微波热效应陶瓷的研制

利用不同的微波吸收材料，成功地制造出低温下产生微波热效应的陶瓷。并对微波发热机理、影响因素等进行了初步探讨。     

微波热效应陶瓷的研制

利用不同的微波吸收材料，成功地制造出低温下产生微波热效应的陶瓷。并对微波发热机理，影响因素等进行了初步探讨。     

微波介电热效应在化学合成中的应用

介绍微波介电热效应原理及其在化学合成中的应用.利用微波介电热效应不仅能加快化学反应速度,缩短反应时间,而且还能合成出一些新的化合物.     

硫化胶微波脱硫过程中的非热效应

以NR胎面胶探讨硫化胶微波脱硫过程中微波的非热效应。结果表明，经过微波短时间处理的硫化胶达到溶胀平衡时的溶胀指数明显大于未经过微波处理的硫化胶；硫化胶温度较低时，交联网络遭到的破坏主要来自微波的非热效应作用；微波对硫化胶的断键作用较常规加热更为剧烈；经过微波处理的硫化胶小分子抽取物质量分数比没有经过微波处理的硫化胶小且不随微波处理时间变化；硫化胶微波脱硫制备再生胶效率较高，脱硫温度较低，对环境污染程度较小，再生胶物理性能较好。     

微波的非热效应降低原油粘度的实验研究

本文对在不同温度下经过不同时间微波辐射的大港高粘原油进行了大量的实验研究,通过色谱质谱分析和粘度测量对微波作用前后的原油进行了比较分析,我们发现微波的非热效应能够使大港原油的化学组分重组,降低原油的粘度,进而改变原油的流变性~([1])。     

材料生热效应基础研究和作用机理的探讨

根据各种需要,要求材料在各种特定的环境温度下发生变化,产生热效应。根据材料的发热机理和生热条件的不同,经常利用的生热条件是吸收微波生热和在交变磁场作用下的磁致生热。本文综述了两种生热条件下材料热效应的研究现状和发展情况。     

化学反应热效应估算法

化工企业的热平衡计算必然遇到化学反应热效应问题。化学反应热效应,指的是物系进行化学反应时,化学键的性质和数目会发生变化,由此而产生热量的吸收或放出。化学反应热效应可以由试验的方法测得。但     

硫酸热效应的计算

硫酸的干燥塔或者普钙的混酸器内,都涉及到硫酸的稀释过程。这些操作过程,伴随着热效应(稀释热)的发生。精确地计算这些热量的变化,对确定生产中热交换器等设备的经济合理性有实际意义。影响稀释热的因素很多,如温度、压力、浓度等。通常总是先计算等温过程中的热效应(如不注明均指恒压下的热效应),为系统或设备的热平衡提供依据。     

铝镁合金粉化学放热效应探讨

对含有铝镁合金粉的烟火药剂在造型后未干透或受潮时的化学放热效应机理进行了探讨,提出了预防烟火剂生产贮存过程中放热效应安全隐患的措施.     

微波在化工过程中的研究及应用进展

与传统加热过程比较，微波辅助有机合成的优势在于加快反应速率、提高产率和改变化学选择性。研究者们将这种常规加热无法重现的现象称为非热效应，但关于非热效应的存在性一直争论不休，至今微波促进合成反应的作用机理尚不清楚。总结了微波技术在有机合成和化工分离过程的应用进展，综述了近年来国内外对微波热效应与非热效应的研究进展，阐述了微波效应的实例分析以及理论观点，同时，对微波在工业化过程的发展进行了分析与展望。     

高效节能环保型聚四氟乙烯加热器

化工企业生产中使用的反应釜都是用钢壳外壁上的夹套来加热釜内介质,由于其热传递过程长,热阻大,而导致介质加热速度慢,时间长,高温上不去,热效率低等结果。针对上述问题,发明了一种高效、节能与环保型的聚四氟乙烯加热器,直接置于反应釜内加热介质,改变了原有的生产模式,从而达到了显著的节能、减排与增产的效果。     

Enhancement of Energy Efficiency of a Chemical Heat Pump-Assisted Convective Dryer

In earlier studies we have shown by simulation and experimental studies that the proposed chemical heat pump (CHP) unit can be used to recover waste heat from dryers and reuse it by storing and releasing heat with upgrading the temperature or by dehumidification. However, the final thermal energy production efficiency of the CHP for drying was found to be low. In this paper we present experimental results to demonstrate the potential for improved heat-recovery/storage and the heat-release/production of hot dry air for batch drying applications using the heat enhancement mode of the CHP. A new laboratory scale experimental CHP dryer system was built utilizing the calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide hydration/dehydration reversible reaction. The aim of this study is to improve the efficiencies of the heat recovery from heat source in the heat-storage step and the hot dry air production in the heat-release step of the CHP for heating up the air to around 100°C. The results of this experimental study utilizing a new reactor design showed that the shallow reactor/heat exchanger could accomplish 94% chemical heat storage and produce 100°C air at better than 75% efficiency for the reaction heat by controlling the preheating condition. The reaction conversion reached 90% in these experiments. The proposed CHP-assisted convective dryer system is found to be energy-efficient over a wide temperature range of industrial interest.     

关于提高我国化肥利用率的探讨

分析了我国化肥利用率的现状,指出由于化肥利用率低浪费了大量的不可再生资源、能源和资金,加剧了环境污染,危害人体健康。对提高化肥利用率进行了一些探讨,建议在指导思想上应把提高化肥利用率放在更加重要的位置,从重视提高化肥的产能、产量和加大化肥施用量转变到更加重视化肥利用率上来;加大化肥产品创新力度,推广测土配方施肥,建立起农民按需施肥、供销商按需供肥、工厂按需产肥的新模式,使我国的化肥利用率逐步提高到新的水平。     

改良的热偶合蒸馏流程的热效率分析

介绍了改良的热偶合蒸馏的主要流程，并讨论了影响其热产率的因素及一种快速判断热效率大小的方法。     

夹套管热效率的分析与提高

夹套管运行中热媒的热效率非常关键,它直接影响着工艺物料的顺利传输。简单地说,热效率的问题就是热媒的储热均匀性和传热均匀性问题。主要列举了夹套管运行中经常出现的问题以及这些问题给夹套管带来的弊端;分析了造成这些问题的原因;重点提出了提高热效率所采取的有效措施。     

汽-液-固循环流化床蒸发器热效率的实验研究

为对多管循环流化床蒸发器中的热效率进行研究,构建了汽-液-固透明多管循环流化床蒸发系统。研究了液体循环流量、热通量、颗粒加入量、颗粒性质等参数对蒸发器热效率的影响。结果表明:随着液体循环流量、颗粒加入量和热通量的增加,热效率均增大;且随着热通量的增加,热效率增大的幅度较大,说明在较高热通量时,热量的利用率较高。完全流化时,颗粒的密度和导热系数越大,热效率越高。操作为强制循环,循环泵消耗功率随颗粒加入量的增加而增长的幅度不大。     

Predicting Thermal Efficiency in Timber Radio Frequency Vacuum Drying

In this work, the efficiency of transforming dielectric energy into evaporated water is analyzed for the case of timber radio frequency vacuum drying. Based on well-known heat and mass transfer equations, a simplified mathematical model is proposed that estimates the drying efficacy in regards to the thermo-physical properties of wood. Although not exact, the theoretical results are close to the experimental observations and elucidate some phenomena like the tendency of the timber to dry from inside to outside, and the drying rate increase with the rise of the timber gas permeability. The theoretical efficiency model also predicts a range of wood permeability values for which the drying efficiency changes from 100 to 0%, thus providing a quantitative scale for classifying the spectrum of “difficult-to-dry” all the way to “easy-to-dry” wood species when using radio frequency vacuum technology.     

Predicting Thermal Efficiency in Timber Radio Frequency Vacuum Drying

Abstract

In this work, the efficiency of transforming dielectric energy into evaporated water is analyzed for the case of timber radio frequency vacuum drying. Based on well-known heat and mass transfer equations, a simplified mathematical model is proposed that estimates the drying efficacy in regards to the thermo-physical properties of wood. Although not exact, the theoretical results are close to the experimental observations and elucidate some phenomena like the tendency of the timber to dry from inside to outside, and the drying rate increase with the rise of the timber gas permeability. The theoretical efficiency model also predicts a range of wood permeability values for which the drying efficiency changes from 100 to 0%, thus providing a quantitative scale for classifying the spectrum of “difficult-to-dry” all the way to “easy-to-dry” wood species when using radio frequency vacuum technology.     

Estimation of the Mass-Transfer Efficiency in Catalytic Distillation in a Packed Column

Experiments are carried out to determine, under comparable conditions, the mass-transfer efficiency of a packed column in catalytic distillation of a chemically reactive mixture and in multicomponent distillation of the same mixture that is uncomplicated by chemical transformations. The reactive distillation process involves the reversible equimolar reaction of transesterification between butyl acetate and ethanol to form butanol and ethyl acetate. It is shown that the experimental data on the packed zone of the column are satisfactorily fitted by an equilibrium cascade model. The number of stages in the cascade is found from the Fenske-Underwood equation. In the experiments performed, both in the catalytic distillation and in the multicomponent distillation uncomplicated by chemical transformations, the height equivalent to a cascade stage is the same (20 cm).     

纳米TiO2光催化效率表征方法探讨

以物理和化学以及物理化学表征法为代表,介绍了纳米TiO2光催化效率表征方法的机理和影响因素.物理表征法中重点介绍了分光光度法,化学表征法中重点介绍了酸度计法,物理化学表征法重点介绍了总有机碳法(TOC).