主要功能及系统工作流程;应用实例表明：该仿真系统可实现不同态势、不同环境下悬浮式深弹反鱼雷武器系统对不同类型来袭鱼雷作战过程的仿真试验,解决了拦截概率指标考核需要大量样本的难题。     

悬浮式深弹拦截不确定型鱼雷作战模型研究

水面舰艇如何使用悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷是舰艇防御鱼雷的重要问题之一。该文通过利用模糊数学知识将鱼雷报警距离分为近、中、远3个模糊区域,建立了鱼雷报警距离隶属函数关系,预估了鱼雷目标航向、航速等运动要素,最后建立了悬浮式深弹拦截不确定型鱼雷作战模型,并对作战模型进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果表明,舰艇在不能确定来袭鱼雷型号和自导方式时,选择使用悬浮式深弹这一硬杀伤方式拦截鱼雷是最为可行的方案,能够达到彻底毁伤鱼雷,从而保护舰艇安全的最终目的。     

悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷方法研究

在现有深弹拦截鱼雷理论研究和试验结果的基础上,研究了水面舰艇使用悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷的方法。对拦截的可能条件做了分析,进一步研究各拦截条件下悬浮式深弹的拦截方法,并给出了作战模型。     

悬浮式深水炸弹综合防御鱼雷作战仿真系统确认方法

为解决悬浮式深水炸弹综合防御鱼雷作战仿真评估确认问题,建立舰艇生存概率的数学模型,根据仿真系统输出的拦截概率和规避概率样本数据,结合模型计算得到生存概率的样本值。针对生存概率样本的高维、海量等特性,提出将多重假设检验应用于作战仿真系统确认的思路,建立评估多重假设检验功效的Power模型以及计算生存概率样本p-值的p-value模型,给出模型中关键指标的求解步骤。根据p-value模型求解得到该仿真系统的各项重要评估指标值,对系统进行评估确认。研究结果表明,多重假设检验对仿真系统确认更严格,并且在控制第一类错误方面明显优于传统假设检验。     

舰艇使用悬浮式深弹对抗声自导鱼雷规避策略分析

水面舰艇使用悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷时如何进行规避机动是舰艇防御鱼雷的重要问题之一。本文分析了水面舰艇使用悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷过程,建立了舰艇使用悬浮式深弹时规避声自导鱼雷数学模型,采用蒙特卡洛法通过计算机仿真,得出了在不同的鱼雷报警区域内舰艇规避鱼雷时的规避转向角。仿真结果表明,舰艇在悬浮式深弹阵的掩护下,不规避或小角度规避即可获得理想的规避成功概率。     

悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷射击区域分析

分析了悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷的射击区域问题,提出了悬浮式深弹的射击区、杀伤区概念。根据鱼雷目标的运动要素,确定了悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷的方向射界判别条件和射距判别条件。     

悬浮式声诱饵和悬浮式深弹阵协同对抗声自导鱼雷建模与仿真

舰艇如何优化布放悬浮式声诱饵和悬浮式深弹阵防御声自导鱼雷是舰艇防御鱼雷攻击的重要问题之一。本文建立了舰艇使用悬浮式声诱饵与悬浮式深弹阵对抗鱼雷的作战模型,采用极值法和非线性规划方法,确定了悬浮式声诱饵与悬浮式深弹阵的发射策略及舰艇的规避航向,使舰艇布放悬浮式声诱饵与悬浮式深弹阵和正确的规避机动有效结合,以期达到对抗来袭鱼雷的最佳效果。仿真结果表明,采用本文方法可以达到软硬防御手段有效结合对抗来袭鱼雷的双重效果,鱼雷拦截概率提高了10%～30%。     

基于预定毁伤概率的悬浮式深弹使用方法

利用悬浮式深弹拦截来袭鱼雷时，要在鱼雷可能来袭的航路上布设多枚深弹组成拦截线，以提升对鱼雷的毁伤概率。传统布设方法基于对鱼雷探测误差和深弹毁伤半径，确定目标可能通过区间并均匀配置深弹，没有合理地基于深弹射击误差和预定毁伤概率，确定深弹布设数量和瞄准点。基于预定概率区域射击方法以毁伤概率为预定指标，同时考虑观测误差和射击误差的最优拦截模型；通过构建中间函数求取理论最优毁伤概率，再根据最优毁伤概率，将预定毁伤概率作为输入，迭代求解布设深弹数量。通过分析拦截策略确定深弹布设瞄准点。仿真结果表明：该方法可以基于预定毁伤概率快速得到最优射弹数和瞄准点，验证毁伤概率与预定毁伤概率的误差小于1%,实现了水下拦截线的精确布设。     

基于尾流自导鱼雷弹道水平方位变化率检测来袭鱼雷的方法

目标信号检测技术是研制悬浮式硬杀伤反鱼雷火箭的关键技术之一。针对悬浮式硬杀伤反鱼雷火箭拦截尾流自导鱼雷的炸点判断问题,通过对不同相遇态势下尾流自导鱼雷弹道水平方位变化率的仿真分析,提出了一种检测来袭尾流自导鱼雷的门限检测法,并根据相遇的临界条件给出了检测门限的计算方法,说明了检测原理。仿真分析表明,炸点的判断就是检测尾流自导鱼雷是否进入动作区域。文章同时对该检测方法的应用前景进行了探索性分析,从而为悬浮式硬杀伤反鱼雷火箭拦截尾流自导鱼雷提供了相关技术支持。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.