反应合成Ti_3Al/TiC+Al_2O_3复合材料烧结过程热力学分析

将高能球磨后的Ti-Al粉末和TiC,Al2O3粉末混合进行热压烧结,在烧结的过程中反应生成金属间化合物为增强相的复合材料。通过对粉料的X射线衍射分析、热分析(DSC)和烧结体的成分分析表明,最终的金属间化合物只有Ti3Al而没有其它金属间化合物相。通过热力学计算,分析了反应烧结过程并发现在低温由固相间原子扩散控制生成TiAl3,TiAl,Ti3Al的渐进过程,和在高温下金属间化合物的合成机理,而且增强相和基体界面间处于稳定状态。     

铸铁表面原位合成TiC/Al3Ti复合材料

对Al-Ti-C体系进行热力学分析,在氩气保护下进行热爆反应试验.采用铸造反应合成技术在铸铁表面原位合成TiC/Al3Ti复合材料.研究热爆产物及表面复合材料的物相、组织和界面形貌,并对其形成机理进行探讨.结果表明:采用热爆工艺使Al-Ti-C体系发生反应,生成纯净的TiC/Al3Ti复合产物.在熔融铁液作用下,Al-Ti-C体系反应完全,制备出纯净的TiC颗粒增强金属间化合物基表面复合材料.表面复合材料组织致密,与铁基体界面为良好的冶金结合.当TiC含量较少时,颗粒呈条状;随着TiC含量的提高,颗粒尺寸逐渐减小,由长条状向粒状及细粒状转化.     

自蔓延高温合成TiC/Al2O3复合材料的力学性能

首先以Ti粉、Al粉和石墨粉为原料,在氩气保护条件下,用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)方法制备了TiC/Al2O3复合材料粉体.在1600℃,氩气保护条件下热压烧结制成块体复合材料.研究了复合材料的烧结密度、强度、硬度、韧性等力学性能,并讨论了力学性能与微观结构之间的关系.     

Al/TiC/Al2O3复合结合剂立方氮化硼复合材料的制备

采用Al/C/TiO2/CBN(各组粉体中,CBN质量分数均为10％)粉体为原料,通过原位反应烧结技术,制备Al/TiC/Al2O3金属陶瓷复合结合剂立方氮化硼(CBN)材料.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)结合能谱仪(EDS)分析试样.在1100℃保温1h,反应烧结得到Al/TiC/Al2O3金属陶瓷复合结合剂CBN材料.研究结果表明,当采用结合剂组成为4Al/3C/3TiO2的原料(CBN质量分数为10％)时,由于反应放热量较大,导致CBN发生严重的热损伤,CBN都明显断裂.在原料中增加Al的质量分数,可显著降低反应产生的高温,可显著降低热损伤,从而制备不同Al质量分数的Al/TiC/Al2O3金属陶瓷复合结合剂CBN材料.     

Ti3SiC2/Al2O3复合材料的SPS烧结及其性能研究

利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法成功制备了Ti3SiC2/Al2O3复合材料,用XRD及SEM对其组成和结构进行了表征.另外系统研究了Ti3SiC2/Al2O3复合材料的弹性模量及673 K时的热传导性能.结果表明复合材料弹性模量高于理论上限模量,随着Ti3SiC2含量的增加复合材料弹性模量减小,且Ti3SiC2的加入使复合材料的热导率较Al2O3有一定的提高,673 K时复合材料热导率符合"海岛-网络"模型.     

Ti3SiC2／Al2O3复合材料的SPS烧结及其性能研究

利用放电等离子烧结（SPS）方法成功制备了Ti3SiC2／Al2O3复合材料，用XRD及SEM对其组成和结构进行了表征。另外系统研究了Ti3SiC2／Al2O3复合材料的弹性模量及673K时的热传导性能。结果表明复合材料弹性模量高于理论上限模量，随着Ti3SiC2含量的增加复合材料弹性模量减小，且Ti3SiC2的加入使复合材料的热导率较Al2O3有一定的提高，673K时复合材料热导率符合“海岛-网络”模型。     

TiC/Ti3AlC/Ti3Al三相自生复合材料热应力分析

根据TiC/Ti3AlC/Ti3Al三相自生复合材料的结构,建立了热应力分析的4层嵌套模型,推导了热应力计算公式.并利用该模型计算了TiC/Ti3AlC/Ti3Al三相复合材料的热应力.计算结果表明各相及对应界面的法向应变和切向应变均较TiC/Ti3Al两相结构材料有所降低,这有利于防止材料发生界面脱粘损坏;在Ti3AlC界相中只产生较小的切向压应力,可大幅度降低Ti3Al基体相中的切向压应力,有利于防止Ti3Al基体发生拉裂破坏.对具有包覆结构的TiC/Ti3AlC/Ti3Al合金的显微力学性能进行了测试,Ti3AlC界相的存在,使增强体中心到基体的显微硬度和弹性模量呈梯度变化,有利于应力传递.     

原位生成Al2O3、TiB2和Al3Ti/Al复合材料的热循环行为

本文研究了Al-TiO2-B系原位生成Al2O3、TiB2和Al3Ti/Al颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热循环行为，研究结果表明了纯铝及B／TiO2摩尔比分别为0、1和2的颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热循环行为具有以下结果，纯铝和复合材料热循环后均产生了残余应变和滞后环；Al-TiO2-B系列复合材料热循环应变的各项指标均比纯铝基体大大降低，且具有较小的内耗功和较好的热稳定性，可以预测其具有较高的热疲劳寿命，热循环曲线能很好的评估复合材料在温度循环变化的环境中工作时的热稳定性和热疲劳。     

原位反应合成TiN／Al2O3复合材料

以Al和TiO2为初始原料，经高能球磨及热压烧结工艺，原位合成了TiN／Al2O3复合材料。利用DTA，XRD及SEM等方法结合热力学计算，研究了该粉体的高能球磨过程和球磨粉体在后续热处理中的物相形成及转化规律。同时研究了以高能球磨及热压烧结工艺所制备的复合材料的力学性能和显微结构。结果表明：在球磨过程中粉料吸附并溶解了N2气，在后续热处理中原位反应形成了Ti2AlN相，当温度升高到一定程度时分解形成TiN，这有助于材料的致密化并使其力学性能提高。球磨粉体在1300℃、30MPa、保温、保压60min热压烧结条件下，可得到性能优异的TiN/Al2O3复合材料，该材料的抗弯强度为850MPa，断裂韧性为5．7MPa·m^1/2。     

SiO2与液态Al反应生成Al2O3/Al复合材料的研究

采用SiO2粉与液态Al反应制备Al2O3／Al复合材料，讨论了SiO2的加入量、反应温度、反应时间对反应速度的影响，分析了不同反应温度和保温时间下生成复合材料的微观结构。试验证明：当SiO2含量较低时，SiO2与Al发生完全反应，形成均匀Al2O3／Al复合层；当ω(SiO2)达一定量时，反应速度反而降低；保温时间为6～8h，反应速度最快，之后变慢。     

Phase constituents and microstructure of laser cladding Al2O3/Ti3Al reinforced ceramic layer on titanium alloy

Laser cladding of the Fe₃Al + TiB₂/Al₂O₃ pre-placed alloy powder on Ti-6Al-4V alloy can form the Ti₃Al/Fe₃Al + TiB₂/Al₂O₃ ceramic layer, which can greatly increase wear resistance of titanium alloy. In this study, the Ti₃Al/Fe₃Al + TiB₂/Al₂O₃ ceramic layer has been researched by means of electron probe, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and micro-analyzer. In cladding process, Al₂O₃ can react with TiB₂ leading to formation of amount of Ti₃Al and B. This principle can be used to improve the Fe₃Al + TiB₂ laser cladded coating, it was found that with addition of Al₂O₃, the microstructure performance and micro-hardness of the coating was obviously improved due to the action of the Al-Ti-B system and hard phases.     

Thermal shock fatigue behavior of TiC/Al2O3 composite ceramics

The thermal shock fatigue behaviors of pure hot-pressed alumina and 30 wt.% TiC/Al₂O₃ composites were studied. The effect of TiC and Al₂O₃ starting particle size on the mechanical properties of the composites was discussed. Indentation-quench test was conducted to evaluate the effect of thermal fatigue temperature difference (ΔT) and number of thermal cycles (N) on fatigue crack growth (Δa). The mechanical properties and thermal fatigue resistance of TiC/Al₂O₃ composites are remarkably improved by the addition of TiC. The thermal shock fatigue of monolithic alumina and TiC/Al₂O₃ composites is due to a “true” cycling effect (thermal fatigue). Crack deflection and bridging are the predominant reasons for the improvement of thermal shock fatigue resistance of the composites.     

Fe3Ai纳米粒子增强A12O3陶瓷的制备及性能

用热压烧结法制备了纳米Fe3Al粒子增强Al2O3基复合材料.研究了1 450～1 600 ℃不同烧结温度下纳米Fe3Al的加入量与材料的致密度、力学性能及显微结构的关系.结果表明纳米Fe3Al的加入可使Al2O3晶粒的生长受到抑制, 使复合材料的烧结温度提高.Fe3Al/Al2O3纳米复合材料有良好的力学性能, 其抗弯强度最高可达832 MPa, 断裂韧性最高可达7.96 MPa*m1/2.     

国外多孔基体氧化铝/氧化铝复合材料工程应用进展

氧化铝/氧化铝复合材料(Al2O3/Al2O3)是20世纪90年代兴起的一类连续陶瓷纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,已经发展为与SiC/SiC、C/SiC等非氧化物陶瓷基复合材料并列的一类陶瓷基复合材料。与非氧化物陶瓷基复合材料相比,Al2O3/Al2O3具有长时抗氧化、高温耐腐蚀、低成本等独特优势,已经在航空发动机、地面燃气轮机等军民两用热结构材料领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文从材料应用的角度出发,系统分析阐述了目前在Al2O3/Al2O3占主导地位的多孔基体Al2O3/Al2O3(P-Al2O3/Al2O3)的增韧机制、成型工艺和性能特点,重点归纳了国外近年来P-Al2O3/Al2O3的工程化应用进展及前景,最后指出了P-Al2O3/Al2O3存在的局限性并展望了未来发展方向,旨在为国内Al2O3/Al2O3体系发展提供借鉴和参考。     

Improved oxidation resistance of Ti with a thermal sprayed Ti3Al(O)–Al2O3 composite coating

A Ti₃Al(O)–Al₂O₃ in situ composite was explored as a coating system for Ti using thermal spray. Oxidation tests at 700–800 °C showed that this coating remarkably decreased the oxidation rate and increased the scale spallation resistance compared with Ti. The mechanisms for these improvements were then briefly discussed.     

Effects of TiC and Al4C3 addition on combustion synthesis of Ti2AlC

Preparation of the ternary carbide Ti₂AlC was conducted by combustion synthesis in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) from the elemental powder compacts of Ti:Al:C = 2:1:1, TiC-containing samples with TiC of 6.67–14.3 mol%, and Al₄C₃-containing samples with Al₄C₃ of 1.96–10 mol%. Effects of TiC and Al₄C₃ addition were studied on combustion characteristics and the degree of phase conversion. Due to the growth of laminated Ti₂AlC grains, the reactant compact was subjected to an axial elongation during the SHS process. Because the addition of TiC and Al₄C₃ led to a decrease in the reaction temperature, the flame-front propagation velocity was correspondingly reduced for the TiC- and Al₄C₃-containing samples when compared with the elemental reactants. Based upon the XRD analysis, formation of Ti₂AlC along with a secondary phase TiC was identified in the synthesized products. The grains of Ti₂AlC are typically plate-like with a size of 10–20 μm and several laminated Ti₂AlC grains form a layered structure. The content of Ti₂AlC yielded from the elemental powder compacts is about 85 wt%. The addition of TiC was found to facilitate the formation mechanism and therefore to enhance the extent of Ti₂AlC conversion approaching 90 wt%. As a result of the reduced exothermicity of the reaction, however, the content of Ti₂AlC decreased slightly in the products synthesized from the Al₄C₃-added samples.     

Al_2O_3/MoS_2复合涂层的制备及摩擦磨损性能

以大气等离子喷涂工艺制备的Al_2O_3陶瓷涂层为模板,利用陶瓷涂层中存在的孔隙和微裂纹,采用水热反应在其内部原位合成具有润滑特性的MoS_2,制备出Al_2O_3/MoS_2的复合涂层。结果表明,通过水热反应在陶瓷涂层原有的微观缺陷中成功合成了MoS_2,合成的MoS_2固体粉末呈类球形状,并且这球状的粉末是由纳米片层状的MoS_2搭建组成的。摩擦试验结果表明,与纯Al_2O_3涂层相比,复合涂层中由于MoS_2润滑膜的形成,其摩擦因数和磨损率都显著降低,且载荷越大,复合涂层的摩擦性能越好。     

MoS2 coated with Al2O3 for Ni-MoS2/Al2O3 composite coatings by pulse electrodeposition

The MoS₂ powders were coated with Al₂O₃ (5 wt.%) through controlling hydrolysis of Al (NO₃)₃·9H₂O. MoS₂ powder coated with Al₂O₃ was written as MoS₂/Al₂O₃ hereinafter. MoS₂/Al₂O₃ powders were put into Ni plating electrolyte bath. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) — the surfactant was also put into the bath. The experiment proves that MoS₂/Al₂O₃ particles were absorbed onto the Ni plate. The amount of MoS₂/Al₂O₃ deposited on Ni plate rises with the increasing concentration of MoS₂/Al₂O₃ in the bath. The microhardness, micro-surface, phase and the tribological property of the MoS₂/Al₂O₃ multi-plating coating were measured and analyzed. The performances of microhardness and wear resistance of the Ni-MoS₂/Al₂O₃ composite are better than those of Ni-MoS₂ composite.     

Ti3SiC2、Ti3AlC2复相材料高温抗氧化行为的研究

以Ti粉、Si粉、铝粉、石墨为原料,在1600℃热压烧结制得试样,对不同配比Ti3SiC2、Ti3AlC2复相材料在1100～1500℃下恒温氧化20h的氧化行为进行研究.结果表明:热压法制备Ti3SiC2、Ti3AlC2复相材料在高温下具有比Ti3SiC2和Ti3AlC2更优良的高温抗氧化性能;由于试样氧化过程中产生了TiO2、SiO2、Al2TiO5和α-Al2O3,可有效提高试样的高温抗氧化能力.