40t单流中间包控流装置的优化配置

采用水模型和工业验证的方法针对40 t单流中间包的控流装置进行优化配置研究.通过对单独湍流抑制器控流装置、湍流抑制器+下挡墙组合控流装置、湍流抑制器+下挡墙+上挡墙组合控流装置的研究表明,下挡墙在改善钢液流动形态和减少中间包内死区方面所起的作用大于上挡墙.平均停留时间随下挡墙与长水口的距离增加呈先增大后减小的趋势.确定了单流中间包以湍流抑制器+下挡墙的优化组合形式,死区比例由原来的25.9%降低到了13.6%.通过系统取样分析发现优化后中间包内T.O和N含量大幅降低,正常坯中的大型夹杂物质量分数也由原来的8.4×10-7降低到3.2×10-7.      

中间包底吹氩行为的数值模拟

 根据某钢厂连铸中间包的实际操作参数,采用欧拉两相流模型,气体入口边界条件按照多孔介质进行处理,利用CFX软件模拟计算了底吹氩中间包内钢液的流场。结果表明:底吹氩气技术代替上挡墙或下挡墙2种情况下,注入区钢液混合加剧,有利于夹杂物碰撞长大。浇注区靠近液面处速度提高易引起卷渣。当采用湍流控制器、上挡墙、下挡墙、底吹氩技术时,吹氩位置对钢液流动的影响较大,当在湍流控制器和上挡墙之间吹入气体时,钢液的流动特性有利于夹杂物的上浮去除。     

薄板坯连铸中间包内抑湍器的模拟研究

控制中间包内钢液的合理流动对夹杂物的排除有重要影响,为此建立了模拟薄板坯连铸中间包流动情况的水模型。通过测定停留时间分布(RTD)曲线,研究了不同组合控流装置对中间包流体流动特性的影响。结果表明,结构及尺寸合理的抑湍器能延长水口响应时间及平均停留时间、提高活塞流区体积分数及降低死区体积分数;抑湍器与单坝组合的控流装置在控制流体流动方面效果极佳,而抑湍器与单墙单坝、单墙双坝组合的控流装置的控流效果不太理想。     

连铸中间包用耐火材料冲蚀的数值模拟

建立了中间包内钢液-夹杂物两相流对耐火材料冲蚀的数学模型,并对设置有湍流控制器、挡渣堰、挡渣坝中间包耐火材料的冲蚀特性进行了数值模拟计算。计算结果表明,中间包内冲蚀率最大的位置在湍流控制器内,其次是注入区近渣线处包壁、挡渣堰与挡渣坝迎向钢液流动一侧壁面,其他区域耐火材料的冲蚀很小,可以忽略不计。     

几种中间包控流装置的作用及比较

 中间包内设置控流装置对钢水流动行为和夹杂物去除影响显著。采用物理模拟的方法,系统研究和比较了常规双挡墙、湍流控制器、导流挡板和透气砖吹氩对中间包流体流动特征的影响。结果表明,湍流控制器可起到减小钢水喷溅、防止二次氧化和改善流体运动路线的作用,并减少短路流的发生。导流挡板与双挡墙比较,最短停留时间变化不大,但死区体积更小。与双挡墙相比,透气砖吹氩的最短停留时间提高不多,但峰值时间增加明显,死区体积大大降低。     

Experimental investigation of flow control devices effect on inclusion separation in a four strand tundish

In continuous casting, molten steel often contains non-metallic inclusions that have a very high melting temperature and thus remain suspended in the molten flow. Given the lower density of these substances compared to the melt, they can be filtered in the form of top slag by proper use of buoyancy forces. Thus, providing a desirable flow pattern, reduced flow turbulence, and adequate residence time for inclusions in the tundish will improve the inclusion separation performance and therefore the product quality. In this study, a reduced-scale water model of a tundish was used to evaluate the effect of melt level in the tundish on the flow pattern and inclusion separation performance. Then, the flow control devices are added to this simple tundish model to examine the effect of them on the flow behaviour and inclusion separation. Experimental investigation showed that raising the water level in the model tundish has desirable effects on inclusion separation and the use of the dam at the inlet with tall dam improves the flow pattern and inclusion separation almost 20% in the form of top slag.     

Steel flow and inclusion separation in continuous casting tundishes

A model for the calculation of flow patterns and inclusion separation in continuous casting tundishes is described. Velocity and turbulence fields for the liquid steel are calculated, assuming three-dimensional, turbulent steady-state flow. A transport equation for particles is solved, which takes into account buoyancy, convection und turbulent dispersion. Particle concentration fields and the percentage of removed particles are calculated as a function of particle rise velocity. The influence of increased tundish width and height and of dams and weirs on the rate of inclusion separation is investigated for a slab caster tundish. Non-dimensional representations and approximation expressions are discussed and used to compare the computed removal rates to measured values from literature.     

单流板坯中间包内湍流抑制器对流场的影响

通过水力学模型实验,研究了湍流抑制器对单流板坯中间包内钢液流动的影响,并比较了有无湍流抑制器时中间包内钢液流动的特性。湍流抑制器使钢液由长水口注入中间包后再返回,从而消除了中间包短路流,发展了表面流,延长了滞止时间和平均停留时间,有利于中间包内夹杂物的去除。湍流抑制器与单挡坝的结构在控制中间包内钢液流动方面效果较好。     

连铸中间包中夹杂物粒度分布的研究

采用完全混合流和活塞流相结合的模型,针对铝脱氧钢研究了中间包流动状况下Al<,2>O<,3>夹杂物的粒度分布情况.对比了带挡墙前后的中间包的流场及夹杂物的去除效果,原中间包中夹杂物的总去除率为19%.而在带挡墙的中间包中,由于夹杂物受到湍流运动和活塞流运动的影响造成其相互碰撞粒度不断长大,夹杂物去除率达到37%,大大优...     

Water Modeling of Swirling Flow Tundish for Steel Continuous Casting

A conventional turbulence inhibitor is compared with a swirling chamber from the points of view of fluid flow and removal rate of inclusion in the tundish. Comparing the RTD curves, inclusion removals, and the stream-lines in water model experiments, it can be found that the tundish equipped with a swirling chamber has a great effect on improving the flow field, and the floatation rate of inclusion is higher than the tundish with a turbulence inhibitor. Because of the introduction of the swirling chamber, the flow field and inclusion removal in a two-strand swirling flow tundish are asymmetrical. Rotating the inlet direction of swirling chamber 60 degree is a good strategy to improve the asymmetrical flow field.     

Water Modeling of a Swirling Flow Tundish for Steel Continuous Casting

 A conventional turbulence inhibitor is compared with a swirling chamber from the points of view of fluid flow and removal rate of inclusion in the tundish. Comparing the RTD curves, inclusion removals, and the streamlines in water model experiments, it can be found that the tundish equipped with a swirling chamber has a great effect on improving the flow field, and the floatation rate of inclusion is higher than the tundish with a turbulence inhibitor. Because of the introduction of the swirling chamber, the flow field and inclusion removal in a two-strand swirling flow tundish is asymmetrical. Rotating the inlet direction of swirling chamber 60 degree is a good strategy to improve the asymmetrical flow field.     

板坯连铸中间包内夹杂物去除的数值模拟

以某厂50tT型2流中间包为研究对象,利用大型商业软件ANSYS CFX10.0建立了三维有限体积模型,采用多相流模型对中间包内钢液的流动特性、温度分布与夹杂物去除规律进行了数值模拟,重点研究了不同堰-坝组合方式、湍流抑制器形状、拉速、夹杂物粒径等工艺参数对中间包内钢水平均停留时间、夹杂物上浮率的影响。结果表明:湍流抑制器对夹杂物的上浮去除影响不大;随着夹杂物粒径的增大,夹杂物的上浮率迅速增大;20μm以下的夹杂物则很难在中间包内上浮去除;随着拉速的增大,夹杂物的上浮率是不断减小的;采用堰A=300cm、坝B=400cm、方形瓦楞湍流抑制器、过滤器组合式控流装置时夹杂物的上浮去除效果最好。     

不同挡墙挡坝组合对两流中间包内流场的影响

在相似理论的基础上,通过水力学模拟对两流板坯连铸中间包3种不同挡墙挡坝组合形式下包内流场进行研究.试验结果表明:方案1(挡墙-挡坝-端挡坝方案)挡墙与挡坝间距不合理,端挡坝未起到控流作用致使中间包内流体平均停留时间、峰值时间短,死区比例较大(27.9%);方案2(挡坝-挡墙-端挡坝方案)显著改善了中间包内流场状况,全混流区及活塞流区比例增加,死区减小为21%;方案3(双墙双坝方案)由于增加一组挡墙延长了流体流动的路径,流体在中间包内的停留时间明显增加,死区比例最小(16.7%),同时微观电导率波动值也最小(0.025 ms/cm),为3种方案之最优.     

连铸中间包内钢液流动特性及控流技术

中间包内钢液的流动状态对钢中夹杂物的去除效率影响较大。增加中间包容量可使铸坯内弧—侧Al2O3总量显著降低，在中间包使用挡墙和坝可减少内、外侧钢流温度差和拉漏发生率，去除钢中夹杂物。过滤器、湍流缓冲器和旋涡控制装置等相关技术的应用均提高了铸坯的清洁度。     

Mechanism of fluid flow in a continuous casting tundish with different turbo‐stoppers

The fluid flow in a continuous casting tundish affects the separation of non‐metallic particles and the cleanliness of the steel. Today, laser‐optical investigations of water models are state of the art and enable detailed information about the effect of baffles, i. e. dams, weirs and turbo‐stoppers, on the flow. In this work 3D‐LDA and 2D‐DPIV‐investigations for different turbo‐stoppers in a water model on a scale of 1:1.7 of a 16 t single strand tundish are presented. Three circular turbo‐stoppers are investigated. Detailed measurements of the mean velocity and turbulence intensity in the tundish with and without turbo‐stopper are shown. With a suitable turbo‐stopper geometry the recirculation area in the tundish centre and short‐circuit flows along the side walls can be avoided and thus more favourable residence time distributions can be obtained. It is shown that the turbo‐stopper produces higher turbulence in the inlet region of the tundish, which is spatially more limited, however, in relation to the flow without turbo‐stopper. Thereby a more homogeneous flow is created at the discharge of the tundish with better conditions for the particle separation. The experimental data yield a good understanding of the flow phenomena in a tundish with turbo‐stopper and are used as validating criterion for numerical simulations (Fluent 5.5) on the basis of the Reynolds equations. The turbulence modelling is based on a two‐equation model (realizable k‐ε model).     

中间包夹杂物的去除与控制新技术

通过对中间包中不同去除夹杂物的手段进行综合分析,得到各环节中间包均应保护浇注和防止卷渣卷气,中间包应具有合理的控流装置（上下挡墙、湍流抑制器、旋涡抑制器）以得到理想的流场;利用钢包注流生成的小气泡、中间包气幕挡墙和电磁搅拌离心流动可以有效去除中间包内钢水中夹杂物;连续真空处理对脱气和去除夹杂物有良好效果但其可调性差,电磁过滤可作为辅助方法去除夹杂物。     

Melt flow control in a multistrand tundish using a turbulence inhibitor

Water modeling and mathematical simulation techniques were used to study the melt flow under the influence of turbulence inhibitors in a multistrand bloom caster tundish. Three different cases were studied: a bare tundish (BT), a tundish with two pairs of baffles and a waved impact pad (BWIP), and a tundish equipped with turbulence inhibitor and a pair of dams (TI&D). Chemical mixing of tracer turbulence diffusion was also simulated and compared with actual experimental results. The TI&D arrangement showed an improvement of the fluid flow characteristics, yielding better tracer distribution among the outlets, lower values of back mixing flow, and higher values of plug flow. A mass transfer model coupled with k-ɛ turbulence model predicted acceptably well the experimental chemical mixing of the tracer in the water model. The water modeling and the numerical simulation indicated that the TI&D arrangement retains the tracer inside the vessel for longer times, increasing the minimum residence time. These results encourage the use of turbulence-inhibiting devices in bloom and billet casters, which pursue excellence in product quality.     

中间包气幕挡墙去除夹杂物的数值模拟

以湍流控制器加单坝结构的FTSC中间包为原型,采用气-液-固三相流数值模拟手段,研究了气幕挡墙对不同粒径夹杂物的去除情况.结果表明,中间包气幕挡墙能够改善钢液的流动特性,提高夹杂物的去除率,尤其对小颗粒夹杂物,去除效果更明显.     

二流T型23 t中间包控流装置的数值模拟和结构优化

通过计算流体力学软件FLUENT建立的数学模型对钢厂200 mm×1 600 mm铸坯二流T型23 t中间包现挡墙和坝、湍流控制器和坝、湍流控制器和现挡墙以及新挡墙4种结构方案进行三维数值模拟,研究原中间包及安装不同控流装置后的钢水流动特性。结果表明,在所有的设计方案中安装有湍流控制器和坝的中间包能够达到最佳优化效果;中间包的死区体积分率由30.18%降到16.51%,活塞流区与死区的体积分率比R_Vp/Vd由55.80%增大到129.44%;中间包内流动稳定,有利于夹杂物的上浮。     

三流Τ型中间包内控流装置优化的物理模拟

通过三流T型连铸中间包物理模拟实验,研究了直挡墙、V型挡墙及其与抑湍器组合控流装置对中间包流动特性的影响。结果表明,直挡墙控流装置的控流效果优于无控流装置的中间包,但不如设计合理的V型挡墙控流装置;V型挡墙与挡坝组合控流装置（方案Ⅴ）的控流效果较好,在其基础上加入抑湍器后控流效果并不理想。因此,提出了针对三流T型中间包控流装置的优化设计方案。